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HISTORY 

OF THE 



EIGHTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT, 

PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS, 

PREPARED FROM OFFICIAL RECORDS,. DIARIES, 
. AND OTHER AUTHENTIC SOURCES 
OF INFORMATION. 

BY 

GEORGE R. PROWELL, 

MEMBER OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE REGIMENTAL ASSOCIATION. 



ILLUSTRATED 

WITH OVER ONE HUNDRED ENGRAVINGS 
AND PORTRAITS. 



YORK, PA.: 

Press of thk York Daily. 

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PREFACE. 



HE plan of this work is to tell the story of the Eighty- 



seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, from the 



time it entered the service, in 1861, to the end of the great con- 
flict for the preservation of the Union. The first chapters de- 
scribe how the regiment was recruited and organized, and how 
the soldiers went to war. Then follows a mental picture of the 
daily life and acts of the men, portraying their sturdy courage 
and devotion to the country and the flag, their experience in 
camp, on the march, in battle, in the prison pen, and how the 
returning soldiers were welcomed home. 

To the comrades of the regiment, it is hoped the work will 
present a stereoscopic view, a panorama of their career in the 
army, which will take them back in memory to the time of their 
early manhood, cause their pulses to thrill, and help them to 
live over again those eventful years of the past. For the non- 
military reader, the aim has been to make the history interest- 
ing, instructive and entertaining, and show how the soldier of 
the Civil War served and fought and endured to prevent the 
dismemberment of the Union. 

A comprehensive description of all the engagements has not 
been attempted, but the part taken by the regiment in every 
skirmish and battle in which it participated, is given in detail, 
as well as an account of its long marches, during the entire 
period of its service. 

The project to prepare and publish the history of the regi- 
ment originated at the reunion of 1897. It culminated in a 




— iv — 

reality, in igoo, through the enterprise of Captain W. H. Lanius, 
of Company I, whose earnest support and intelligent judgment 
made it possible for the appearance of the work. 

During the preparation of the history, Captain John Fahs, of 
Company A, and Lieutenant Stallman, of Company C, were 
added to the Historical Committee appointed at the reunion, 
and gave efficient aid and assistance. John C. Hoffman, of 
Company G, was untiring in his efforts, and rendered faithful 
service to the author. The regimental papers were loaned by 
Colonel Schall; Lieutenant Colonel Stahle gave a helping hand 
in many ways; Major Findlay I. Thomas furnished material of 
important value, and Edward J. Chalfant spent many hours in 
aiding the author to collect and arrange the historical data. 

Many volumes of government publications were carefully 
read for official information. The diaries of Lieutenant Charles 
H. Stallman, Lewis I. Renaut, Captain Solomon Myers, Lewis 
Frey, Jonathan S. May, Michael Heiman, James Oren, Henry 
C. Pentz, George Blotcher and Captain George J. Chalfant, 
and the information furnished by Captain Maish, Lieutenant 
Strickler, Captain Blasser, Chaplain Eberhart, Corporal William 
T. Ziegler, Michael Smyser, Charles E. Gotwalt, Howard F. 
Andrews, Samuel B. Gray, H. L. Neuman, Philip M. Shive, 
and other comrades, have been of the greatest value in the pre- 
paration of the work, which it is hoped will be a valuable sou- 
venir to the members of the regiment and their friends. 

York, Pa., February i, 1900. G. R. P. 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 

Introduction— Organization of the Regiment — Camp Scott. 
CHAPTER II. 

Guarding the Northern Central Railroad — Camp McKim at Bal- 
timore — Camp Jessie at New Creek, West Virginia. 

CHAPTER III. 

Campaign in West Virginia — Rowelsburg — Beverly — Clarks- 
burg — Elkwater — Crab Bottom. 

CHAPTER IV. 

From New Creek to Winchester — The Winter Encampment at 

Winchester. 

CHAPTER V. 

Campaign around Winchester — The Fight at Newtown — En- 
gagement at Bunker Hill — Ba tle of Carter's Woods. 

CHAPTER VI. 

Joining the Army of the Potomac — Manasses Gap — Bealton 
Station — Kelley's Ford — Mine Run Campaign. 

CHAPTER VII. 

Winter Encampment at Brandy Station — Reorganization of the 
Army of the Potomac — With the Sixth Corps. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



Going out of Winter Quarters — Battle of the Wilderness. 

CHAPTER IX. 

Battle of Spottsylvania — General Sedgwick Killed — General 
Morris Wounded — Colonel Schall in Command of 
the First Brigade. 

CHAPTER X. 
Movement to North Anna and Cold Harbor. 

CHAPTER XI. 
Battle of Cold Harbor. 

CHAPTER XII. 

Change of Base — March to the James River — Before Peters- 
burg— Weldon Railroad. 

CHAPTER XIII. 
From Petersburg to Maryland — Battle of Monocacy. 

CHAPTER XIV. 

Campaign under General Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley — 
Engagements at Snicker's Gap and Charlestown — 
Battles of Opequon and Fisher's Hill. 

CHAPTER XV. 

The Battalion — Battle of Cedar Creek — Sent to the army of the 
Potomac — Siege of Petersburg— End of the War. 



— vii — 

CHAPTER XVI. 

Southern Prisons — The March to Staunton in 1863 — Libby and 
Belle Isle — One Hundred 87th Boys on the Way to Dan- 
ville — Their Prison Experiences at Andersonville, 
Millen, Blackshear, Florence and Salisbury. 

CHAPTER XVII. 

Return of the Regiment — Reception at York — Mustered out of 
the Service — Committees of Reception and Entertainment 
— Regimental Association and Reunions. 

CHAPTER XVIII. 
Biographical — Roster of the Regiment. 



foist of 28 Engagements. 

Newtown, Bunker Hill, 

Winchester Carter's Woods, 

Manassas Gap, Bealton Station, 

Kelley's Ford, Brandy Station, 

Locust Grove, Mine Run, 

Wilderness, Spottsylvania, 
Laurel Hill, Po River, 

North Anna, Tolopotomy, 

Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, 

Petersburg, Monocacy, 

Snicker's Gap, Charlestown, 
Opequon, Fisher's Hill, 

Cedar Creek, Kernstown, 

Seige of Petersburg, Sailor's Creek. 



. CHAPTER L 

INTRODUCTION ORGANIZATION OF 

THE REGIMENT. 

Union forces met with a reverse- 
on the 2 ist of July, 1861, at Bull 
Run, where the first hard fight- 
ing of the Civil War took place. 
The people who expected the 
war to end in three months, and 
were eager for a great battle, 
now looked upon the situation 
with anxiety and alarm. But the 
distressed ship of state had a 
firm hand at the helm. Presi- 
dent Lincoln, as masterful a man? 
as the world ever knew, was 
equal to every great occasion 
during those dark times in our 
country's history. When he is- 
sued his second call for troops to 
defend and perpetuate the gov- 
ernment which our forefathers had brought forth on this Con- 
tinent, patriotic freemen from all the Northern States respond- 
ed with alacrity. Failure had not diminished zeal for a good 
cause; disaster had not abated devotion to country, and five 
hundred thousand men rushed to arms. It was this condition 
of affairs and of public sentiment that gave birth to the Eighty- 
Seventh Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, to serve for three 
years or during the war. 

In the month of April, 1861, a few days after Fort Sumter 




was fired upon, the York Rifles, commanded by Captain George 
Hay, and the Worth Infantry, under Captain Thomas A. Ziegle, 
fully armed and equipped and under excellent drill and disci- 
pline, offered their services to Governor Curtin, of Pennsyl- 
vania. They were sent to Cockeysville, Maryland, to guard 
the Northern Central Railroad, a part of which had been torn 
up by Confederate sympathizers, in order to prevent the move- 
ment of Union troops to the defense of Washington. On the 
20th of April, the day after the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment 
was attacked by a mob while passing through Baltimore, the 
York Rifles under Captain George Hay, with John W. Schall 
as First Lieutenant, entered the three months' service in re- 
sponse to Lincoln's first call for 75,000 volunteers, and became 
Company K in the Second Pennsylvania Regiment. A com- 
pany, raised by Captain Charles H. Buehler, of Gettysburg, 
joined the same regiment. The Worth Infantry, York Volti- 
quers, Hanover Infantry and Marion Rifles of Hanover entered 
the Sixteenth Pennsylvania Regiment, commanded by Colonel 
Thomas xA.. Ziegle. When these regiments returned from the 
three months' service in July, the war for the preservation ot 
the Union had only begun. The early enthusiasm which found 
its outlet in a short term of enlistment had died awa}^. The re- 
verse at Bull Run showed the country what to expect, and the 
government at Washington was stirred to renewed activity. 

The Union sentiment in York was strong and found vent in 
public meetings, where resolutions of patriotism and loyalty to 
country were adopted and afterward published. On the 19th of 
August Captain George Hay received a commission as Colonel. 
Lieutenant John W. Schall was chosen Lieutenant Colonel and 
Captain Charles H. Buehler of Gettysburg, Mai'or. Recruiting 
was begun at once and Camp Scott on the Public Common be- 
came the place of rendezvous and instruction. When fully or- 
ganized the regiment numbered 38 commissioned officers and 
1000 enlisted men. 

Of the ten companies composing this regiment eight were 
from York county and two from Adams. 



— 3 — 



COMPANY A. 

This company was originally the ''Ellsworth Zouaves," a 
local military organization named in honor of that brave but ill- 
fated officer who gave his life to his country at the opening of 
the Civil War. The company was organized May 10, 1861, and 
met regularly for practice in the old Vigilant engine house 
which stood on the site of the Western National Bank, of York. 
The offiiers chosen were James A. Stahle, Captain.; Dr. Jacob 
Hay, 1st Lieut.; John F. Spangler, 2d Lieut.; George J. Chal- 
fant, 1st Sergt. The company was composed of young men 
nearly all of whom were under age. They drilled almost every 
evening in an up-stairs room of the Vigilant engine house or 
on the common to the rear of the Motter House. The first 
uniform was made of blue worsted goods and was close fitting. 
Captain Stahle made a diligent study of tactics and soon had his 
company quite proficient in the manual of arms. He made a 
specialty of the Zouave drill. On July 4, 1861, a number of la- 
dies of York presented the Zouaves with a beautiful flag. Rev 
James A. Brown, afterward chaplain of the 87th Regiment, made 
the presentation speech. The flag was received on the part of 
the company by Hon. John Gibson. It was made of blue silk, 
ornamented with heavy straw-colored fringe. It has been kept 
since the Civil War, by members of the company, and at the 
time of this writing, is in the possession of Capt. John Fahs. 
The Freystown band was attached to this company, on July 8. 
It subsequently became the regimental band until August, 1862 
When arrangements had been completed to organize a new 
regiment, with George Hay as Colonel, the Zouaves immediate- 
ly offered their services. On August 24, 1861, almost the en- 
tire company and a number of recruits were mustered into the 
United States service by Lieutenant Tyrrell, of the Regular 
Army. This ceremony took place on Newberry street in front 
of the warehouse of Lewis Carl. The Zouaves then became 
Company A of the 87th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers. 
The company was commanded by Captain Stahle until Jan. 1, 
1863, when he was promoted to Major of the Regiment. Lieut. 



Hay resigned in November, 1861, and was succeeded by John 
Fahs, who was promoted to Captain Jan. 1, 1863, and command- 
ed Company A in all the engagements in which the regiment 
participated until June 23, 1864, when he was taken prisoner on 
the skirmish line before Petersburg, Va. 1st Lieut. John F. 
Spangler, upon whom the command of the company now de- 
volved, was killed at Monocacy, July 9, 1864. Company A did 
not now have a commissioned officer and Captain James Adair 
of Company F was placed in charge of it. George J. Chalfant, 
who entered the company Aug. 23, 1862, became Captain of the 
company in the battalion. January 1, 1863, 1st Sergt. William 
Bierbower was promoted to 2d Lieutenant. 

COMPANY B. 

Company B was recruited by Jacob Detwiler, of Harrisburg, 
John Crull, of Newberrytown, and Lewis Maish, of York. Near- 
ly half of the original membership was from Harrisburg, and 
other parts of Dauphin County. The balance was chiefly from 
Newberry Township and the Borough of York. John Crull had 
an extended experience as an officer in local military organiza- 
tions. Twenty years before the war, he had been lieutenant in 
a cavalry company, which drilled for a long time in his native 
township. He commanded the Washington Guards, an infantry 
company, composed of about sixty men, for six years. Captain 
Crull brought a squad of forty-seven men to York as soon as 
he heard that arrangements were being made for the organiza- 
tion of a regiment. The men were rendezvoused on the old Fair 
Grounds and camp life began by Lewis Maish taking charge of 
the recruits and instructing them in foot movements and squad 
drill. Some days later Jacob Detwiler reported in camp with 
nearly fifty men from Dauphin County. On the following day 
the officers chosen were Jacob Detwiler, Captain; John Crull. 
1 st Lieutenant; and Lewis Maish, 2d Lieutenant. The company 
then moved to Camp Scott on the Common, being one of the 
earliest to complete its organization. On September 14, it was 
mustered into the service by Lieutenant Baldwin of the Regular 



Army. Lieutenant Crull resigned July 26, 1863, and was suc- 
ceeded by George C. Stroman. who was promoted to Adjutant 
of the Regiment, July 10, 1864. Captain Detwiler was discharg- 
ed on account of disability July 21, 1863, and during the month 
of October following, Lewis Maish was promoted to the cap- 
taincy of the company. He commanded it in all the engagements 
of Grant's campaign in 1864, until his capture near Petersburg 
Ya.. June 23, of that year. James Tearney became Captain of 
Company B. in the battalion Oct. 13, 1864. and was promoted 
to Colonel in the veteran service May 23, 1865. 

company c. 

This company was largely recruited from Hopewell, Chance- 
ford, Fawn, Lower Chanceford. Windsor and other townships 
in the lower end of York County. A few members entered it 
from York. Andrew J. Fulton, of Stewartstown, and Murray 
S. Cross, of Windsor, brought to York on August 27, 1861. a 
squad of men and went into camp. More recruits were added. 
The company was organized with Andrew J. Fulton, Captain; 
Murray S. Cross, 1st Lieut.: and William E. Patterson, 2d Lieut. 
These three officers had been in the three months' service. On 
September 14, Lieutenant Baldwin of the 5th U. S. Artillery, 
mustered the company into the service. It then had seventy 
men. By the latter part of September the full quota of 100 men 
had been enlisted. They were drilled in squads and by company 
on the Public Common, at Camp Scott. Captain Fulton re- 
mained in command of the company until Dec. 24, 1862, when he 
became Colonel of the 166th. Pennsylvania Militia Regiment in 
the 9 months' service. Lieutenant Cross was promoted Captain 
the following day, and commanded the company during the 
remainder of the three years term of service. Samuel Savior 
became 1st Lieutenant. Charles H. Stallman entered Company 
C as 3d Sergeant, was soon promoted to Sergeant Major. He 
was commissioned 2d Lieutenant Dec. 25, 1862, and upon the 
resignation of Lieutenant Savior in January, 1864, was promoted 
1st Lieutenant. He was taken prisoner June 22, 1864. 



— 6 — 



COMPANY D. 

During the latter part of August, 1861, Noah G. Ruhl, of 
Shrewsbury, was requested by Col. Hay to raise a company 
in that locality. He had previously served a term of five years in 
the Regular Army was Sergeant Major of the 4th U. S. Infan- 
try in the Mexican War. On the 19th of August, James H. 
Blasser was the first member to enroll his name as a volunteer 
in this company. His father, George Blasser, of Shrewsbury, 
and Henry Seitz, of Glen Rock, began to assist in recruiting the 
company. Early in September, they were ordered to York, 
where the company was organized with Noah G. Ruhl, Cap- 
tain; George Blasser, 1st Lieut.; and Henry Seitz, 2d Lieut.; 
James H. Blasser, 1st Sergt.; and Edgar M. Ruhl, son of the 
Captain, 2d Sergt. Sept. 19 the company was mustered into the 
service by Lieut. Baldwin. A number were added to the com- 
pany on the 25th. It then had 96 enlisted men, which with the 
commissioned officers made 99 men. More were soon added 
making the full complement of 100 men. Peter Ford, who first 
enlisted with Company D, became quartermaster of the regi- 
ment. Company D was uniformed the same day it was muster- 
ed into the service. The men were then marched to the Variety 
Iron Works, owned by Small & Smyser,where each man received 
a large musket of Harper's Ferry manufacture. They had been 
changed from the old time flint-lock to a percussion gun. With 
these muskets, a ball and three buckshot in one cartridge, were 
used. The cartridge had to be torn open with the teeth. A man 
having lost his front teeth could not enlist. The other compa- 
nies were provided with the same kind of gun. A few months 
later the Austrian rifles, and later the Springfield rifles were sup- 
plied the regiment. Henry Seitz resigned, and Sergeant Blas- 
ser succeeded him as 2d Lieut. George Blasser resigned Octo- 
ber 25, 1862, and his son became First Lieutenant, and Edgar 
M. Ruhl, 2d Lieut. When Captain Ruhl was promoted to .Ma- 
jor of the Regiment May 9, 1863, Lieut. James H. Blasser was 
promoted to Captain of the company. At the same time E. M. 
Ruhl was made 1st Lieut., and W. H. H. Welsh, 2d Lieut. On 



March 19, 1864, Captain Blasser resigned his commission, anct 
Edgar M. Ruhl was promoted to Captain. He was killed at Ce- 
dar Creek October 19, 1864. Lieut. Welsh was captured at 
Winchester, June 15, 1863, and was a prisoner of war until 1865 

COMPANY E. 

Solomon Myers had been a member of the Worth Infantry 
of York for several years before it entered the army at the open- 
ing of the war, in the 16th Penna. Regiment, as Company A, of 
which he was 1st Lieutenant. Soon after expiration of their three 
months term of service Lieut. Myers began to recruit a com 
pany for three years. With the assistance of William F. Frank 
he had enlisted about 60 men, when Isaac Hull brought a squadi 
to York from Mechanicsburg, Cumberland County. An organ- 
ization was then effected, with Solomon Myers, Captain; Wil- 
liam F. Frank, 1st Lieut.; and Isaac Hull, 2d Lieut. A few more 
men were added from York, and when the full quota of 100 was 
recruited, Lieut. Baldwin on Sept. 13 mustered them into the 
service on the York Common as Company E of the 87th Regi- 
ment. Drill in squads and by company was at once begun. 
Captain Myers remained in command of his company, except 
while on recruiting service for three months during the spring of 
1864, until the end of the three years team. Lieut. Frank was 
discharged on account of physical disability, Jan. 17, 1863, and 
Lieut. Hull early in 1864. Alexander Strickler, who had been 
a member of the Worth Infantry five years, and went with it in- 
to the three months' service, enlisted as 1st Sergeant in com- 
pany E. In January, 1863, he was promoted 2d Lieut., and ear- 
ly in the spring of 1864, to 1st Lieut. He commanded the com- 
pany in the Wilderness, at Spottsylvania, and on the famous 
charge at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864. Captain Myers returned 
to the Regiment June 2. Charles J. Fox, who became 2d Lieut, 
in June, 1864, was wounded and captured before Petersburg 
Va., June 23, 1864, and afterward was promoted to Captain in. 
the veteran service. 2d Lieut. Peter Nickle was killed near 
Petersburg, April 2, 1865. This was the color company of the 
regiment. 



COMPANY F. 

This company was recruited by Captain Buehler, William J 
Martin and James Adair at Gettysburg, Pa., during the latter 
part of August, 1861. Captain Buehler had lately returned 
from the army, where he commanded Company E in the 2d Regi- 
ment Pennsylvania Volunteers, in the three months' service. 
Many of Captain Buehler's men at once re-enlisted for three 
years. They resided in Gettysburg and vicinity. All the non- 
commissioned officers in the new company had been in the three 
months' service. The balance of the company was recruited 
in and around Gettysburg. On Sept. 2, with 84 men, Captain 
Buehler came to York, via Hanover Junction, and in the after- 
noon marched to the Fair Grounds, where several days were 
spent and then they moved to Camp Scott, on the Public Com- 
mon. William J. Martin was chosen 1st Lieut, and James 
Adair 2d Lieut. On Sept. 14 Captain Buehler was chosen 
Major of the Regiment, William J. Martin was made Captain, 
James Adair 1st Lieut, and Theodore Norris 2d Lieut. The 
company was now armed, equipped and ready for duty. Captain 
Martin had considerable experience in military matters, and 
proved to be an excellent drill master, but a wife and several 
small children then at his Gettysburg home, needed his pres- 
ence there, and on Sept. 13, 1862, he resigned. Lieut. Adair 
was promoted Captain and was in command of Company F dur- 
ing the balance of the three years' term of service. Lieut Baker 
was captured at Monocacy and held for several months a pris- 
oner of war. Corporal Skelley engaged to be married to Jennie 
Wade, the only woman killed in the battle of Gettysburg, died 
of wounds received at Winchester, Va., on June 15, 1863; Cor- 
poral Sheads was killed at Monocacy. Among the 27 survivors 
of the company are Captain Adair, now of New York, and Cor- 
poral Wm. T. Ziegler, of Gettysburg, ex-member of Pennsyl- 
vania Legislature. 

COMPANY G. 

Company G was recruited at Hanover by Vincent C. S. 
Eckert, ex-member of the Pennsylvania Legislature, and Henry 



— 9 — 

Morningstar. The latter had just returned from the three 
months' service as ist Lieut, in the Hanover Infantry which 
belonged to the 16th Pennsylvania Regiment, commanded by 
Col. Thomas A. Ziegle, of York. Among the recruits of Com- 
pany G who had served with the Hanover Infantry were, Isaac 
Wagner, William C. Waldman, Henry Strine, William Neuman, 
Silas C. Yingling and Lewis I. Renaut. The last mentioned 
became principal musician of the regiment. When the company 
was organized. V. C. S. Eckert was chosen Captain, Henry 
Morningstar ist Lieut., and Robert A. Daniel, of Ohio, then a 
teacher in York County, 2nd Lieut. Some members of the com- 
pany enlisted from York and other sections of the county. They 
were mustered into the service Sept. 25, 1861. Captain Eckert 
retired from the service Sept. 1, 1863. Lieut. Morningstar, 
who was captured at Winchester June 15, 1863. was promoted 
to Captain, but he was held a prisoner of war until March, 1865. 
Robert A. Daniel, who became ist Lieut. Dec. 1, 1863, com- 
manded the company in most of the engagements in which it 
participated. Private Hoffman, of Company G, became regi- 
mental postmaster in July, 1864. Sergt. Daniel L. Welsh was 
killed at Monocacy July 9, 1864. Lieut. W. C. Waldman be- 
came Adjt. in the veteran service; Sergt. Andrew G. Shull be- 
came ist Lieut. Co. D. Samuel W. Keasey, who became 2d 
Lieut. Co. D, Jan. 21, 1865, was killed at Petersburg April 2, 
1865. 

COMPANY H. 

When the news of the plan to organize a regiment at York 
had reached the village of Wellsville a company was recruited in 
Warrington and adjoining townships, and was organized with 
Ross L. Harman Captain, Wells A. Farrah ist. Lieut, and John 
L. Shilito 2nd Lieut. The company was mustered into the 
service September 19, 1861. Captain Harman resigned Jan. 
18, 1863, and Lieut. Shilito Aug. 16, 1862. These vacancies 
were filled by the promotion of Lieut. Farrah to Captain and 
Andrew B. Smith ist Lieut. R. S. Slaymaker was promoted 



IO 

from Sergt. Major to 2d Lieut. Jan. 1, 1863. Lieut. Slothower, 
who fell in the battle of Bunker Hill, near Winchester. Ya., 
June 13, 1863, was the first officer in the regiment to be killed. 
Two days later Captain Wells A. Farrah was mortally wounded 
in the last charge at Carter's woods, and died soon after in the 
hands of the enemy. For a time the company was command- 
ed by Lieut. Alexander Strickler of Company E. Philip 
Gentzler was made Captain April 5, 1864. In the hard fought 
battle at Monocacy, Maryland, Daniel P. Dietrich, who was 
chosen 1st Lieut. April 5. 1864, was killed. Wm. S. Culp was 
promoted 1st Lieut, from Sergt. Major Sept. 15, 1864, and quar- 
termaster of the veteran organization Dec. 13, 1864. Isaac 
Wagner was promoted 2nd Lieut. Sept. 18, 1864. Company H 
lost three commissioned officers in battle. 

company 1. 

The nucleus of this company was a military organization at 
New Oxford, Adams County, Pa., which Thaddeus Stevens 
Pfeiffer had been drilling in the early months of 1861. His 
father conducted an academy in Xew Oxford. The son and 
some of the boys had been students in this institution, and Dr. 
Pfieffer himself assisted the captain in training them in the man- 
ual of arms. Every Saturday these boys, dressed in red trous- 
ers, blue jackets and red caps, drilled in Centre Square, then, 
marched out of town and back again. The company had fifty 
members. Anthony M. Martin, was 1st Lieutenant, and James 
Hersh, 2d Lieutenant. 

When Captain Pfeiffer heard of the organization of a Regi- 
ment at York, he began to recruit a company for the military 
service, and on one of the last days of August. 1861, started for 
York. Their departure from Xew Oxford was an eventful day 
for the village. Crowds of people went to the train to see them 
off. L T pon their arrival at York they marched to the old Fair- 
Grounds, and spent the first night in a large building there. A 
number of recruits from Abbottstown, McSherrystown, Littles- 
town, Conewago, and other parts of Adams County, and a few 



— II — 



from York County were enrolled. The full number of 100 men 
had now been enlisted. After a few days of drill in squads and 
by company, they were mustered into the service for three years 
by Lieut. Baldwin. Captain Pfeiffer was killed in front of the 
works at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. W. H. Lanius who had 
enlisted as a private in Co. A, August 25th, 1861, was transfer- 
red to this company as 1st Sergt. about ten days after; was ap- 
pointed 2d Lieut., March 2, 1863, promoted to 1st Lieut., Dec. 
7, 1863, and was commissioned Captain of Company I, June 24, 
1864. Captain Lanius served as an aide on the brigade staff 
from May 9 to July 9, 1864, when he was wounded at the bat- 
tle of Monocacy. After his return to the Regiment, he com- 
manded his company during Sheridan's campaign in the Valley 
of Virginia until the end of the three years' term of service. 
During the time he was a staff officer, his company was com- 
manded in the field by Lieut. Edward J. Coe. Anthony M. Mar- 
tin who served as 1st Lieut, from date of organization of this 
company was promoted to Adjutant of the Regiment November 
18, 1863, was killed at the battle of Monocacy July 9, 1864. 

Findlay I. Thomas was brevetted Major for gallantry before 
Petersburg April 2, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

John W. Schall, a native of Bucks county and a graduate oi 
the Military Academy at Norwich, Vermont, was engaged in the 
mercantile business in York when the war opened. He entered 
the army as 1st Lieutenant in the York Rifles, a local military 
company, which enlisted in the three months' service with 
George Hay as captain, April 19, 1861, the day of the riot in 
Baltimore city. This company responded to the first call for 
troops by President Lincoln. 

At the expiration of the term of enlistment Lieut. Schall re- 
cruited a company for the three years' service and many of his 
former command joined it. The company was organized with 
John W. Schall Captain, Dr. John Mcllvain 1st Lieut., and Jacob 
Emmitt 2nd Lieut. They were mustered into the service at 



12 



York by Captain Tyrrell, of the Regular Army, Aug. 24, 1861. 
Captain Schall was in command of the company until Sept. 14, 
1861, when he was tendered the position of colonel of a regi- 
ment to be organized in York. Declining this offer in favor of 
Col. George Hay, he accepted the lieutenant colonelcy of the 
regiment. 

John W. Albright, who was active in recruiting men for Capt. 
SchaH's company, was commissioned captain Sept. 14, 1861, 
and Charles F. Haack at the same time was made 2d Lieut 
succeeding Jacob Emmitt, who was promoted to adjutant of the 
regiment. Lieut. Mcllvain was promoted to assistant surgeon 
of the 68th Pennsylvania Regiment, March 23, 1863, and Charles 
F. Haack succeeded him as 1st Lieutenant of the company.Chas. 
P. Stroman was chosen 2nd Lieut, Captain Albright and Lieut. 
Stroman were both captured at Winchester, Virginia, June 15, 
1863, an d remained prisoners of war until March 12, 1865, when 
with other officers of the regiment, they were discharged by 
special order. From June 15, 1863, to July 9, 1864, when he 
was killed at the battle of Monocacy, the command of Company 
K devolved upon Lieut. Haack. As the company had no com- 
missioned officer present after Monocacy, it was placed in charge 
of Lieut. Strickler, of Company E, who commanded it until he 
took sick during the following August. Sergeant Lewis R. 
Haack, brother of Lieut. Haack, was in charge of the company 
during part of the Valley campaign under Gen. Sheridan. 



CHAPTER II. 



GUARDING THE RAILROAD CAMP M'KIM CAMP JESSIE. 

N the morning of September 16 
1 86 1, Companies A, B, E, I and K 
being fully armed and equipped, 
left York in charge of Lieut. Col. 
Schall to perform guard duty 
along the Northern Central Rail- 
way. They relieved the 20th In- 
diana Regiment and were distrib- 
uted along the road from the 
Pennsylvania line to Baltimore. 
Each company was assigned the 
duty of guarding about five miles 
of track, keeping special watch of 
the numerous bridges. 

They were stationed as follows: 
Company B, under Captain Det- 
wiler, from New Freedom to Parkton, with headquarters at Bee 
Tree; Company I, Captain Pfeiffer, from Parkton to Monkton 
with headquarters at White Hall; Company E, Captain Myers, 
from Monkton to Cockeysville with headquarters at St. James' 
Switch; Company K, Captain Albright, from Cockeysville to 
Relay House with headquarters at the latter place; Company 
A, Captain Stahle, from Relay House to Woodberry where the 
line of guard ended, with headquarters at Melvale. 

The remaining five companies, C, D, F. G and H, left for 
Cockeysville, then the regimental headquarters, at 9 a, m. Sat- 
urday, September 29. They were commanded, respectively, 




— i4 - 

by Captains Fulton, Ruhl, Martin, Eckert and Harman. This 
detachment was accompanied by the regimental band, under 
the leadership of Captain William Frey. Each regiment during 
the first year of the war was allowed to have a band whose 
members were paid by the government. The band was given 
quarters near those of the field and staff officers at Cockeysville. 

Some of the companies remained at regimental headquarters, 
while others soon relieved companies on guard. 

Each company in the regiment was divided into squads, which 
were usually in charge of a non-commissioned officer. These 
squads guarded the numerous bridges distributed along the 
line of the railroad. 

The Northern Central was a main line of transportation to the 
front from the North and the West. It was a safer route to 
Washington and the army than the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- 
road, which was frequently torn up by the enemy at places in 
Western Virginia, and part of Maryland. There was a constant 
movement of troops and supplies through Pittsburg, Harris- 
burg, York and Baltimore to the Army of the Potomac, then 
near the National Capital. During the exciting and uncertain 
period of the early part of the war, the guarding of this line of 
road was a very important and responsible duty. The company 
commanders were enjoined by Col. Hay to exercise the strictest 
vigilance in guarding the bridges, as there were many Confed- 
erate sympathizers in Baltimore and in other parts of Maryland, 
who were arming themselves for the war. 

The regimental headquarters, and the tents of five com- 
panies was called Camp Dix, in honor of Gen. John A. 
Dix, of New York, who had been appointed to the command 
of the Middle Department with headquarters at Baltimore. 

The regiment was especially fortunate in its field staff and 
line officers, most of whom had been in the three months' ser- 
vice, or had long training and experience in drilling military 
companies at home. The Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel, Major 
and some of the captains were good tacticians. The companies 
were distributed along so many miles of track that it was never 



possible to have the entire regiment meet until the following 
year. The practical applications of the principles in the school 
of the soldier were thoroughly taught Guardmount, squad 
drill and company drill were practiced with precision and regu- 
larity. Some men in each company had an acquaintance with 
military movements, while others who came direct from the 
farm or the workshop needed special training. The drill in the 
"facings,"' often disclosed the fact that many men otherwise in- 
telligent, were not always certain which was the right hand or 
which the left. When the order "right face" was given, face 
sometimes met face with inquiring astonishment and quick at- 
tempts to obey the order, made still greater confusion. The 
.drill in marching and wheeling often resulted in uncertain lines. 

These were ripples upon the surface of the volunteer's life. 
Beneath was the deep resolve on the part of these men to act 
well the part assigned them in the great tragedy of the Rebellion. 
The record of the conduct of the regiment, on many a battle- 
field, the graves of comrades in the Sunny Southland, the arm- 
less sleeves and the folded pantaloons of survivors at the end of 
that struggle, were evidence of faithful execution of that resolve. 

The larger part of the time spent along the raihoad was de- 
voted to fitting the men by drill and discipline, for the life that 
was before them. The days of hard tack had already come. 
The evil hour of salt pork had arrived, though fresh beef and 
raised bread were frequently furnished. But the sanitary con- 
ditions were watched with zealous care. It is doubtful whether 
any regiment in the field during the Civil War had officers who 
looked more faithfully after the comfort and physical welfare of 
their men than Colonel Hay and his field staff and line. 

After the men had been drilled in squads and by companies 
for about a month, the field officers called together seven com- 
panies for battalion drill in a field that sloped toward the rail- 
road. When the order "Forward March" was given, a delight- 
ful and inspiring sight was afforded the spectator. The men 
moved down the slope with steady ringing tread in almost per- 
fect alignment. The big Harpers Ferry muskets, finely polished, 



— 16 — 

gleamed and shimmered in the sunlight. It was indeed a success, 
such as marked the exhibition drills given by the regiment on 
several occasions afterward. They seemed invincible as they 
marched on, the band playing, the colors flying, a martial spirit 
in the very air, until some unfortunate boys to the left stepped 
on a bumble bee's nest, and a moment later on another nest. 
They were regular black-headed Maryland buzzers and stingers, 
and soon began a spirited attack. The line was temporarily 
broken along the left and the amusing antics of some of the men 
excited the risibilities of the sternest officers. It was a 
dearly-bought victory for the bumble bees. Camp kettles filled 
with hot water were hurried to "the front," and the live bumble 
bees soon disappeared from the face of the earth. 

The company cook was a character, invested with all the 
dignity of his important position. It was his duty to deal out 
the- rations. Coffee came in quart or pint tin cups, bacon, salt 
pork, or beef, on tin plates, and bread or hard tack with out- 
stretched hands. The boys learned to eat their meals sitting on 
the grass or around improvised tables with a relish and avidity 
that told of peaceful complacency and easy digestion. Some of 
the boys indeed longed, not for the flesh pots of ancient Egypt, 
but the pepper pots, sweet cream, apple butter and other appe- 
tizers of their homes. At noon the sun looked straight down 
upon the bean soup, salt pork and sometimes roast beef, vege- 
tables and half melted cooks. 

The enforcement of discipline and obedience to order; the 
yielding up of the individuality and personal will soon compact- 
ed each company, and eventually the regiment into a whole, to 
be wielded by one man as a weapon of offence or defence — ready 
to be hurled against an enemy to overwhelm, or to stand as 
adamant to oppose the advance of an approaching foe. 

In the evenings of the early fall, after the sun had given place 
to the moon, pranks of course were played without being 
noticed. Some of the men changed into boys and did whatever 
mischief their hands found to do. A wag in one squad gath- 
ered all the toads he could find near the company headquarters 



and tied them in the legs of a comrade's pantaloons. The next 
morning- the owner of the trousers, not at all confounded said 
with a smile: 

"Boys, I didn't think any of you would be guilty of toadying 
to me in this way." 

The story of James Fisher nick-named ''tanglefoot" of Com- 
pany I, when he was mustered into service at York was never 
forgotten. The company was drawn up in line and each man 
was ordered to march double quick for some distance, halt and 
then return the same way. He had marched but a short, dis- 
tance when he gave himself a twist causing a lameness in one 
foot. 

"Pass out," said the mustering officer in a stern voice. 

Jimmie straightened himself up, marched a double quick, came 
back, and then turned a hand spring three times, landing in 
front of the officer, who said with a smile: 

"You'll do; a regular athlete I guess." And the whole com- 
pany laughed. Playing at cards was one of their chief pas- 
times in camp. One night a party of boys disobeyed orders 
and continued a game after 10 p. m. even to an early morning 
hour. A German in the company who claimed that he was. 
disturbed by the noise they made, reported their disobedience 
to the captain. Two other boys of the same company went 
without leave to a corn husking party at a neighboring farm 
house, and the captain found out their violation of rules. They 
were all sentenced to the wood pile. The next day the Dutch- 
man looking on remarked. "Das ist die weg, es geht, die boys 
who zu die barty goes, carries die wood und die boys who 
cards play, schplitts it." The day for rigid discipline had not 
yet come. Akinson Powell, a good soldier who afterward was. 
killed in the battle of Winchester, was the first to sound the 
tocsin of war. He was a member of one of the squads, belong- 
ing to Company B, and was on duty at a bridge five hundred, 
yards or more from the company headquarters at Bee Tree. 
About the hour of midnight, in one of the early days of Octo- 



— 18 — 

Iber, he fired a shot at some "rebels," who would not heed his 
•challenge to "halt." 

Captain Detwiler, Lieutenant Maish and the cook were 
the first to be aroused from their slumbers. Then Musician 
.'Barringer and Private Corl gave the alarm and awakened every 
man in camp. They sounded the long roll with tremendous 
'effect. 

"Fall in and let every man be ready for a double quick," 
rshouted the captain with great earnestness. Away they moved 
'toward the sentinel, who had met the enemy. 

"Let this be a . chance for every man to show his courage," 
said the lieutenant as the march began. All in line seemed 
.anxious for a fight, and they were soon at the "scene of action." 
"Where is the enemy?" asked the captain. 
"There are some bridge burners down there in the thicket, 
-and I'm waiting till they move again, to get another whack at 
them," said the sentinel. 

A diligent search was made in the dark, when the company 
cook, armed with his fifteen pound musket, stumbled over a 
-dead animal, along the edge of the thicket. The company re- 
turned to its quarters and the next day Farmer Walker came 
into camp, mourning the loss of his horse. The sentinel had 
shot him. On the early morning of Oct. 22, there was an alarm 
in camp at Cockeysville and Company C marched to Luther- 
ville, but returned the same day without seeing the enemy. 

Two weeks after Company I went on duty at White Hall, a 
sentinel near Monkton, fired a shot at a supposed bridge 
burner. The report of his gun awakened the entire squad, and 
another one nearby. The men moved on a double quick to the 
assistance of the guard, and found the entire force of rebels to 
be a cow whose life was saved by the ball from the sentinel's 
musket missing its mark. 

'On Saturday evening, September 29, a detachment 
of 40 men from Company K, under command of Cap- 
tain Albright and Lieutenant Mcllvain, went to Westminster, 
Maryland, and disarmed a company recruiting for the Confed- 



— ig — 

erate service. Upon arriving at the town they found that the 
secessionists were drilling in the armory. They entered the 
hall by a rear door with a rush, and soon frightened the Mary- 
landers into surrendering their arms which were taken back to 
the company headquarters at Relay House. 

Having succeeded so well on this expedition, another was 
planned on October 12. This time the same number of men went 
in a train to Westminster and then marched 18 miles to a 
small village in Maryland. After a slight resistance they cap- 
tured thirty Springfield rifles in Confederate hands. It was 
Saturday aft.ernoon,but having provided three days' rations they 
went four miles farther on, to Liberty. The village physician, 
a loyal man, invited them to remain over night. The following 
day they went through the manual of arms on the village green, 
much to the admiration of the citizens. A company of thirty 
Confederate sympathizers were compelled to surrender their 
Springfield rifles. In the afternoon Captain Albright and his 
men marched in a drenching rain to Westminster, and slept in a 
hall. They returned with their prizes the next morning. Soon 
after arriving at headquarters a"t Cockeysville Company F was 
sent down to guard the line from Timonium, nearly to the Relay 
House, with company headquarters under command of Cap- 
tain Martin, at Lutherville, where barracks were erected for 
winter quarters. Here the company recruited a few members. 
Spangler Welsh, of York, who joined the company Oct. 22, was 
number 98 on the company rolls. 

Company G early in October was sent to White Hall. A 
squad under Lieut. Daniel was stationed at Burns' Switch, be- 
tween White Hall and Parkton. Early in November,Company 
B was relieved by Company C, and together with Company I, 
went to regimental headquarters for the winter. Company K 
went first to Relay House, later moved to Falls Road and put 
up frame barracks. 

Lieutenant Crull taught Company B a new movement. The 
command was, "Advance from the centre, inward face," while 
marching on a flank. Then the centre four would advance, the 



20 

right and left would face inward, toward the centre, and march 
together, following the centre four. That would bring the com- 
pany into fours. It would march in that w T ay until the command 
"Into line, march," was given, when the men would double 
quick right and left, and get into company front again. This 
movement became very popular and attracted considerable at- 
tention. Col. Hay took a liking to it. One day, a number of 
ladies and gentlemen from York visited the regimental head- 
quarters. The Colonel requested Company B to drill according 
to the new movement. Captain Detwiler determined to show 
off his command himself. 

The drilling place was a large open field, where he put the 
boys through the various movements of the drill with success, 
until Major Buehler said "Well done." Then he marched his 
company in fours to headquarters, where the portico was crowd- 
ed with visitors, who admired the movement of the troops as 
they came up the pike. When they moved in front of the visi- 
tors, the Captain with a certain lapse of memory shouted "Left 
into line," which all the boys knew was a mistake. Bent on 
some fun, they obeyed the command. A minute later the whole 
company was in confusion. 

"Tut, tut, what are you doing," exclaimed the bewildered cap- 
tain." 

"You gave the wrong command," squeaked the smallest boy 
in the ranks. But they went through the evolutions with ad- 
mirable effect afterward and then marched back to their quar- 
ters. 

The big Harper's Ferry muskets, each weighing about fifteen 
pounds, were too heavy and cumbersome. When they were fired 
off, they kicked like a small cannon. They were exchanged for 
the Austrian rifle. This was a much shorter and lighter gun 
and seemed like a toy in comparison to the old one. They fired 
a minie ball of small calibre. The following year Enfield rifles 
were supplied. Later came the famous Springfield muskets very 
extensively used by the army during the last two years of the war. 

The companies were all furnished with ammunition for 



21 

target shooting, which was frequently practiced, until a majority 
of the regiment became fairly good marksmen. Each man was 
required to stand in front of his company and fire at an object. 




GETTING READY FOR INSPECTION. 



Squad, platoon and company firing were also practiced. When 
the Austrian rifle with the elevated rear sight, was furnished the 
regiment, the men were taught to fire with different elevations 
of the rear sight. By means of this rear sight, a good aim could 
hit a target at distances ranging from 100 to 1,000 yards. 



22 

Company A remained at Melvale during the whole time the 
regiment was on guard duty along the railroad. A squad under 
Sergeant B. F. Frick, was stationed at Woodberry ; another squad 
in charge of Sergeant W. F. Zorger a short distance north of 
Melvale; still another under Corporal Denues at Mt. Washing- 
ton. This company being nearest Baltimore, received many vis- 
itors from the city. Like the other companies they erected 
frame barracks, two stories high. The bunks were on the sec- 
ond floor, cooking department down stairs, and the captain's 
office on the same floor. The men were all brought together 
for company drill. Captain Stahle continued the Zouave drill, 
and introduced new movements. Later, a regulation Zouave 
uniform was purchased, and then the company gave an exhibi- 
tion drill in Monument Square, Baltimore. It was witnessed by 
many spectators. Then they were invited to a flag raising in the 
12th ward. The regimental band was along and enlivened the 
occasion with excellent martial music. 

The drill of Company A, by the beat of the drum, in the hands 
of Frank Barnhart, was interesting. The "deaf and dumb" drill 
by which this company and some of the others went through 
the various evolutions without any command or signal, received 
favorable comment wherever witnessed. 

In all marches and exhibition drills bow-legged Harry Fink, 
the trained fifer of Company A, did his best ancl his music was 
highly appreciated. 

The musical club formed at Melvale was in demand on 
many occasions. This club was composed of B. F. Frick, W. F. 
Zorger, Captain Fahs, Jacob S. Upp, R. S. Slaymaker,C. A. Lau- 
master, Henry C. Pentz, Henry Shultz and Samuel Evans. 

Members from other companies joined it afterward and they 
made the welkin ring around the historic old town of Winches- 
ter, Va., during the winter of 1863. 

Rev. Dr. James A. Brown, who afterward became president of 
Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, was the first chaplain of 
the regiment. 'He conducted religious services regularly at 
Cockeysville, and at stated times, went to visit the different com- 



— 23 — 

panies and preach to them. Dr. Brown continued in the service 
until July 16, 1862, when he resigned, and became chaplain for 
the U. S. hospital at York. 

Major Buehler's wife spent several months of the winter and 
spring with her husband at Cockeysville. February 17 the regi- 
ment received pay for two months and the same day celebrated 
the surrender of Fort Donelson to Gen. Grant. John Kipp, of 
Company A went to Baltimore to receive instructions in taking 
care of the sick and wounded. Feb. 22, seven companies assem- 
bled in Baltimore, where Major Gillen, in behalf of Governor 
Curtin, presented the regiment with a beautiful state flag. The 
chaplain responded to the eloquent presentation speech. 

On the morning of May 30, eight companies of the regiment 
assembled at Cockeysville, and marched to Towsontown. For 
two hours the soldiers delighted a large crowd of people, by a 
military drill. The boys were in fine trim that day, and created 
a very good impression. There was a "grand Union celebra- 
tion," in the Court House in the evening. The interior of the 
building was decorated with numerous flags, wreaths, and spring 
flowers in rich profusion. The band under leadership of Cap- 
tain William Frey played patriotic selections, beginning and 
concluding the exercises with "The Star Spangled banner." The 
audience joined in singing this national air and great enthusiasm 
prevailed. The meeting was addressed by J. I. Stewart, of the 
Towson Bar. Before adjournment, handsome bouquets were 
presented to Col. Hay, Lieut. Col. Schall, Major Buehler and 
Adjutant Emmett. A banquet was given to the officers of the 
regiment and to the band. 

The following named soldiers died while the regiment was on 
duty along the railroad: Company A, Charles Dellinger and 
Samuel Miles; Company C, Henry Wagner; Company F, Ed- 
ward Seitz, Forrest Little and Samuel Wysotsky. Benjamin 
Snyder, of Company K, was killed by train. 

The roll of the 87th Band was as follows: William Frey, 
leader; John Lehr, Henry Blum, H. J. Frey, William Wygant, 
George Luff, John Frey, Jacob Gilbert, John Blum, William 



— 2 4 — 

Rupp, Edward Blauser, John Miller, Emanuel Frey, Calvin 
Gilbert, Theodore Slentz, John L. Sheffer, George Bush, Chris- 
tian Bender, John Zimmerman. The band was stationed at 
regimental headquarters at Cockeysville. It was a noted or* 
ganization, with an excellent reputation for discoursing fine mu- 
sic. While at Cockeysville, the members occupied a school 
house for their quarters. Each man was armed with a sword 
and a revolver. They had to perform guard duty and were re- 
quired to be on hand at dress parade, and take the lead in all 
marches.. The band was divided into three classes with regard 
to pay and rank. Four of them ranked as orderly sergeants, 
four as corporals, the balance as privates. They received their 
pay from the government, and when pay day came along, by mu- 
tual agreement the money was thrown together and divided 
equally among all members. 

Becoming tired of guard duty along the railroad.the regiment 
asked to be relieved. The request was granted and on May i8 : 
1862, all the companies rendezvoused at Hampden, three miles 
from Baltimore. Here, for the first time since entering the 
service, the entire regiment met and drilled. On May 24, they 
went into camp on McKim's hill, a short distance east of the 
present site of Union Station, Baltimore. Three days later the 
six right companies and a battery, under Col. Hay, were sent 
to Monocacy Bridge. They arrived there at 6 a. m. of the 29th. 
The roar of the enemy's guns was heard in the direction of Har- 
per's Ferry. After the danger of an invasion of Maryland had 
subsided, Colonel Hay and his men returned to McKim's hill, 
on June 9. 

The encampment at P3altimore was a centre of interest and 
attraction. It was the first opportunity the officers had to show 
how well the men had learned the art of war. Large crowds of 
people came to witness the exhibition drills and dress parades. 
The Baltimore "Clipper" of June 17 said: "The 87th Regiment 
Penn'a Volunteers in camp on McKim's Hill displays excel- 
lent training in drill and discipline. The conduct of the men since 
they have been in our city, has been such as to elicit the most 



2 

> 

o 

pa 

Z 
O 
> 

Q 

a 



— 25 — 

favorable comment. On Sunday afternoon last, the regiment 
on dress parade showed off to fine effect in the presence of a 
large assemblage of ladies and gentlemen of our city.'' 

But camp life at Baltimore was soon to end. Virginia was 
the battle ground for the armies in the East, and to some part 
of that State the regiment expected soon to go. It was the wish 
of the officers and men to be transferred to the seat of war. For 
no one now thought the war would end without a great struggle. 
Sad reflections filled the mind, but the true hearted and tender 
are among the bravest of men. When the hail of bullets swept 
the field, when shells shrieked and made hideous music above 
and around them, as those missiles of war did at Winchester, 
Spottsylvania, Cold Habor, Petersburg, Monocacy, Opequon and 
; Fisher's Hill, these same men marched to the front with faces 
: stern and lips firmly set. They were typica: of a class of pa- 
triots, from all over the North who volunteered 10 defend the 
country and the flag during the dark days of the Rebellion. 

On the evening of June 22, orders came to prepare to move 
the following morning; it was supposed to Harper's Ferry, but 
no one knew where. Tents and all camp equipments were to be 
sent to the Baltimore and Ohio Station, in the early morning. 
By 8 a. m. the regiment was on its way westward through Mary- 
land. After a short halt at Harper's Ferry, the train moved on 
to Martinsburg, and arrived at Hancock at 10 a. m. on the 24th. 

After stopping an hour or two at Cumberland, Maryland, the 
regiment was moved on to New Creek, then a village of half a 
dozen houses, in West Virginia, between Cumberland and 
Piedmont. On the site of New Creek has since been built the 
flourishing rown of Keyser. The regiment encamped on low 
ground between the Potomac river and the Baltimore and Ohio 
railroad. 

The 23rd Illinois, a regiment of good natured sons of Erin, 
were in camp near the A tents of the 87th. This command was 
known as the Irish Brigade, composed of 1400 men, including a 
battery, under command of Colonel Mulligan, a brave and chiv- 
alrous soldier, who succeeded Colonel Burnett in charge of the 



— 27 — 

post at New Creek, where a considerable supply of quartermas- 
ter's stores had been kept. 

The camping ground was low and unhealthy. A number of 
the men took sick and a few died of fever, among whom was 
Jonathan Barnitz, a descendant of General Michael Doudel. 
Both regiments then moved to higher ground, near Fort 
Fuller, which was being enlarged and made stronger. Details 
of men from both regiments were put to work to complete the 
fortifications. Lieutenant Hull, of Company E, and Captain 
Coffey, of the 23d Illinois, while out with a detail of men from 
their regiments working on the fort, met for the first time since 
the Mexican War where they had served in the same company. 

The 87th made a splendid appearance at battalion drill and 
dress parade soon after arriving at New Creek. The regimental 
band played some lively selections. The Irish Brigade observed 
the drill, and listened to the music with delight and admiration. 
Colonel Mulligan was called upon for a speech. His curly 
locks, green vest and splendid physique interested the boys as 
he stood before them, but his eloquent words of praise won 
their affections. He closed his address by saying: ''After see- 
ing so much that was good, Illinois surrenders to Pennsylvania.'' 

Colonel Mulligan was a native of Utica, New York, and at the 
opening of the war was a lawyer in Chicago, where he recruited 
his regiment. His entire command had been captured and pa- 
roled at Lexington, Missouri, in 1861. His life story is an in- 
spiring lesson on patriotism. Being fatally wounded in a charge 
on the Confederate lines near Winchester, Virginia, July 26,1864, 
his men attempted to carry him from the field; but seeing tnat 
the colors of his brigade were endangered, he said to them : 

"Lay me down and save the flag!" repeating the order when 
they hesitated. They obeyed, but before they returned, he was 
borne away by the enemy and died in their hands. Such was 
the fate of one of the bravest men of the Civdl War, who at the 
age of 33 gave his life to save his country. 

General Kelly, whose headquarters were at Cumberland, 
Maryland, reviewed the troops at New Creek. The place was 



— 28 — 

called Camp Jessie in honor of Jessie Benton, wife of General 
Fremont. The 8th Army Corps was created July 22, 1862. The 
troops at New Creek were placed in this corps under command 
of General John E. Wool, with headquarters at Baltimore. 

Blackberries were plentiful along the mountain side near New 
Creek. Some of the company cooks prepared delicious pud- 
dings with them. They proved to be a welcome change from 
the ordinary camp fire. A ration of flour was dealt out at times 
and with the flour other delicacies were made with the fruits 
and berries of the neighborhood.. 

During the night of July 29, an alarm was sounded by the 
pickets in the direction of Piedmont. Captain O'Rourke, com- 
manding the battery belonging to Mulligan's Brigade, thundered 
forth his guns and soon all the forces in Camp Jessie were in 
martial array. The forming of the line of battle was both ex- 
citing and amusing. Some men came into the ranks half dress- 
ed, some came without shoes, a few with one shoe, and no blouse. 
It was soon discovered to be a false alarm, and the pickets who 
gave it for a little fun, found themselves in the guard house for 
several days. 

Corporal Laumaster, of Company A, was given a detail of 
men from the 87th and the 23rd Illinois to remove some commis- 
sary supplies from one building to another. A jovial Irishman 
and some of his fellows smelt the odor of whiskey which was in 
a room they were not expected to enter. They got underneath 
the building, bored a hole through the floor and the base of the 
barrel. The ardent spirits flowed down into buckets, canteens 
and kettles. There was a lively time in Camp Jessie the next 
few days before the officers knew from what source the liquor 
was obtained. It was even said that some of the very good 
boys got into the guard house. 

The summer of 1862 was passing by and camp life on the 
banks of the Potomac River was soon to end. The succeeding 
chapter tells of the campaign in West Virginia. 



CHAPTER III. 



CAMPAIGNING IN WEST VIRGINIA BEVERLY CLARKSBURG 

ELKWATER CRAB BOTTOM. 



On the following day Gen. Kelley ordered eight companies oi 
the 87th Regiment, under Col. Hay, and one section of 
O'Rourke's battery, from New Creek to Rowlesburg, where they 
arrived at 2:30 p. m. of August 21. 

They at once began to march southward in the direction of 
St. George, the seat of justice of Tucker county, in search of the 
enemy. A caisson of ammunition slid down an embankment, a 
distance of seventy-five feet toward Cheat River. This accident 
caused an hour's delay and the party halted for the night around 
a small church, eight miles from Rowlesburg. Some of the men 
slept that night on the ground in a heavy rain. Tents and other 
camp equipments were left with Companies H and I at New 
Creek. 




UITE early in the morn- 
ing of August 20,informa- 
tion came to New Creek 
that a large band of guer- 
rillas under General Im- 
boden, was marching to- 
ward Rowlesburg, a vib 
lage in the mountain re- 
gion of Western Virginia. 
The enemy's desire was tc 
destroy the Baltimore and 
Ohio railroad bridge over 
Cheat River at that place. 



— 3 o — 

Early the next morning the party hastened to St. George, but 
Jmboden, after destroying the court records and robbing the 
post office, had left before their arrival. After marching five 
miles and fording Cheat River three times in that short distance 
they bivouacked in an open field. The line of march was taken 
up at 8 o'clock the next day. Crossed Cheat River again at 
Black's Ford and halted until noon at Hollow Meadows. 

"Here," says Sergeant Major Stallman in his diary, "we cap- 
tured a lot of chickens, geese and sheep. There was plenty of 




green corn near by and. the boys prepared a big feast which all 
enjoyed. 

"At i p. m. we recrossed the river and marched to Carrick's 
.Kord, where the Confederate General Garnett was killed in an 
engagement with General McClellan in 1861. 

"We crossed the river again, then went west over the Laurel 
mountain, arriving at New Interest, a small village in Randolph 
county, and encamped in a large field. We crossed Cheat River 
five times to-day. The men grew very tired. 

"The sky was clear and the weather warm. The next daywhen 
we took up the line of march and soon arrived at Beverly, which 



— 3i — 

was a pretty town of fifty houses before the war. We found 
about one-third of the dwelling houses unoccupied, and our boys 
took possession of them. 

''Today we met a battery and detachments of an Ohio and a 
West Virginia regiment. We are still without tents, using only 
blankets for shelter at night. A number of guerrillas are report- 
ed to be near us. Our camp at Beverly was at the head of Tygart 
valley,20 paces from the Tygart Valley river. On the 27th of Au- 
gust we took possession of the. county jail for our headquarters. 
The next day we received fresh bread and beef which pleased all 
the boys, for we had to eat mess pork and hard tack for several 
days. In the evening Gen. Kelley reviewed the brigade 
encamped here. It was composed of the 87th Pennsylvania, two 
companies of the 10th West Virginia four companies of the 86th 
Ohio, Ringgold's Cavalry from Somerset county, Pennsylvania, 
and a battery. 

"Col. Hay was placed in command of this post, and Lieut. Mar- 
tin, of Co. I,was made post adjutant. The following day our regi- 
ment, went into Beverly and again took possession of all the 
•empty houses. At 2 p. m. three companies of our regiment were 
ordered to protect a bridge, three miles from Beverly, and Com 
pany K was sent with a train of pack mules to Dry Forks, twen • 
ty-hve miles distant. Both parties were away two days, and re- 
turned to Beverly Aug. 31. 

"The next day we heard that the enemy under Col Jenkins took 
possession of Buckhannon, where they destroyed the court rec- 
ords and robbed the post office. An attack is expected soon 
and we are making preparations to meet the enemy. Today 'we 
received the news that Companies H and I had been on their way 
to Beverly with our camp equipments, but were obliged to re- 
treat back to Clarksburg on account of Jenkins' raid on Buck- 
hannon. 

"This band of guerrillas the next day made a raid on Weston, 
and destroyed considerable property in that town. During this 
movement of the enemy Companies H and I hastened with the 
wagon trains to join the regiment. They were expected to ar- 



— 32 — 

rive at Beverly September 5. Early in the morning of that day 
Company A marched six miles out from Beverly to the top of 
Rich Mountain, where they met the two companies and Wagon- 
master Hamme with the regimental teams. They all arrived at 
Beverly at 3 p. m. and received a hearty welcome." 

The boys at once put up tents at the edge of town, near a 
church which was used as a hospital. In a neat little cottage 
near the church, a woman of marked intelligence resided. Her 
name was Mrs. Arnold. She often visited the invalid soldiers 
m the church, and brought them nourishing food. With tender 
solicitude for their welfare, she took a few of the sick into her 
own home. Two members of the regiment, on guard at the 
church, one day thanked her for the interest she was taking in 
their sick comrades. 

"I am only doing my duty," she said. Then they talked about 
the second battle of Bull Run, which had been fought a few days 
before, when many soldiers on both sides were killed and wound- 
ed. 

"My brother is an officer on the other side, but I hope he is 
safe. He thinks he is right, but I am in favor of the Union," 
continued Mrs. Arnold. 

"Who is your brother?" asked the guard. 

"General Jackson; he is called Stonewall Jackson now," and 
she moved into the hospital to give comfort and encouragement 
to the sick soldiers there. Mrs. Arnold visited the camp of the 
regiment when at Webster in May, 1863. This was soon after 
the death of her brother who was killed at Chancellorsville. 

Colonel Hay was given charge of the post at Beverly. On 
Sept. 6, Lieutenant Colonel Schall was ordered by General Kel- 
ley "to proceed with the 87th Regiment and one section of Mauls- 
by's Battery to Elk Water and occupy the fortifications at that 
place." Elk Water is 20 miles south of Beverly. They started 
at 7 a. m. Sunday, Sept. 7, and marched nine miles to a little 
church on the banks of a small stream. Here they rested till 3 
p. m. and then proceeded through the site of Huttonville which 
had been destroyed by Federal troops some time before. They 



— 33 — 

arrived at Elk Water at 8 p. m. The boys found plenty of good 
apples on the march. Elk Water fortifications were situated in 
a picturesque region, surrounded on all sides by high moun- 
tains. Tygart river, the boys found to be well supplied with 
mountain trout, and other fish. Company C was sent on a scout 
six miles up a narrow valley. They returned to camp at 4 p. 
m., having seen no rebels but caught 100 fine trout. Col. Jen- 
kins and his men had left Elk Water two days before. On the 
9th Companies A and B were sent out as a scouting party, and 
the following day Company D made a circuit of sixteen miles 
and returned in the evening. 

September 12 Colonel Schall received the following dispatch 
from Kelley. "Our troops have been defeated on the Kanawha 
and are retreating down that river. You will therefore fall back 
to Beverly without delay. Destroy your tents." On the same 
day Col. Hay at Beverly was ordered "to get all troops at Cheat 
Mountain, Elk Water, Beverly and Dry Forks, and march by 
road to Webster without delay." Col. Schall had sent Company 
E on a scout. They did not return until later in the evening.Af- 
ter burning all the tents, they had with them, the regiment 
formed in line, at 1 1 130 p. m. and marched all that very dark 
night in a heavy rain, arriving at Beverly at 8 a. m. Some of 
the boys had eaten too many fish at Elk Water. They took 
sick and were sent back under the care of Assistant Surgeon 
McKinney. 

At 4 p. m. on the 13th a forced march from Beverly to Web- 
ster began. Col. Hay was in command of the troops in this 
movement. After going 8 miles they bivouacked for the night 
at the foot of Laurel Mountains. Broke camp at 6 a. m., crossed 
the mountain, marched 22 miles and reached Phillippi, the 
county seat of Barbour county, at 7 p. m. Here General Kelley 
had been wounded in one of the earliest engagements of the 
war. At 1 p. m. the 87th arrived at Webster, where they heard 
that Harper's Ferry had been captured by the enemy and the 
great battle of Antietam was going on. Gen. Kelley went to 
New Creek. In the forenoon of the 16th, he telegraphed to Coh 



— 34 — 

Hay to proceed at once to Clarksburg with his own command, 
the Ringgold cavalry, and Maulsby's battery, and report to Col. 
Wilkinson in command of that post. 

They quartered at Clarksburg in tents laiely left by the Irish 
Brigade which command had returned to New Creek. The 
regiment remained thirty days in this camp, during which time 
pay for two months was received. The people of Clarksburg 
were loyal to the Union and showed many acts of kindness to- 
ward all Federal troops. Lieutenant Martin, of Company I, was 
acting adjutant during the absence of Adjutant Emmitt, at 
York, on recruiting service. Colonel Hay drilled some of the 
West Virginia regiments. 

A recruit was received by Company D from the mountain re- 
gion of West Virginia. After a few days drill the orderly ser- 
geant selected him with a detail of men to go on picket duty. 

"What," said the mountaineer, "I can't go. Its dangerous to 
be near those guerrillas, and there are lots of them in the woods. 
They think nothing of shooting a fellow. No, sir, you won't 
get me near 'em on picket duty. I want to go with a big army." 

"Captain," said the sergeant, "here's a man won't go on 
picket duty." 

"Are you sick?" asked the captain in his kindest tone. 

"No, sir," answered the recruit, as he gave the military salute. 

"Then why don't you go," 

"Well, captain, the truth is I am afraid to stand out alone. My 
father is brave, and so is my brother. Both are in the army. 
But I would like to go home." 

"Guess that's the place for you," said Capt. Ruhl, who se- 
cured his dismissal from the service. 

October 3 Adjutant Emmitt arrived in camp with forty-five 
recruits from York, Dallastown and vicinity. Among them was 
George Chalfant who joined the mess of Seigeants Shultz, Zor- 
ger, Frick, Upp and Wagonmaster Hamme. 

On Sunday, October 19 General R. H. Milroy reviewed ^he 
troops at Clarksburg which were then placed in his command 
and designated the Cheat Mountain division of the 8th Army 



— 35 — 

Corps. He delivered an address to the 87th Regiment and was 
enthusiastically applauded. He told them they would have more 
hard marching very soon. Two days later he gave orders to 
move to Buckhannon, thirty miles from Clarksburg. They 
marched 14 miles in the crisp, cool air and bivouacked for the 
night in an open field, where some of the boys engaged in ath- 
letic sports. 

"While passing through the village of "Bull Skin" a man, 
bowed down with the infirmities of age, with wonder and as- 
tonishment gazed upon the flag carried by the color bearer. It 
was the first time he had seen the Stars and Stripes. But he 
knew nothing about the war or the cause of troops marching by 
his home. 

Fifteen miles was the next day's march, through a beautiful 
and romantic valley near the centre of which nestled the inter- 
esting little town of Buckhannon, the seat of justice of Upshur 
county. Jenkins and his guerrillas had made a raid into this 
quiet and peaceful community, some weeks before. They had 
destroyed valuable property and then "skedaddled'' into the 
mountains, which afforded excellent lurking places to avoid open 
collision with the Union forces. This mountain region had 
been traversed by McClellan and Rosecrans, the year before 
The former had defeated the enemy's forces under Garnett, and 
captured 1,000 prisoners, at Carrick's Ford. He then telegraphed 
to Washington that "Secession is killed in Western Virginia." 
But Jenkins and Imboden still roamed over this country in the 
fall of 1862, and General Milroy determined to drive them out. 

The affluents of the Monongahela and the Kanawha rivers di- 
vided this region into many narrow valleys. The country was 
Alpine in its character. The roads were few and narrow, and 
almost impassable. The dense growth of underbrush in many 
places made it difficult even for skirmishers, and it was not pos- 
sible for troops and trains to move elsewhere than in the narrow 
roads. Large cannon could not be utilized in some localities. 
Mountain howitzers of light weight were used. They were 



- 36 - 

sometimes tied on the backs of mules and in that way taken 
across the steepest ridges and mountains. 

The little village of Buckhannon, which in its best days did 
not have more than 400 inhabitants, now became a place of ren- 
dezvous for a large part of Milroy's Division. When the 87th 
arrived, on Tuesday, October 20, there were only four companies 
of the 1 2th West Virginia Regiment encamped there. The 2d 
West Virginia came two days later, and on that day Col. Hay 
was given command of the post. The 9th and the 3d West 
Virginia Regiments came Oct. 23, and at 4 p. m. of the same 
day General Milroy and his staff rode into camp. He was given 
three hearty cheers. Next came the 123d and the 116th Ohio 
Regiments and two West Virginia batteries. The 2d and the 
9th West Virginia Regiments departed for Beverly on the 28th. 

The First Brigade of Milroy's Division was composed of the 
123d Ohio, commanded by Col. Keiffer (who afterward became 
Speaker of the House of Representatives at Washington), the 
1 2th West Virginia, the 87th Pennsylvania and a battery. Col. 
Hay was made brigade commander. Oct. 31 the boys were paid 
for two months, and the next day the 12th West Virginia went 
to Beverly. 

The 87th received bran new Sibley tents and the following day 
started on a march to Beverly, expecting soon to meet the 
enemy somewhere in the mountains of West Virginia. They 
had good roads for 12 miles, and then halted for the night at 
Middle Forks. Each company had its wagon on this march. 
The one belonging to Company I broke down and did not arrive 
in camp until 3 a. m. of the next morning. 

The sun rose behind dense clouds on that Sunday, but at 6:30 
o'clock the line was formed, and the regiment marched in steady 
columns to the top of Rich Mountain. The drum corps under 
Musician Kraus did its best to spur up the boys 011 the march. 

It was on the top of Rich Mountain, (where the regiment was 
now resting after eating a dinner of beef, beans and hard tack) 
that General McClellan had fought one of the first battles of the 
war. The boys looked around over the battle field and saw 



— 37 — 

where the Union dead were buried in a garden, and the Confed- 
erates in a level place near by. The sun came out from behind 
the clouds and lit up the hills and \ alleys beneath. It was an 
interesting sight to the soldier boys, who from this elevated 
position could see through the clear atmosphere into the dim 
distance. The view was magnificent, for the scenery was both 
romantic and picturesque. In the evening the boys pitched 
their new Sibley tents on the old camping ground by the village 
of Beverly. 

On November 4 a difficulty arose between the camp guards 
belonging to a West Virginia regiment, and a squad of the 87th 
Regiment who wanted to go into town. One of the excited Vir- 
ginians who had been hit with a brick, fired a shot which mor- 
tally wounded Abraham Fox, of Co. E, and Albert T. Barnes, 
of Co. H. The ball passing through one and lodging in 
the other. They both died within two days. It was an un- 
fortunate affair and caused a bad feeling for a time between the 
two regiments. The influence of the officers over their men 
prevented a bloody encounter between the troops. 

The long tedious marches were more than Col. Hay could 
endure. He became disabled at Beverly and returned to York 
Nov. 6, remaining one month for rest and recuperation. On 
the same day orders were given by General Milroy to prepare 
for a vigorous campaign in pursuit of the enemy, who had been 
raiding through the country to the southeast of Beverly, toward 
the Shenandoah Valley. 

The 87th Pennsylvania, the 9th and 12th West Virginia, two 
companies of cavalry and a battery were to form an expedition 
under command of Col. Latham, of the 12th West Virginia, as 
acting brigadier general. This force was to go in three direc- 
tions, and eventually to meet at the head of Crab Bottom, a nar- 
row little valley in Highland county, 40 miles from Beverly. 

Three companies of the 12th West Virginia and one company 
of cavalry were to go by way of Elk Water ; the 9th West Vir- 
ginia and one company of cavalry by way of Franklin; seven 



- 3 8 - 

companies of the 12th West Virginia, the 87th Pennsylvania and 
a battery were to go directly southeast over the Staunton pike. 

Col. Latham accompanied the last mentioned party. At 10 
a. m., Nov. 6, they started and the 87th halted for the night after 
a march of 14 miles, at the foot of Cheat Mountain. Col. Schall 
and Sergeant Major Stallman bunked together in a haunted 
house which had been deserted. Col. Latham and his staff oc- 
cupied an adjoining room. They slept well and none of them 
saw ghosts or heard spooks. 

At 7 a. m. next day they began to climb the steep ascent of the 
mountain over a narrow road. It had snowed all forenoon, and 
still the white flakes were coming down. Four inches had fallen, 
and now covered the mountain from base to summit. It was a 
romantic sight for the vanguard to behold the columns of boys 
in blue, moving around the winding road on their way to the 
mountain top. And now they halted to prepare their dinners 
of beef, coffee and hard tack on the site where some of General 
Rosecrans' men had wintered the year before. Their log cabins 
were still there, as well as other traces of the encampment. 

It was easier for the wagons, as well as the soldiers, to come 
down Cheat Mountain than to ascend it. A march of eight miles 
brought them to the base of the eastern slope. They were 
passing through the county of Pocahontas, an historic name, and 
after crossing Greenbrier river stopped on the banks of the 
stream,* -The weather was very cold. Two diarists record that 
water froze in the canteen while crossing the mountain. It had 
ceased snowing for a time, but began again towards evening. 
After supper was eaten the soldiers looked over to the east and 
beheld the Alleghenies, still higher mountains to be crossed the 
next day. Company I, which had been in the lead, captured a 
rebel lying by a fire fast asleep. He claimed to be a deserter. 

Greenbrier Valley was almost' deserted by its inhabitants. 
Some of the officers of the regiment found a house near the 
camp in which they slept. Most of the men sat around the 
campfire till daylight. A few wrapped themselves up in their 
blankets, and slept underneath tents made of spruce bushes, 



which protected them from the falling snow. At 6 a. m. the 
bugler and the lifers found their instruments frozen up. 
The drummers aroused the camp. The march began at day- 
break. It was twenty-one miles to Crab Bottom, the place of 
destination. The snow was still coming down and the Allegheny 
mountains had to be crossed that day. 

At ii a. m. the moving columns reached the summit of the 
mountains and the men cooked their dinners around some fortifi- 
cations. The enemy had their winter quarters here one year be- 
fore. Their log cabins were still standing. A torch was applied 




SITTING AROUND THE CAMP FIRES. 



to some of them, and the men warmed themselves around the 
roaring fires. The weather was intensely cold. They did not 
want to leave the comfortable place, but in time of war orders 
must be obeyed. The mountain was crossed, and Col. Latham, 
with his two regiments, one battery, and ten wagons, arrived at 
Hightown, better known throughout the surrounding country 
as "Crab Bottom," at 5 p. m. of that eventful Saturday, Novem- 



— 4 o — 

ber 8, 1862, after completing one of the hardest and most ro- 
mantic day's marches experienced by the regiment during the 
three years of its service. 

The storm king came down upon them with unrelenting fury 
all day. It had snowed incessantly for two days and one night. 
It is doubtful whether the veterans at V alley Forge under Wash- 
ington during the Revolution, endured the rigors of winter,more 
heroically than did the hardy sons of Pennsylvania and West 
Virginia in this memorable campaign through the Alpine region 
of the Old Dominion. They took up their quarters in comfort- 
able cabins, built by the Confederates under Col. Johnson, a 
year before. 

Crab Bottom is at the head of a pretty little valley of the same 
name. The inhabitants, before the war, were a happy and con- 
tented people, who prospered fairly well in raising cattle and 
in cultivating their fields and gardens. Early in 1861, the doc- 
trine of secession had been preached all through this region by 
emissaries from Richmond and the Shenandoah Valley. Most of 
the men in Crab Bottom had cast their lot with the Confederacy, 
and had become the worst bushwhackers of the Civil War. Some 
of them had gone so far as to destroy the homes and firesides 
of their neighbors who were Union sympathizers. Many had 
fled from the valley when the 87th reached there on November 8. 

Col. Schall was requested to ask for forty volunteers from his 
regiment, who were to accompany a noted Union scout, by the 
name of Slaton and do whatever he demanded of them. The 
object of sending this party was to make a careful search 
throughout the valley, capture all bushwhackers they might 
come across and lay waste their homes. Slaton and his men 
started early in the morning of November 10. While standing 
on a porch talking to a farmer and his wife, "bang" went a rifle in 
the hands of a bushwhacker a few hundred yards away. The 
ball passed through the crowd and imbedded itself in the weath- 
er-boarding of the house. Then they started in pursuit of the 
man who fired the shot but he escaped. 

They divided themselves into two squads, scoured the coun- 



— 41 — 

try and burned the houses of two of the worst guerrillas, known 
to Slaton who had been a resident of the valley. They found a 
depot of supplies belonging to the enemy, containing some hams, 
about 1 200 pounds of butter and some honey, and they captured 
one rebel scout. 

One of the last places that they stopped was at the house of 
the leader of a noted band of guerrillas. He was not at home, 
but his wife, a comely woman of fair intelligence and pleasant 
manners met the men at the front door step. 

"Where is your husband?" inquired Slaton in stern tones. 

"He is not at home," she responded. 

"Your husband is the head of a gang of bushwhackers," re- 
plied the leader of the scouting party, "and we must punish him 
for what he is doing." 

"What you say may be true, but why should I suffer for his 
conduct?" And then with all the fervor of her womanly nature, 
she plead with them not to apply the torch. The stern heart 
of Slaton was touched. Turning to his associates, he said: 

"Come along boys. Let the house stand. I am ready to obey 
orders to capture the cowardly bushwhackers, but we will not 
punish innocent women." They returned to camp as the shades 
of evening were falling over the encampment at Crab Bottom, 
and reported to headquarters. 

Col. Latham in command of the brigade at Crab Bottom or- 
dered Major Buehler, of the 87th, with Company A, Capt. Stahle; 
Company B, Capt. Detwiler; and Company C, Captain Fulton, to 
proceed to Franklin, with four days rations for themselves and 
supplies for the 9th West Virginia Regiment whose men were 
reported to be without rations for two days. That region had no 
Union sympathizers and much of the country had been laid waste. 

They left on Sunda> morning, November 9, went ten miles 
through what was termed in those days "a regular secesh coun- 
try," and found quarters for the first night in barracks built by 
Imboden's men. They captured a lot of fine turkeys, chickens 
and geese and at once began to dress the fowls for supper. Oth- 
ers were engaged in killing sheep and calves for the same pur- 



— 4 2 — 

pose, while still others came into camp with butter by the firkin 
and honey by the box. An enthusiastic forager was coming 
with a hive of bees. The weather had become warm that day, 
and the busy little bees wanted to know what kind of an excur- 
sion they were going on ; so they found their way out of the hive 
and began to sting their captor in real earnest. He dropped the 




A BIG ROOSTER FOR MAJOR BUEHLER. 



hive, and hastened into camp with a hundred bees following 
to pay their respects to him and his comrades. 
Major Buehler looked up and said: 

"The boy didn't seem to know his gun was loaded. Wonder if 
he could run that fast if the Rebels were after him." 

"Soon the savory smell of roast lamb, fried veal in butter, ten- 
der chicken, and delicious young turkey, filled every nook and 
corner of the camp. 



— 43 — 

"We'll call this "Camp Good," said the funny man of Com- 
pany C," "for even the old goose that I cooked is tender," he 
continued. 

The Major looked a little ser- 
ious, but thought to himself: 

"This is the first opportunity for 
a long while that the boys have 
had to prepare such a meal. This 
is a time of war and we are 
not influenced much by sentiment 
these days. The people from 
whom these fowls were taken are 
our enemies." But he looked a 
little more puzzled than usual. 

After a sound refreshing sleep, 
bow-legged Harry Fink, "the pied 
piper," of Company A, was sent 
around the camp to wake up the 
men for the march. At 10 a. m. 
they met the Virginia regiment, 
and supplied the men with rations, 
including some of the turkeys, 
chickens, mutton and veal cap- 
tured on the way. Glad indeed, 

they were to get the provisions, and they made the welkin ring 
with hearty cheers upon the arrival of Major Buehler and his 
men. 

Captain Stahle with Company A went in search of "some per- 
sonal property useful in time of war." He returned to camp in 
the evening with 112 head of cattle and twenty-five horses as 
trophies of the day's work. 

The three companies and the 9th West Virginia arrived at 
Crab Bottom on the evening of the 12th. General Milroy and 
his staff had arrived on the nth. 

On Wednesday, November 12, Colonel Schall with 300 men 
including Company D, Captain Ruhl; Company E, Captain 




HE DIDN T KNOW IT 
WAS LOADED. 



— 44 — 

Meyers; Company F, Captain Adair; Company G, Lieutenant 
Morningstar; Company I, Captain Pfeiffer; and Company K, 
Captain Albright, received orders to go south to Franklin, a dis- 
tance of 28 miles. Col. Latham with 250 men of the 12th West 
Virginia Regiment, went over another road the following day. 
Col. Schall and his men were only 40 miles from Staunton and 
from the hilltops on their march, could look down into the his- 
toric valley of Virginia, the region of exciting scenes for the 
boys the following summer. The next day they marched down 
the east fork of the Potomac, then went over to the West Branch 
of that stream, and crossed the North Fork Mountains, going a 
distance of 18 miles, and rested for the night in an open field. 

Friday, November 14, was a warm day. The snow had melted 
and the roads were muddy. The movement down the river was 
begun at early dawn. When they arrived at Seneca Branch 
Col. Schall directed the wagons to go northward toward Web- 
ster by way of St. George, through one of the narrow valleys 
between the mountains. After the men filled their haversacks 
with three days rations, and rolled up their blankets on their 
backs, they were ready for the march across the mountain ridges. 

They were moving in a northwesterly direction toward Bever- 
ly, where the tents and baggage had been left November 6, when 
they went to Crab Bottom. 

At Dry Forks they met the 12th West Virginia Regiment 
which had just arrived from Franklin. After finding a place 
to bivouac for the night three fat steers were slaughtered in 
preparation for a big feast for the 600 men under Colonels Lath- 
am and Schall now resting here. But the wagons were gone 
and so were the company cooks. Neither skillet, pan, nor pot 
to cook the savory meat, was accessible in this wild mountain 
region. So the men prepared fine fillets of beef, stuck sharrj 
pointed sticks into them and held them over the blazing fires 
made of hickory wood. The Virginia boys furnished the salt, 
and a fine supper of beef, crackers and cofifee, was relished b^ 
the hungry men. There was enough to satisfy the most rav- 
enous appetites. 



— 45 — 

The next day's march began at 6 a. m. It was twenty-five 
miles to Beverly across the Cheat and the Allegheny mountains. 
As there were no guerrillas in this region, the men turned their 
attention to the romantic scenery. Sergeant Major Stallman as- 
serts in his diary that he saw a huge rock 850 feet high and 250 
broad, standing upright along the mountain side. It was an im- 
posing sight and excited the wonder and astonishment of all the 
soldiers. Now came dense thickets and only narrow paths over 
which the men could march, often in single file. 

The saddest and most unfortunate accident of these long 
marches in Virginia occurred on November 15. They were 
crossing the mountain by a narrow path, often moving in single 
file, sometimes through a thick undergrowth of trees and bushes. 
John Q. Colehouse, of Company F, whose home was at Littles- 
town, Adams county, Pa., was killed by accident. The hammer 
of a comrade's Springfield rifle caught in the bushes. He turn- 
ed around to disentangle it when the gun went off. The ball 
passed through the rolled up blanket on the soldier's back and 
lodged in his brain. He died instantly. His comrades dug a 
grave with their bayonets, wrapped his body in his blanket — a 
soldier's winding sheet, and buried his remains on the mountain 
top. The drummer boy beat the dead soldier's last tattoo, the 
fifers of Companies F and I, played a solemn dirge and the col- 
umn moved onward. A few comrades remained behind and 
placed a stone at the head of his grave. 

When Col. Schall and his men were within five miles of Bev- 
erly, a courier came from General Milroy with orders for them 
to bivouac for the night four miles east of the town, which was 
then full of soldiers, preparing for a forced march to Webster. 
Early the next morning, they took up the line of march, met the 
other three companies at Beverly, obtained their tents, and pro- 
ceeded toward Phillippi. 

Companies A, B, C and H had remained at Crab Bottom two 
days after the departure of the other companies for Franklin. 
Sixty men of this detachment were detailed to accompany Slaton, 
the scout, up the Black Creek Valley to capture some guerrillas, 



- 46 - 

who were lurking in that region. If they could not find the men, 
they were to seize all cattle seen on the way. They captured 
26 head of cattle on the farm of Captain Garman, of the Con- 
federate Army, who happened to be home. Upon the approach 
of Slaton and his men, the Captain mounted a horse, and soon 
disappeared from sight. There was a lively chase after him by 
b'laton and two mounted men, but the Captain had the fleetest 
horse and escaped. 

When the regiment arrived at Crab Bottom on the evening of 
November 9, they took Captain Evans and his squad of men 
prisoners. These men together with other prisoners captured by 
scouting parties, 54 in all, were put in charge of Lieutenant John 
Fahs, of Company A, who was appointed acting provost marshal 
by General Milroy. They were marched with the regiment to 
Webster. 

During the few days that the regiment remained at Crab 
Bottom, scouting parties captured 52 horses and 300 cattle. The 
four companies left for Beverly, and arrived there at noon of the 
15th. Here they expected to rest for a while but the following 
morning joined the regiment in the forced march toward Web- 
ster. The roads were very muddy, but they marched 26 miles 
by sunset and then pitched their tents five miles south of Phil- 
lippi. 

"But," says Sergeant Lewis Frey,in his diary/'we had nothing 
to eat; our wagons were far back, trudging along in the mud. in 
fact we were all mud up to our knees ourselves. Finally one 
of our teams came with crackers. We had nothing but hard tack 
for supper. Had no kettles to cook coffee, and we slept without 
blankets that night. They were back on our wagons, some of 
which were fast in the mud. It rained the next day. We reach- 
ed Webster at 2 p. m. where we found many soldiers in camp. 
Our teams did not reach Webster till noon of the 18th. Many 
of us slept the night before in empty houses, or wherever we 
could find shelter. At 3 p. m. we left over the Baltimore and 
Ohio railroad for New Creek and arrived there at 2 a. m., and 
pitched our tents further up the hill than we were when we left 



- 47 — 

m August. The ic6th New York Regiment had taken posses- 
sion of our old camping ground." 

The act of Congress allowing, under pay of the government, 
only one band to a brigade, went into effect Sept. 2, 1862. The 
regiment was then at Clarksburg. The 87th band was ordered 
to Cumberland. Maryland, where the members were discharged. 
They returned to York September 12. 

Soon after the regiment came back to New Creek Captain 
Fulton, of Company Cwas appointed Colonel of the 166th Regi- 
ment, and Major Buehler Colonel of the 165th Regiment of 
Pennsylvania militia. 

"On the evening of November 19," says George Chalfant, of 
Company A, "the Irish Brigade marched through our company 
streets in honor of our return to camp. Their excellent drum 
corps headed the procession. Such loud and enthusiastic cheer- 
ing I never heard before. The following evening, our boys re- 
turned the compliment. We carried transparencies with inter- 
esting mottoes on them. Our drum corps did its best. Then 
Colonel Mulligan mounted a stand and delivered an address, 
full of patriotic sentiment, and warm-hearted Irish fervor 
Our boys gave him and his regiment three times three hearty 
cheers and marched back to our quarters. The force of nearly 
12,000 troops in Camp Jessie were reviewed by Generals Milroy,- 
Cluseret and Kelley on November 22. To us it was an imposing 
sight. Our regiment had to stand in a plowed field. It was a 
cold day. YVe all wore overcoats and gloves. 

There are in camp here 12 regiments of infantry, three full bat- 
teries and six companies of cavalry. There are five West Vir- 
ginia, one Pennsylvania, one New York, one Illinois and four 
Ohio regiments here. We are formed into three brigades,, 
commanded respectively by Gen. Cluseret, Col. Washburn and 
Col. Mulligan. Our regiment wanted to go in Mulligan's com- 
mand, but Gen. Milroy, who commanded the division, would not 
•consent. We are now in the First Brigade, commanded by Gen. 
Cluseret. Col. Hay returned to the regiment December 6th. 

When Gen. Cluseret. who was a Frenchman bv birth and ed- 



- 4 8 — 

ucation, took command of his brigade he prepared an address 
in his native language. It was translated into English and 
read to each regiment of the brigade, by the adjutant. The 
document, a part of which is given below, show T s a spirit of lofty 
patriotism, somewhat marred by the egotism of the author, who 
wanted to pose as a modern Lafayette. 

"Soldiers," said he in this address, "By the confidence of 
the Government, I have been called to command you. In me 
you will find the old soldier of Africa, of the Crimean war and 
the war in Italy. Twenty-two years of service and fourteen 
years of war have taught me to be daunted at nothing, and to 
fear nothing. 

"As soldiers we must learn how to suffer and how to fight. 
Danger, privations, marches; these are my promises to you. 
But I also promise you victory, and a speedy return to your 
hearths and your homes with the blessings of your families, and 
the plaudits of the nation." 

"Soldiers," he continued, "place your confidence in our brave 
Gen. Milroy, and in me; rely upon yourselves, but do not forget 
that there is a God of battles, who alone bestows victory to the 
defenders of country and liberty. 

"Let the old war cry of France 'en avant' be our rallying cry in 
America." 

Authentic records show that Cluseret had acquired a good 
military education. He had commanded a company of grena- 
diers in Algiers, and fought under Garibaldi in Italy, being pro- 
moted in i860 for gallantry at the siege of Capua, where he was 
wounded. Before coming to New Creek, he had served on the 
staff of both McClellan and Fremont, with the rank of Colonel, 
and had taken part under the latter at the battle of Cross Keys. 



/ 



CHAPTER IV. 



FROM NEW CREEK TO WINCHESTER. 

9;E brigade of Milroy's division, 
tinder command of Gen. Cluseret.m 
the afternoon of December 5, re- 
ceived orders to move the next day 
toward Petersburg, Moorefield and 
Winchester. In the evening the 
ic6th Xew York Regiment, headed 
by their military band, marched 
through the company streets of the 
87th to show their high apprecia- 
tion of the Pennsylvania boys. In 
the memorable campaign of 1864 
these two regiments met again, 
served in the same brigade of the 6th Corps, and fought side by 
side in a dozen battles. 

When reveille was beat, before daylight of the 6th, three 
inches of snow covered the ground, and the white flakes were 
still coming down. The march began at 8 a. m., and as the line 
moved up the incline of the narrow valley, Captain O'Rourke's 
men fired a parting salute with the new siege guns on Fort 
Fuller. 

The brigade, composed of nearly 4000 men, moved in the fol- 
lowing order: A squadron of cavalry, the 9th, 10th and 12th 
West Virginia regiments, section of battery, wagon train, 87th 
Pennsylvania and 1226. Ohio regiments. The soldiers in blue 
were soon covered with a mantle of white, and the high wind 
blew the large flakes into the faces of the moving column. Pass- 




— 5 o — 

ing through Ridgeville and Burlington, after a march of thirteen 
miles, the brigade bivouacked for the night in an open field, 
and called the place "Camp Snow." Through some mistake 
the 87th Pennsylvania Regiment was not provided with sugar 
and coffee, two articles necessary to make a soldier com- 
fortable and contented. Just as the shades of evening were fall- 
ing a four horse team came up the road through six inches of 
snow. The driver brought with him the following letter, char- 
acteristic of the chivalrous soldier who wrote it: 

Headquarters Irish Brigade, 
New Creek, Dec. 6, 1862. 

Dear Col. Schall: — • 

Accompanying this find our blessing, our best wishes and two 
days rations of sugar and coffee for your gallant regiment. We 
learned too late of your deficiency, or would have supplied you 
upon starting. Our officers and men send yon this offering, 
with instructions to send us word whenever you need either 
rations or bayonets, and you shall have them with our hearts and 
•our arms, double quick. 

Wishing yourself and your splendid 87th victory and God's 
blessing. I am faithfully, 

James A. Mulligan. 

The brigade struck tents before day, marched seventeen miles 
and encamped within eleven miles of Petersburg. Reports came 
into camp that the enemy, 3000 strong, under Imboden, had 
just left that town. 

December 8 was clear and cold. The large force in line tramp- 
ed down the snow, and the marching for all, except for the van- 
guard, was fairly good. After crossing the South Branch of the 
Potomac on the ice the expedition reached Petersburg at noon. 
Company A, under Captain Stahle, was sent out on picket. The 
men in camp built fires and sat around them during the night, 
for the weather was bitter cold. 

Petersburg was the most forlorn looking town the boys had 
yet seen in West Virginia. Everything was in a dilapidated 



— 51 — 

condition. All able-bodied men were in the Confederate army. 
The women, boys and old men gazed reproachfully at the "Yanks'' 
as they marched through town to the music of the Union. 

General Cluseret and his men had now gone 42 miles from 
New Creek in a southwesterly direction. They remained in 
camp at Petersburg for several days. Scouting parties were sent 
out in search of the enemy. Foraging was supposed to be pro- 
hibited but officers did not prevent it. A captain saw one of his 




OFTEN THE CASE. 



men come into camp with a ham on his back and one under his 
arm. Some brought in fine chickens and turkeys. The officers 
each got a share and everybody was happy. A member of Com- 
pany K captured some small pigs and roasted them whole. Two 
boys of Company I brought in a full grown pig and slaughtered 
it in camp. 

Gen. Milroy and staff arrived from New Creek on the nth. Be- 
fore leaving that camp he ordered Col. Hay to remain at New 
Creek, until further orders with general supervision of matters 
at that post. 

On the 12th Cluseret sent the 87th as a scouting party on the 
Franklin Road. They went 12 miles, finding no enemy, faced 
about and returned to Petersburg. 



— 52 — 

On the night of the 14th a cavalryman came into camp with 
the unwelcome news that Burnside had been defeated at Fred- 
ericksburg and lost 12,000 men in killed, wounded and missing 
the day before. 

On the 16th the brigade marched to Moorefield, arriving there 
in a heavy snow storm. It was the prettiest town the boys 




MAKING BEDS FOR THE NIGHT. 



had yet seen in West Virginia, and the surrounding country 
was fertile. While the cavalry were foraging for hay for their 
horses they found a large quantity of whiskey in a barn. 

W 7 hile at Moorefield General Cluseret heard that a force of 
Confederates were in camp at Lost River. On December 8 
he asked for volunteers to go with him and rout them. They 
were to be supplied with five days rations, but were to leave 



— 53 — 

their tents at Moorefield. The 87th Regiment volunteered to 
go. The other part of the expedition was composed of a squad- 
ron of cavalry, two mountain howitzers and one wagon. The 
distance was seventeen miles, across the south branch of the 
Shenandoah mountains. They had to move by a road never 
before used as a wagon route. It was narrow, and at places 
very steep and full of bowlders. The artillery and wagon had 
great difficulty in moving. They arrived at Lost River village, 
composed of four dwelling houses and a stable, at 8 p. m. The 
enemy had disappeared. Concealed in a stable, underneath 
some hay, a comrade found twenty boxes of chewing tobacco, 
which was distributed among the men. The Lynchburg plugs, 
a foot long, were highly prized. But deeper down in the hay 
something else was found, which enlivened the visit to this 
benighted region of Lost River. It was two barrels of apple 
jack, known across the Delaware as "Jersey Lightning." The 
tobacco worked all right, and was soothing the men to sleep, 
but the officers had some difficulty to preserve order, an hour 
after the men found the ardent spirits. 

Fence rails were used to start fires. The bright light re- 
vealed a stack of hay near by. This the boys soon used to 
make beds for the night. In the morning "Squaw,'' the cham- 
pion forager of Company I, was found to be missing. His com- 
rades hunted in vain for him, but found no "Squaw." After 
breakfast some of the boys of another company saw a mound of 
earth, a distance from the camp. It looked like a newly made 
grave. Here they found the lost soldier in the hole wrapped 
up in his blanket in an open box, with hay all around him. He 
was still fast asleep, and unconscious of the joke. 

Quartermaster Hersh had captured half a dozen cattle. Two 
fat ones were slaughtered and the rest were taken along. The 
march began early and during the day they joined the brigade 
now on the way toward Winchester. On Dec. 20 a fight was 
expected near Wardensville, a dozen miles ahead. The whole 
brigade marched in column form with the 87th Regiment in the 
lead. Company A was deployed as skirmishers. The brigade 



— 54 — 

moved ten miles and halted for dinner. While the men were 
eating orders came to move rapidly forward. The 87th went 
on double quick and quick time, alternately, for two and one 
half miles, but no enemy appeared in sight. 

The brigade halted for the night at Capon Springs, the noted 
summer resort at the foot of the Shenandoah mountains. Here 
the men slept in the beds of the large hotels. The buildings 
were deserted during the day. The furniture and bedding were 
all there. They expected to enjoy a long sound sleep in com- 
fortable quarters during this cold wintry night. But at 2 a» 
m. reveille was heard and every soldier jumped out of bed, won- 
dering what was up. 

After drinking a cup of coffee (never mind the cream) and 
eating some hard tack, the column moved onward toward Stras- 
burg, in the crisp frosty air of mid-winter. They marched seven 
miles before sunrise, then halted and built fires to warm their 
shivering bodies. They crossed the last ridge of the moun- 
tains, and at 2 p. m. arrived at Strasburg. 

Gen. Cluseret had followed closely on the heels of the enemy. 
The cavalry captured twenty prisoners, and an engagement was 
expected, but the Confederates moved a short distance beyond 
the town. The 87th halted for two hours in the streets and 
then bivouacked for the night in a woods near town. 

The boys gathered around the camp fires, for it was the cold- 
est day they had ever marched. The ice on the streams, now 
four inches, was still getting thicker. Cluseret sent part of the 
regiment out to forage. They found some corn, flour and a 
few sacks of salt. 

Early the next day, Dec. 22, the entire command marched 
down the valley to Middletown, and bivouacked. That night 
Company A was on picket. During the day George Koch and 
George Knodel were captured at a farm house, where they had 
gone to get something to eat. They were the first men of the 
regiment to be taken prisoners, but were soon paroled. 

Some sheds in which Company I was quartered caught fire 
and nearly all their overcoats and blankets were burned- 



— 55 — 

At 9 a. m. of the 24th the brigade began the march down the 
valley through Newtown, and Kernstown. They halted at 
some mills for flour, then passed over the battle field where 
Sheilds had defeated Stonewall Jackson some months before, 
and entered Winchester at 3 p. m., marching through the Main 
street to the fortification. Their new Sibley tents were left 
with the wagon train at Moorefield. The encampment was on 
the plantation of ex-Senator Mason, author of the Fugitive 
Slave Law, and the Commissioner of the Confederate Govern- 
ment to England. 

Cluseret's brigade was on historic ground. Winchester, in 
the heart of the far-famed valley of Virginia, had frequently 
changed hands, and was destined to be captured and recaptured 
fifty-eight times before the war ended. In yonder cemeteries, 
near each other, 1000 Union and 1300 Confederate dead were 
buried. 

It was Christmas eve, and the men expected to spend some 
time around the camp fires. But just as supper was cooking 
Confederate cavalry drove the Union pickets into town. The 
87th Regiment formed in line of battle along the hillside, and 
moved on a double quick through the streets to the southern 
edge of town, where they halted in full view of a brisk skirmish 
between the Ringgold cavalry and Col. White's Confederate 
horsemen. Being inferior in numbers, the Union troopers fell 
back toward the infantry, and the enemy retreated up the valley. 
While this affair was going on some Union cavalry engaged a 
considerable body of cavalry up the Strasburg road. Night put 
an end to the fighting and the regiment retired to the camping 
ground near the fort. 

Soon after the arrival of the 87th at Winchester there was a 
number of promotions in the regiment which will be found in 
the muster rolls at the end of this volume. 

January 1 was clear and cold. Milroy with part of his divi- 
sion arrived at Winchester the next day. The wagon train 
bringing the tents and camp equipments, came at the same 
time. The Sibley tents were put up at once. The regiment 



- 56 - 

had been without them for sixteen days. Michael Smyser, the 
commissary sergeant, brought along several fine turkeys, and 
banquetted some of his comrades. Most of the regiment went 
to church on January 4th. About 100 men were sent out every 
day on picket duty. The regimental mail arrived on the 7th. 
Boxes, containing many good things from home, came a few- 
days later. 

Colonel Hay arrived from New Creek on January 9. A week 
later he succeeded Cluseret in command of the 1st Brigade of 
Milroy's division, in the 8th Army Corps. Cluseret had a dif- 
ference with Milroy. He resigned, went to New York and 
started a newspaper, favoring Fremont for President of the 
United States. In 1867, he went to his native country. Dur- 
ing the Franco-Prussian war, he raised the flag of the Red Re- 
publicans in Lyons. He was minister of war while the Com- 
mune reigned in Paris. When it was overthrown he took 
refuge in England for a time, but soon returned to France. In 
1898 he posed in the Paris ''Figaro" in an interview on the 
American soldier in the Spanish war. 

General Cluseret died in Toulon, France, August 23, 1900, 
after having served twelve years as a member of the Chamber of 
Deputies, the lower House of Congress in his native country. 

In January the regiment organized a military band. The fol- 
lowing named enlisted men were detailed from different com- 
panies to play the instruments: James McGuire, Benjamin Ty- 
son, Philip M. Shive, Joshua Happold, William Howe, George 
Yingling, John Hunter, Henry C. Pentz, N. Z. Seitz, Frank 
Barnhart, William Everhart, Silas C. Yingling, John Dunn, 
Gibson Johns and John Shaffer. 

The first leader was John Diener, who trained the band to 
play a number of selections. He took sick and returned to tits 
home at Hanover, Pa., where he died in March 1863. 

Captain George Ellinger, a musician of fine talent from Lan- 
caster, Pa., was chosen leader. He was paid by voluntary 
contributions from the commissioned officers of the regiment, 
who also raised most of the monev to buv the instruments. The 



- 57 — 

band became an efficient organization. The excellent music it 
furnished was one of the interesting features of the winter and 
spring encampment at Winchester, and it cheered up the boys 
on many long and tiresome marches during the remainder of the 
regiment's term of service. 

January 23 Sergeant B. F. Frick, of Company A, was sent 
with a detail of twenty men to guard a signal station for several 
weeks on Little North mountain beyond the Union lines. All 
was quiet and peaceful till one night the sentinel aroused the 
sergeant, and notified him that mysterious lights could be seen 
in the woods a distance away. "Mysterion lights, what are 
they?" whispered Joe Cook, one of the men whose education 
had been received among the basketmakers of East York. He 
trembled like an aspen leaf, as he started with the rest, in search 
of the "mysterion lights." They had not gone far till soldier 
Joe, no longer in fear of the enemy, shouted "It is only Jack O' 
Lantern, Sergeant; I seen it often in the woods and swamps 
around York," and then they all returned to their quarters. 

Some time later another phenomenon attracted the attention 
of this squad, and excited their wonder and astonishment. The 
sun was going down behind the western hills, when one of the 
men noticed the images of what seemed to be giants along the 
eastern horizon. It was a real phantasmagora, such as is rarely 
seen, except in the mountains of Spain, or the highlands of Scot- 
land, where the conditions of the atmosphere produce such 
scenic effects. 

"A worse sign than the mysterion lights," said Joe Cook. 
"If the rebels down here are that big we can never whip 'em," 
he continued. Then one of the men raised his arm, another did 
likewise. The discovered giants in the sky were but huge 
shadows of themselves pictured on the clouds to the east. 

Jan. 13 Jacob S. Upp and Albert C. Ford went to Martins- 
burg to get some boxes which were sent to the boys from home. 
On January 17 Companies A, I and K went seven miles toward 
the mountains on a scout. They returned in the evening. Jan- 
uary 19, after returning from church, six companies with two 



- 5 8 - 

days rations, accompanied by a squadron of the ist New York 
cavalry and one company each of the 9th and 12th West Vir- 
ginia regiments, started at 11 a. m. toward Front Royal. They 
marched 30 miles, returning to camp at 3 a. m. of the next day. 

The York Gazette of Feb. 10, contains the following letter 
sent from Winchester: 

"To our friends at home, we all say, send us papers, write us 
letters, and finally let me tell you don't neglect to send us some 
of the good things of life. Our communications with home are 
almost direct. The Adams Express Company together with 
our own 'Fast Ambulance Express,' under the supervision of 
Wagonmaster Henry L. Hamme, has already brought us some 
boxes. Let more of them come with a rush. Flitch and crack- 
ers are below par with us." Charles A. Morris and other patri- 
otic citizens of York answered this communication by sending 
a number of boxes. 

March 12 Milroy was promoted to Major General. The 87th 
band went down to his headquarters in Winchester and sere j 
naded him. Col. Hay was still in command of a brigade, and 
had his headquarters at the residence of Mrs. Maloy, grand- 
daughter of Peter Dinkle, of York. 

The 67th Pennsylvania, 6th Maryland, the 11 6th and 123a 
Ohio regiments arrived at Winchester about the middle of 
March, and the 12th and 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiments 
a short time before that date. 

When Chaplain D. C. Eberhart came to the regiment at Win- 
chester, Gen. Milroy and Col. Hay gave him permission to oc- 
cupy, for religious services, one of the vacant churches of the 
town. He obtained consent of the trustees of the Episcopal 
church, and held services in their church building for two 
months. The colored janitor rang the bell. A choir of twen- 
ty voices, from the different companies, furnished the music. 
One of them, a trained musician, played the organ. 

Chaplain McCabe, of the i22d Ohio Regiment, afterward a 
bishop of the M. E. church, frequently preached in the same 
church. 



— 59 — 

After the regiment returned from the trip to Webster, in May, 
and camped southeast of town, religious worship was conducted 
near a mill in an orchard. Here the regimental glee club and 
the military band furnished the music. The chaplain visited 
Companies G and H at Bunker Hill twice during this period 
and held services in a church, which the men afterward used as 
a fortification, when Jenkins' cavalry attacked them on June 13. 

While the regiment was in camp at Winchester, their tents 
were beside those of the 12th West Va. The Sibley tents were 
conical in shape, and large enough for thirteen men. In the 
centre of each tent was a small sheet iron stove, with a thin pipe 
extending along the centre pole to a circular opening at the 
top. The men slept in a circle with their feet toward the stove. 
The officers' quarters were more pretentious. 

The routine of camp life was about as follows: 

First in the morning came the inevitable and startling sunrise 
gun, and thereupon the instantaneous clatter of drum and fife 
beating and playing the reveille; then the ringing of the order- 
ly's cry, "Fall in for roll call," followed by the roll call itself; 
then breakfast relished with keen appetite. Next came the al- 
ways interesting exercise of guard mounting, followed by two 
hours company drill, which with a little rest, filled up the time 
till dinner. 

Appetites whetted by exercise and outdoor life, would find 
little to complain of in the government rations, even with the 
beef and coffee sometimes questionable in quality. 

Then came reading, smoking, writing letters, discussing the 
progress of the war, playing at games, cleaning muskets, equip- 
ments, or quarters and leaving camp upon passes. Target prac- 
tice or skirmish drill follows and in the afternoon, the daily in- 
spection of the quarters by the officer of the day, conducted with 
great formality, while the military band under Captain Ellinger 
plays its best tunes. Then come battalion drill and dress pa- 
rade. Gymnastic sports follow the parade. The boys in blue 
visit each other's quarters until the sunset gun tells the evening 
has come, when the tent fires brighten up,the moon sails serene- 



— 6o — 

ly into the heavens, and looks down upon this interesting camp 
of young men, gathered from several states of the Union. For 
an hour or two, these manly youths sing patriotic songs,then 
talk over events of an era in which every moment is an hour, 
every day a month, and every month a life time. The beautiful 
valley which this camp overlooked, had been the scene of sev- 
eral engagements. On the site of yonder fortifications George 
Washington as an officer under the colonial government super- 
intended the erection of Fort Loudon, to protect the Virginia 
settlers against the incursions of hostile Indians. 

On the morning of April 25, General Elliott, with detachments 
from five infantry and two cavalry regiments, including the 
ten companies of the 87th and Battery L, 5th U. S. Artillery, 
went on a scouting expedition northwest of Winchester toward 
the mountains. They were supplied with four days' rations and 
went without tents or blankets. It was intended to be a bold 
and vigorous raid, into the enemy's country. They marched 28 
miles, arriving at Wardensville at 8 p. m.. The commanding 
officer did not give the men time to prepare dinner or supper. 
They lived on hard tack, bivouacked for the night in a woods, 
and at daylight of the 26th marched on, reaching the top of 
Sand Ridge Mountain at 10 a. m. There they rested for a while 
then passed down the mountain to Lost River, which was too 
high to ford. They returned to Wardensville and halted for the 
night. Company C, under Capt. Cross, was sent out on picket. 
During the day the cavalry captured one lieutenant and five pri- 
vates. 

On the 27th they took up the line of march again and on 
reaching Lost River the wagons were driven into the stream, in 
line, and planks laid on top of them. A temporary bridge was 
thus formed, and the infantry in that way slowly crossed the 
river. The party moved toward Moorefield, but returned in the 
evening to the former camping grounds. Company G, under 
Captain Eckert, and Company F, under Captain Adair, went out 
on picket. 

On May 28 the expedition started on a forced march toward 



— 6i — 

Strasburg; the 87th, under Colonel Schall, led the infantry. The 
cavalry was in the advance, arriving at Strasburg at 3 p. m., af- 
ter a march of 24 miles. An hour later the Confederate 
cavalry and infantry attacked Elliott's forces, but were driven 
back by our cavalry. They soon advanced on another charge, 
when our infantry- was ordered forward, and the enemy were 
driven from the field with a loss of six killed and several wound- 
ed. There were some casualties on the Union side. The 87th 
was actively engaged but had no losses. At 5 p. m. the regi- 
ment was ordered to bring in the dead, and take care of the 
wounded. Later in the evening, when another attack was ex- 
pected, Company I, under Captain Pfeiffer, Company K, under 
Captain Albright were deployed to the left of the road and Com- 
pany G, under Captain Eckert, and Company H, under Captain 
Farrah, were deployed to the right. The other six companies 
remained back as a reserve. But the entire regiment soon mov- 
ed forward to Fisher's Hill, when a charge on the skirmish line 
was ordered. Companies E, D and F went straight up the hill, 
and companies A, B and C moved by the right flank, and the 
other companies by the left flank. When they all met at the 
top of the hill, the enemy had fallen back. The expedition re- 
turned to Winchester the following day. 

On the evening of May 8, news came to Winchester that the 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad had been torn up near Webster, 
West Virginia, by a force under Jones. Early in the morning 
of the 9th, the 87th Regiment and other commands were order- 
ed there. They marched to Martinsburg, and taking the cars 
at midnight, passed through Cumberland and New Creek, ar- 
riving at Webster at 10 p. m. of the following night. The 
enemy had disappeared, and the railroad was soon repaired. 

The regiment remained at Webster a week, during which 
time Colonel Hay received notification that his resignation had 
been accepted. He was discharged from the service on sur- 
geon's certificate. A meeting of the regiment officers was 
held, presided over by Lieutenant Colonel Schall, when resolu- 
tions were adopted regretting that his physical condition ne- 



— 62 — 



cessitated the retirement of Colonel Hay from the service, and 
commending him for his courage and patriotism, for his cour- 
tesy and kindness, for his skill and ability, and for his paternal 
interest in the comfort and welfare of his officers and men. 

Lieutenant Colonel Schall was promoted to Colonel of the 
regiment, Major Stahle to Lieutenant Colonel, Captain Ruhl, of 
Company D, to Major, and Lieutenant Blasser to Captain of 
Company D. 

Colonel Hay presented his sorrel horse to Colonel Schall. 
Before he returned home, an elegant gold watch was procured, 
and neatly inscribed inside of the case are the words. "Pre- 
sented to Colonel George Hay as a token of respect, by the offi- 
cers of his late command. 

The names on the case are those of Colonel Schall, Lieutenant 
Colonel Stahle, Major Ruhl, Adjutant Emmitt, Quartermaster 
Hersh, Chaplain Eberhart, Surgeon McKinney, Captains Fahs, 
Blasser, Myers, Adair, Cross, Farrah, Pfeiffer and Albright, 
ist Lieutenants Spangler, Savior, Ruhl, Hull, Morningstar, Nor- 
ris, Martin, Slaymaker, Haack; 2d Lieutenants Lanius, Bier- 
brower, Maish, Stallman, Strickler, Welsh, Baker, Daniel, Slot- 
hower and Stroman. 

This watch has been kept by the descendants of Colonel Hay 
as an interesting souvenir of the war. 

The regiment returned to Martinsburg by rail May 18, and 
marched to Bunker Hill the next day, arriving at Winchester 
on the 20th. Companies G and H, were stationed at Bunker 
Hill to guard the crossing of the Opequon Creek at that point. 
When the 87th returned to Winchester their camp was changed 
to Hollingsworth's Mills, a short distance south of town. 



CHAPTER V. 



CAMPAIGN AROUND WINCHESTER — THE FIGHT AT NEWTOWN — EN- 
GAGEMENT AT BUNKER HILL BATTLE OF CARTER'S WOODS. 




N exciting campaign around 
Winchester opened in June. 
General Milroy, in command of 
the 2d Division of the 8th Army 
Corps, had held that post since 
December 24, 1862. Two days 
before his arrival there, General 
Schenk, with headquarters at 
Baltimore, had succeeded the 
veteran soldier General Wool as 
corps commander. Milroy was 
born in Indiana in 1816 and was 
graduated from a military 
school at Norwich, Vermont. 
He had served as a captain in 
the Mexican War ; afterward studied law, and filled one term as 
Judge of the 8th District in his native State. 

When the war opened iviilroy became Colonel of the 9th In- 
diana Volunteers. He won distinction in Western Virginia un- 
der McClellan and Rosecrans in 1861, and the following year, 
in the same region, under Fremont and Sigel. On March 10; 
1863 he was made a Major-General of volunteers. 

When he came to Winchester to take charge of that post the 
Valley of the Shenandoah from Staunton to Strasburg was oc- 
cupied by a force of 5000 men, mostly cavalry, under General 




- 64 - 

Samuel Jones, a West Point graduate, who had become a Major 
General in the Confederate service. 

General Imboden occupied the Cacapon Valley to the north- 
west of Winchester with a force of infantry, cavalry and artillery, 
estimated at 1500 men. These were the only forces of the ene- 




GENERAL R. H. MI'LROY. 



my Milroy was in danger of being assailed by for several months 
of 1863. 

The object of holding Winchester was to observe and keep in 
check the Confederates in the Valley, and to protect the Balti- 
more and Ohio railroad against depredations. 

In March Milroy stationed the 3rd Brigade of his division. 



- 65 - 

composed of the 6th Maryland, the 67th Pennsylvania, 1st New 
York Cavalry and a battery, at Berryville, under command of 
Col. McReynolds, who was given instructions to watch the 
passes of the Blue Ridge Mountains, the fords across the Shen- 
andoah River and to keep open communications with Harper's 
Ferry. 

Some months before this, the chief command of the Union 
armies had been given to General Halleck, an officer who had 
commanded all the forces in the West, and had thus caught 
some reflected glory from the achievements of Grant and Pope. 
He gave orders to Milroy to undertake no offensive operations 
in force, but to occupy Winchester as a lookout, and to retain 
McReynolds at Berryville. Milroy had held almost undisputed 
possession of the Shenandoah Valley, from the Potomac to 
Strasburg, until June 1. The enemy after that date became 
bolder and small detachments of their cavalry were met as far 
down the Valley as Middletown. In order to ascertain whether 
there was an accumulation of Confederate forces in his front, Mil- 
roy determined to send out two reconnoitering parties, one to- 
ward Front Royal, southeast of Winchester, and the other under 
Col. Schall, up the Valley pike toward Strasburg. Captain W. 
H. Lanius, who accompanied the latter and participated with it 
in the engagement at Newtown, wrote the following account of 
it about four years after the close of the war: 

"On the 12th of June Colonel Schall, with four hundred men 
of the 87th Regiment, about two hundred of the 13th Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry and one section of Battery L, 5th U. S. Artillery, 
started from Winchester on a reconnoissance in the direction of 
Strasburg. 

"After proceeding about nine miles the advance cavalry re- 
ported the rebels ahead. Col. Schall immediately halted his 
command and posted it for action in the following manner: Five 
companies of infantry were sent ahead, about two hundred yards, 
to the brow of a hill to the right of, and facing the pike, in a 
position screened from the view of the rebel cavalry as it would 
advance; the section of artillery was planted in a position to the 
left of the pike, with guns ranged to sweep the brow of the 

5 



— 66 — 

hill over which the enemy would come, with an enfilading fire; 
the remaining three companies of infantry were posted in support 
of the artillery; the cavalry, with the exception of the advance 
guard, was massed on the pike, a little distance in rear of the 
point opposite to which the artillery was posted. 

"The order was given by Col. Schall to reserve fire until the 
enemy had crossed the hill in our front, when the artillery was 
to sweep them with an enfilading fire from the left of the road; 
the infantry on the right to give them a broadside, when the 
cavalry were to charge and rout them. 

'This disposition of our force had hardly been made when the 
advance guard of cavalry made its appearance on the hill, com 
ing in on the run, closely pursued by the enemy, who were 
howling like demons. After the head of the rebel column had 
crossed the hill, our forces opened fire, raking them with artil- 
lery and pouring a destructive broadside fire of musketry into 
them from the right of the pike, creating great confusion in their 
ranks, when our cavalry made a charge and sent them whirling 
in the direction of Strasburg, and picked up a number of pris- 
oners. This engagement with a force on our side not exceeding 
seven hundred men, resulted in a loss to the enemy of fifty killed 
and wounded and thirty-seven prisoners, together with small 
arms and horses. There were no casualties on our side." 

The Confederates who took part in this engagement were the 
14th Regiment of Virginia Cavalry and a battalion of Maryland 
cavalry. An exciting and dramatic episode of this fight was the 
appearance of some women at a window in the gable end of a 
"house to the left of Col. Schall's five companies of infantry on the 
right of the pike. As the Confederate cavalry came dashing 
over the hill in pursuit of our cavalry, these ladies beckoned 
them with motions of their hands and the waving of handker- 
chiefs not to come any farther. But the soldiers did not under- 
stand their signs. Some of the Confederate wounded were taken 
care of at this house by Federal surgeons. 

General Milroy in his official report says: "Colonel Schall re- 
mained at the scene of the engagement for an hour, during whicf 



- 67 - 

time his cavalry scoured the country in different directions, but 
could find no evidence of the enemy concentrating in large force 
up the Valley. He reported to me at 7 p. m. on the same day 
at Winchester. The result of this reconnoissance was entirely 
satisfactory to me, and it was conductel with great energy." 

The reconnoissance on Front Royal road was made by Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Moss of the 1 2th Pennsylvania Cavalry, with 400 
men. He returned to Winchester at 3 p. m. of Friday and re- 
ported that he had encountered a large force of the enemy's cav- 
alry, infantry and artillery, near Cedarville, 12 miles southeast 
of Winchester. This report was discredited by some of his 
officers. 

An engagement took place at Bunker Hill in the afternoon of 
June 13. When General Milroy signalled Mc Reynolds' brigade 
at Berryville to fall back to Winchester he directed that the 
wagon train proceed towards Martinsburg as rapidly as possible. 

This train stopped to feed at Bunker Hill, midway betweer 
Winchester and Martinsburg, where Companies G and H of the 
87th Regiment and two companies of the 116th Ohio, in all 
about 300 men, were stationed to keep a look out for the enemy 
and to protect the crossing of the Opequon creek near that place. 

The train had been parked and the wagoners were feeding 
their horses when a scout came up in great haste and reported 
that Colonel Jenkins, with 1500 cavalry, was approaching. The 
wagon master, in charge of the train, hurried his men to hitch 
up, and taking a position at the road, where the teams should 
enter, in order to prevent a stampede, he called out : 

"No teamster shall start until I give orders." 

Through his good management the entire train crossed the 
Opequon bridge and escaped towards Martinsburg, and finally 
reached Carlisle, Pa. 

Private John C. Hoffman, of Company G, was on guard at the 
bridge when the wagon train was crossing. He had been given 
strict orders to allow no one to pass over but army teamsters. 

Early in the race to get across came a Jew sutler on foot. He 
was halted by the guard. In a fit of desperation he exclaimed: 



— 68 — 



"Och, mine Got in Himmel! lass mir ga, lass mir ga! All mine 
goots in das train." 

He was compelled to wait till the last wagon had crossed over. 
Still he murmured as if in the deepest agony: 

"De Rebels git all my tings; all mine goots." 

Down the first hill, and over the next, went the wagon train 
raising clouds of dust. It disappeared before the enemy came 
in sight, and the sutler got across the bridge. 

Jenkins and his men came in on the Berryville road, and were 
met by the Federal troops about five hundred yards from the 
Martinsburg turnpike. 

The Confederates dismounted and advanced as skirmishers. 
Our men were also deployed as skirmishers, the line extending 
obliquely from Berryville road in the direction of the Martins- 
burg pike, and shots were exchanged here for twenty minutes, 
during which time Private Hoffman made his way from the 
bridge across a clover field to his company, which was on a 
skirmish line, lying down along the farther edge of the field. 
Being the only man in sight in the field Hoffman was a fair 
target for the enemy, whose bullets whistled past his ears or 
cut the clover at his feet. 

Shortly afterward, the Confederates advanced on a mounted 
charge. The order was now given for our troops to fall back 
to some churches. On the retreat Lieutenant Morningstar, of 
Company G, narrowly escaped capture. While in the act of 
jumping over a fence, the scabbard of his "Sword of Bunker 
Hill" got entangled in some bushes. The accident retarded his 
movements until the "Johnnies" almost captured him. Joseph 
F. Welsh, of the same company, was wounded and captured. 

A short distance away Company H was more unfortunate. 
Lieutenant Slothower was killed and Corporal Joseph Henry 
mortally wounded. He died two days later, while the battle at 
Carter's Woods was raging. Josiah Landon, of the same com- 
pany, was wounded and captured, and George Prowell was 
captured. Benjamin S. Kauffman was wounded in both thighs, 



— 69 — 

fell into the hands of the enemy, and was a prisoner with the 
rest of the captured, for nine weeks at Belle Isle. 

The Union forces now entered the churches and fired at the 
enemy through port holes that had already been made. About 
this time John Lemon, a citizen of Bunker Hill, was sent to 
them by a Confederate officer with a flag of truce, asking them 
to surrender. But they kept up the fight without further loss 
till late in the evening, when the enemy withdrew. Then, the 
Union troops fell back to Winchester and took position with 
Milroy's forces in and around the big fort. 

In 1899, Mr. J. A. Sibbett, of Company H, visited Bunker 
Hill, and was entertained by John Lemon, who was still a resi- 
dent of the village. 

The entire force, under General Milroy, in and near Win- 
chester, at this time, according to official accounts, was 6,900 
effective men. Brigadier General Elliott commanded the 
First Brigade, composed as follows: 110th Ohio, Col. Keifer; 
116th Ohio, Col. Washburn; 1226. Ohio, Col. Ball; 123d Ohio, 
Col. Wilson; 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Col. Gallagher; 12th 
Pennsylvania Cavalry, Lt. Col. Moss; Battery L, 5th U. S. Ar- 
tillery, Lt. Randolph. 

The 2nd Brigade, under Colonel Ely of the 18th Connecticut, 
was composed of the 87th Pennsylvania, Colonel Schall; 12th 
West Virginia, Col. Klunk; 18th Connecticut, Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Nicholas; 5th Maryland, Captain Holton; Battery D, 1st 
West Virginia Artillery, Captain Carlin; Company K, 1st West 
Virginia Cavalry, Lieutenant Dawson; Companies D and E, 3d. 
West Virginia Cavalry, Captain White. 

The heavy guns of the principal fort were four 20 pound Par- 
rotts and two 24 pound howitzers. They were manned by a 
company of the 14th Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, com- 
manded by Captain Martin. 

It was not evident to General Milroy on the evening of June 
1 2th, that a large part of Lee's forces had broken away from the 
army of the Potomac, then under Hooker, and had already come 
into the Shenandoah Valley through the various passes of the 



— 70 — 

Blue Ridge Mountains. He had received no definite informa- 
tion of Lee's movement from the military authorities at Washing- 
ton. He had signalled McReynolds' Brigade at Berryville to 
return to Winchester, doubled his line of pickets around the 
town, and sent forward on the Front Royal and Strasburg roads, 
strong cavalry patrols. Lively skirmishing began in various 
places. 

Milroy was in constant communication with his department 
commander, Gen. Schenck, at Baltimore, who advised him to 
retreat to Harper's Ferry, but gave him no definite orders to 
that effect. He concentrated his forces in and around the forti- 
fications, and decided to wait till the Confederate leaders had 
massed their forces in his front, and then after a sharp engage- 
ment order a retreat toward Harper's Ferry under cover of night. 
Milroy's lofty patriotism and his heroic courage had inspired his 
officers and men with his own bravery and determination. They 
had confidence in his ability and generalship, and observed his 
manner in time of danger with great admiration. But nearly 30,- 
000 veterans under Ewell and Longstreet, who had lately won 
important victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, were 
now approaching Winchester. The contest was to be an un- 
equal one. Though not informed as to the vast number of the 
enemy with whom he had to contend, Milroy knew he was 
greatly outnumbered, but decided to meet them in battle array. 

At 6 p. m., on the 13th, a Confederate prisoner captured that 
day, told the general that he belonged to Hay's Louisiana Bri- 
gade, of Ewell's Corps, which together with Longstreet's Corps 
was in the vicinity of Winchester. This was the first definite in- 
formation he had received of this important fact. His tele- 
graphic communication with Washington by way of Harper's 
Ferry had already been cut. 

All the details of the fighting by Milroy's division during June 
13th and 14th cannot be given here. The reader's attention is 
now directed to the part taken by the 87th Regiment. This 
command had just been assigned to the 2nd Brigade on Satur- 
day morning, June 13, the day after the Newtown fight. Colonel 



— 7 i — 

Schall reported to Colonel Ely, the brigade commander, early 
that day. At 9 a. m. the 87th was ordered to move forward 
from camp and take position behind a stone wall on the south 
side of the Front Royal road, and near a section of Battery L, 
Fifth U. S. Artillery, which was engaged in shelling the enemy 
in a woods. The regiment remained in that position only a 
short time, when the Confederates opened fire with canister 
upon it from a battery posted about four hundred yards away. 

Colonel Ely, commanding the 2nd Brigade, now directed the 
87th to fall back to Winchester, and support Battery L, which 
had removed to an elevation on the south side of the town, be- 
tween the Front Royal and the Strasburg roads. The regiment 
remained in that position until 6 p. m., when, says Colonel 
Schall, in an official report: 




"I was ordered to report with my command to General Milroy 
on Apple Pie Ridge. He directed me to proceed out the Stras- 
burg road, and drive away some sharpshooters who were in pos- 
session of a mill. We encountered a body of infantry, which af- 
ter some skirmishing, fled in confusion closely pursued by my 
regiment. We kept up a brisk skirmish with the enemy, till the 
darkness of night hid them from our view. I then received 
orders to return to my original position in support of Bat- 
tery L. 

"At 2 a. m. of June 14 I was instructed to fall back to the for- 
tifications overlooking the town and take position in the rifle 
pits. About 9 a. m. my regiment marched down to Winchester, 



— 72 — 

half a mile away, to drive out the enemy's skirmishers, who had 
entered the town on the south side. 

"We had some brisk encounters with the enemy on Market, 
Main and Braddock streets, and succeeded in driving them out 
of town. We relieved the 67th Pennsylvania about 4 o'clock in 
the evening, but soon returned to the large fort. An hour later 
I received an order to move my regiment to the Star fort, but 
while on our way there I was directed to support the 11 6th Ohio 
Infantry, which was stationed in the direction of the battery, and 
a little to the right of it. 

"Soon afterward I received orders from Milroy to move di- 
rectly forward in support of Battery L, which was now opened 
upon by a terrific fire from the Confederate artillery. The bat- 
tery was captured and its support, the 110th Ohio, was falling 
back. I was then directed to take my regiment into the Main 
fort, where it was placed in position in the surrounding rifle pits," 

During the engagement of June 13 and 14 the regiment lost 
one killed and eighteen wounded. Daniel H. Karns, the drum- 
mer boy of Company I, lost his life in the skirmish on June 
13. He was the first soldier of the regiment who was killed in 
battle, 

In the afternoon of Sunday, June 14, Milroy had concentrated 
nearly his entire command in and around the fortifications, just 
outside of Winchester. At 4 p. m. four Confederate batteries, 
some of their guns being of long range, opened upon the forts. 
Under cover of this fire Early's division of Ewell's Corps, a col- 
umn of 10,000 men advanced upon the outer works, then com- 
manded by Colonel Keifer of the 110th Ohio Regiment. The 
enemy carried these outer works in the charge. 

The Federal guns in the Main and the Star forts were brought 
to bear upon Early's forces, driving them from the position they 
had taken. This afforded a protection to Colonel Keifer's com- 
mand, which fell back to the Main fort. 

All the guns in this fort, the Baltimore battery at the Star 
fort and Carlin's battery immediately south of the Main fort, 
engaged the enemy's guns, which responded with great energy. 



— 73 — 

A terrible artillery duel now took place, lasting till 8 o'clock in 
the evening. 

During this contest General Milroy ascended to the top of the 
lookout, and with remarkable coolness and bravery, exposed 
to the greatest danger, took observation of the enemy, concen- 
trating in front of him while solid shot were whizzing by him, 
and large shells bursting in all directions around him. He then 
massed all his troops in the two forts, which were near each 
other, and in the rifle pits in front of them. 

At 9 p. m. he convened a council of war, composed of himself 
and his three brigade commanders. His troops had only one 
day's rations left, and his artillery ammunition was nearly all ex- 
pended. Information had been received that on the following 
morning the enemy could bring nearly one hundred guns to bear 
upon his small command of less than 7000 men. 

"We decided at this council," says General Milroy, "that we 
owecl it to the honor of the Federal arms to make an effort to 
force our way through the lines of the beleaguering foe ; that our 
guns should be spiked, and wagons abandoned; that all our 
horses should be taken with us, and that the brigades should 
march, in the order of their numbers, at 1 o'clock in the morn- 
ing, carrying with them their arms and the usual supply of am- 
munition," 

Such was the condition of affairs at midnight, when the com- 
mander of this little army sent out his aides to the subordinate 
officers, giving them instructions how to move. 

Among the regimental commanders, who had already heard 
of the decision of the council, was Colonel Schall, who immedi- 
ately began to notify his company commanders. While he was 
on this mission, Captain Baird, of Milroy's staff, communicated 
to Lieutenant-Colonel Stahle the order for the march. 

In his official report Captain Baird says: "It was part of my 
duty to notify the commanders of the 87th Pennsylvania, and the 
12th West Virginia. When I approached these regiments I 
found many of the men asleep in their tents, or in the rifle pits, 
It was a dark night, and the company officers began at once to 



— 74 — 

wake up their men. Every soldier was given instructions that 
the evacuation was to be conducted silently, so as not to attract 
the attention of the enemy, whose sentinels were not more than 
two hundred yards from the forts." 

In his official report of the evacuation of Winchester and the 
battle of Carter's Woods, General Milroy says: 

"The column proceeded from the forts at i a. m. through a 
ravine to the Martinsburg pike, and then passed down the pike 
about four and one-half miles from Winchester. Here I received 
a message from General Elliott, stating that our front was attack- 
ed by the enemy's skirmishers. I was then riding forward and 
heard the firing. 

'The enemy was on elevated ground in Carter's Woods, and 
in a field east of the woods. The first attack was made between 
three and four o'clock in the morning. General Elliott filed the 
123d, 110th and the 1226. Ohio regiments to the left, and formed 
them in line of battle west of and in front of the woods in which 
the enemy were posted. He then advanced the 110th Ohio, Col- 
onel Keifer commanding, to feel the enemy. This regiment 
soon became actively engaged, and was supported by the 1226. 
Ohio, which took its position on the right of the 110th. 

"We found the enemy present in force, with two batteries. 
The Ohio regiments maintained the contest for an hour, or 
more, occasionally falling back, but in the main, driving the en- 
emy. They captured a caisson and silenced two guns. They 
kept up an incessant fire of musketry which caused the enemy's 
right flank to fall into disorder and recoil. 

''About the time the contest began on my left I ordered the 
87th Pennsylvania against the enemy's left, but it was driven 
back. I now supported this regiment with the 18th Connecticut 
and these two regiments again advanced into the woods, but 
were driven back. I sent to the support of these regiments the 
123d Ohio, and again advanced the line, but it was repulsed with 
a very small loss. The range of the enemy's guns was so ele- 
vated as to render their fire ineffectual. 

"At this time a signal gun fired at Winchester announced the 



— 75 - 

approach of the enemy in my rear. Colonel Ely's brigade was 
again rallied. It formed in line of battle west of the Martins- 
burg pike and that command was again directed to engage the 
enemy. The noth and 1226. Ohio regiments were still main- 
taining their fire on our left with energy. I gave instructions 
that my forces unengaged and wagon trains should retreat un- 
der cover of the contest, taking the Martinsburg pike a short 
distance and then turn to the right. These forces went forward 
but took a road which leads to the left through Bath, in Morgan 
county. They were followed after the engagement by detach- 
ments from the 18th Connecticut, 87th Pennsylvania and some 
of the Ohio regiments. They reached Hancock, Maryland. I 
arrived at Harper's Ferry in the afternoon of June 15th." 

Colonel Schall in August, 1863, furnished the following ac- 
count: 

"About dark on June 14 my regiment was stationed in the 
rifle pits on the east side of the main fort. I held these pits un- 
til 1 a. m. of the next day, when I received orders to prepare to 
evacuate. While I was giving notice of this order to my com- 
pany commanders, and during my absence with them my lieu- 
tenant colonel received a verbal order from General Milroy to 
begin the march. The 87th was placed on the right of the bri- 
gade. We proceeded down the Martinsburg pike about four and 
one half miles, when we heard skirmishing ahead. 1 was direct- 
ed to form my regiment in line of battle, deploying Company A 
under Captain Fahs, as skirmishers. General Milroy was then 
close to me. He rode up to me, and ordered me to change my 
front to the right. While I was completing this movement I 
noticed several regiments to my left. Soon as I had changed 
my front my regiment advanced and the one to my left moved 
forward at the same time. We both moved toward Carter's 
Woods, and had gone only a few steps when skirmishing began. 
It was still dark, and we could see but a short distance. We con- 
tinued nearly to the woods, when the enemy opened upon us 
with artillery, posted about one hundred yards in our front. 
While we were thus engaged with the enemy the 18th Con- 



- 7 6 - 

necticut was stationed in our rear. They opened fire almost 
through us. This brought confusion into the ranks of my regi- 
ment and I ordered it to fall back. General Milroy appeared 
in front of the 18th Connecticut and ordered them to cease firing. 
It was still dark when this occurred. I reformed my regiment 
and advanced with other regiments to the woods, but soon fell 
back undei a heavy fire to a ravine, about one hundred and fifty 
yards from the woods. After reforming my lines again I was 
ordered to advance into the woods with the 18th Connecticut 
and the 123d Ohio to my right. My regiment went about forty 
yards into the woods on this charge. During this charge my 
horse was killed. 

"The regiment halted and kept up a skirmishing fire for thirty 
minutes, the men all lying down. I now saw that I was being 
flanked by the enemy on my left, and I gave orders to fall back 
which was done amidst some confusion. The enemy in large 
numbers followed closely upon us to the edge of the woods. My 
command during the retreat became scattered, some going to 
the right and some to the left. 

"I received no further orders and could give no further in- 
structions to my officers, as to our course. I learned afterward 
that Colonel Ely, commanding our brigade, had orders and had 
received special instructions to communicate them to the regi- 
mental commanders that our destination was Harper's Ferry. 
With about 140 of my men I reached that place on the afternoon 
of the day of the battle at Carter's Woods. My lieutenant col- 
onel and major moved to the left and reached Hancock. They 
had 210 of my men. My regiment is still divided. About 200 
were captured and more than 100 missing." 

Colonel Adams, of the First New York Cavalry, who brought 
up the rear, reported: 

"At 2 a. m., June 15, the main body of Milroy's division had 
reached the Martinsburg turnpike. My command marched with 
a strong rear guard in inverse order. We expected to be at- 
tacked in the rear by the Confederate cavalry. We never for one 
moment expected any trouble in front. The wily enemy, how- 



- 77 — 

ever, by a rapid flank movement, succeeded in throwing a heavy 
force of artillery and infantry in our front at Carter's Woods. 
Here they opened a terrific fire upon our retreating forces. Be- 
ing in the rear of our column, I was half a mile from the scene 
of action, but the shells passed over and beyond us. I heard the 
rattle of the musketry, and the quick and rapid firing of the ar- 
tillery. I then moved up my regiment quickly to the front 
where a sanguinary conflict was raging between the contending 
forces. The 87th Pennsylvania, the 18th Connecticut and the 
110th Ohio were at this moment charging upon a rebel battery 
strongly supported by infantry, and right gallantly did they ac- 
complish the work. General Milroy was present, accompanied 
by two members of his staff. My regiment then entered the. 
fight." 

Further on in his report he says: "In obedience to the order 
of Gen. Milroy, I fell back to guard the rear of several regiments 
or what was left of them after their desperate charge upon the 
enemy's artillery and infantry in the woods." 

General Edward Johnson who commanded the rebel forces at 
Carter's Woods sent an extended report of this engagement to 
the Confederate War Department, from which source the fol- 
lowing was obtained: "Early in the morning of June 15, I 
was sent by General Ewell to the east of the Martinsburg pike, 
to intercept the progress of the Federal troops under Milroy 
if they attempted to retreat toward Harper's Ferry. I was 
riding at the head of my column with some skimishers between 
3 and 4 o'clock a. m., when we distinctly heard the neighing of 
horses, and the noise caused by the marching enemy on the 
retreat. They soon saw us, and opened fire. I made a disposi- 
tion of my troops for an attack. Along the edge of the rail- 
road cut next to the pike ran a stone fence, behind which I 
deployed the 10th Virginia and the 1st and 3d North Carolina 
Regiments of Steuart's Brigade, on the right, and three regi- 
ments of Nicoll's Brigade on my left. One piece of battery was 
placed on a bridge, another a little to the left and rear, and the 
remaining pieces, with sections of two other batteries, all under 



- 7 8 - 

Colonel Andrews, in rear of the position, occupied by my in- 
fantry. The enemy loudly cheering, charged with a large force 
against the front of my position, driving in my skirmishers, 
and delivering heavy volleys into us. My infantry repulsed 
them with considerable loss. At longer range they maintained 
a heavy fire upon us, then detached heavy flanking parties of 
cavalry and infantry on my right and on my left. They still 
kept up a vigorous attack in front. 

"My infantry had expended all but one round of ammuni- 
tion, and my ordnance wagons were seven miles to the rear. 
The situation was exceedingly critical to me. I neecled re-en- 
forcements. Fortunately, the Stonewall Brigade, under Gen- 
eral Walker, appeared upon the scene of action, just in time to 
meet the flanking party to my right. He pressed them hotly 
through the woods beyond the turnpike and into the woods, 
half a mile to the right of the Carter House, where most of that 
body of the Federal troops surrendered. 

"The flanking party of cavalry [First New York] and in- 
fantry [87th Pennsylvania and 18th Connecticut] to my left was 
met by two regiments of Nicoll's Brigade, the 2d and 10th 
Louisiana regiments. Raine's Battery was faced to the left 
and played upon the Federals with fine effect. Two sections 
were hurried down the road to intercept their retreat. My 
two Louisiana regiments moved parallel with the enemy's line — 
a ridge intervening — until they reached a level space, where 
we opened a destructive fire upon them, killing and wounding a 
considerable number, and with the aid of the artillery, scatter- 
ing them in every direction. Many of them were captured by 
these two regiments. Milroy riding on a fine white horse, with 
most of his cavalry, escaped after a vigorous pursuit. 

"We captured at this engagement 2,300 men, about 175 horses, 
a. supply of arms and equipments, and eleven stands of colors. 
The enemy fought with earnestness. They made four succes- 
sive attempts to carry the bridge. Two sets of my cannoneers 
(13 out of 16) were killed, or disabled. Colonel Andrews, in 
command of my artillery, fell at this bridge." 



— 79 — 

The official report of the casualties in the 87th Regiment 
.around Winchester from June 13 to the 15th, including the 
battle of Carter's Woods, was as follows: 2 officers and 12 
•enlisted men killed and died of wounds; 2 officers and 24 en- 
listed men wounded; 9 officers and 190 men taken prisoners, 
making a total loss of 239 officers and men. 

The casualties in the 67th Pennsylvania were 769 officers and 
men; 18th Connecticut, 598; 123d Ohio, 549; I22d Ohio, 413; 
5th Maryland, 320; 12th West Virginia, 233. These are regi- 
ments which had the heaviest losses in prisoners. Some of 
them surrendered in a body. 

The total loss in 1st Brigade under General Elliott was re- 
ported to be 1949: the 2d Brigade, under Colonel Ely, 1430 ; 
the 3d Brigade, under Colonel McReynolds, 1054, making a 
total loss to the division under Milroy of 4433 in killed, 
wounded and captured. 

There was considerable public comment in relation to the 
evacuation of Winchester. During the month of August, 1863, 
a court of inquiry was convened at Washington, presided over 
by the great jurist, Judge Holt, then Judge Advocate General 
of the Army. The object of this court was "to inquire into and 
report the facts and circumstances in regard to the evacuation 
of Winchester by command of General Milroy." 

Judge Holt, after reviewing the subject in all its details, con- 
cluded his report to the Secretary of War as follows: "General 
Milroy in holding his post at Winchester, and continuing to 
resist the attack of the enemy, until June 15, when it was evi- 
dent that a large force of the enemy was confronting him, may 
have acted wisely. He thus forced the enemy to mass their 
troops, as he declares, at some point in his front, after which 
he could retreat more intelligently and more safely. 

' The three days' delay of the Confederate Army in its North- 
ern invasion caused by the stand Milroy made, at Winchester, 
may have been fully worth, to the country, the sacrifice it cost. 
The evacuation of W inchester was as well ordered as could have 
".been expected, under all' the circumstances, and the loss of most 



— 80 — 

of the government property, which was abandoned there, was 
inevitable. It is true that during the retreat, the troops of Gen- 
eral Milroy were not kept well in hand, being very much dis- 
persed, but that was, in a great part owing to the sudden attack 
upon them in the darkness of the night. Another cause of con- 
fusion was that his troops on the the retreat, were obliged to 
force their way through a body of the enemy's troops, superior 
in numbers." 

On October 27, President Lincoln wrote his endorsement to 
Judge Holt's report, from which the following is taken: "A 
division of troops under General Milroy was substantially lost 
at Winchester, Virginia, in June. Upon inquiry, it has been 
discovered, that Generel Schenck, the Department commander,, 
only advised the withdrawal of Milroy's Division from Win- 
chester, but never positively ordered Milroy to withdraw. He 
believed the services of the forces at Winchester worthy of the 
hazard, and so did not positively order their withdrawal until it 
was so late that the enemy cut the wire and prevented the order 
reaching Milroy. I find that Milroy disobeyed no order upon 
the subject. No court martial is deemed necessary, or proper 
in this case." 

The following officers in the regiment were among the pris- 
oners: Chaplain D. C. Eberhart, Surgeon William H. McCurdy,. 
Quartermaster James Hersh, Captain John Albright, of Com- 
pany K; First Lieutenants Henry Morningstar, of Company G;. 
Isaac Hull, of Company E; Andrew B. Smith, of Company H;. 
Second Lieutenants William Bierbrower, of Company A; W. H. 
H. Welsh, of Company D; Charles P. Stroman, of Company K,, 
and Sergeant Major Frank Geise. No official list of the non- 
commissioned officers and privates captured around Winches- 
ter and Carter's Woods, has been found. The number was offi- 
cially reported at 190, but is stated since to have been 250. 
They were sent to Belle Isle, at Richmond, where they were 
imprisoned for a few weeks, and then paroled and exchanged. 
Not more than 650 officers and men of the regiment were pres- 
ent for duty on June 12. After the hasty retreat from the fight 



— 81 — 

at Carter's Woods 221 officers and men of the 87th Regiment 
escaped to Bloody Run, Pennsylvania, 154 to Harper's Ferry 
and 50 to York. Those who arrived at York encamped there 
for a few days and after the battle of Gettysburg returned 
to the regiment. 

Having been a student of medicine Chaplain Eberhart was 
given special privileges, when he returned to Winchester a 
prisoner. He obtained permission from General Early to assist 
in taking care of the wounded at the Taylor House, then used 
as a hospital, where some of the wounded of the 87th were 
taken. Early also authorized Him to look after the comfort 
and welfare of the fifteen laundry women who were prisoners 
in the main fort. Chaplains Eberhart, of the 87th, and McCabe, 
of the I22d Ohio, were given charge of seventeen women, 
the wives and daughters of Union officers, who had spent the 
winter and spring months in Winchester, and fell into the 
hands of the enemy at the time of the evacuation. Among these 
was the wife of Captain Maish, a daughter of S. F. Guenslen, 
a strong Union man of Winchester. On account of her per- 
sistent and determined efforts to supply food to members of 
the 87th Regiment, who were captured at her house, she was 
ordered under arrest, by the Confederate authorities, and sent 
with other loyal ladies to Castle Thunder in Richmond, where 
she was kept ten days, and then sent under a flag of truce to 
Washington City. Mrs. Maish has since felt herself to be as 
much a part of the regiment as her husband. 

The detachment of the regiment that moved toward Han- 
cock, crossed the Potomac- and passed on with detachments of 
other regiments to Bloody Run, near Bedford, Pa. General 
Milroy went from Harper's Ferry to visit his troops in that 
region, and on June 26, issued a public address to them at 
Bloody Run, in which he said: 

"I am ordered to leave you, and report to General Schenck, 
at Baltimore. With anguish, I bid you farewell. If we do not 
meet again, I shall watch your course and your actions with the 
deepest solicitude. I always expect to point with pride to you 
6 



— 82 — 



as brave soldiers, whom I have had the honor to command. 
Our cause is clouded with adversity now, but will be ultimately 
successful. Hope on, fight on, and may God protect you until 
we see our cause triumph, and peace restored.'*' 

In his official report, prepared June 30, at Bloody Run, Major 
Ruhl says: "After the battles around Winchester, June 12 to 
15, we moved northward, and arrived at Bloody Run June 20, 
when I received orders to assume command of the detachment 
of 210 men of the 87th Regiment." In his second report, made 
out -at Martinsburg*, West Virginia, on August 31, the following 
commissioned officers were mentioned as being present: Cap- 
tain Murray S. Cross, and Lieutenants Stallman, Maish, Savior, 
Norris Daniel, Slaymaker, Martin, Haack, and E. M. Ruhl. 
His detachment was then composed of 11 officers and 274 en- 
listed men on duty and 23 men absent; making a total 
membership of 318. Lieutenant Maish was acting quarter- 
master, and Lieutenant Daniel acting adjutant. 

Several of the officers of the regiment who fell into the hands 
of the enemy, were held in Libby, and other Southern prisons 
until the end of the war. 

After falling back frcm the last charge at Carter's Woods, 
Colonel Schall was given a horse that belonged to Colonel Ely, 
the brigade commander. With 155 of his officers and men, he 
retreated to Harper's Ferry with other troops. The offi- 
cers with Colonel Schall were: Surgeon McKinney, Adjutant 
Emmett, Captains Fahs, Myers, Eckert, Adair and Pfeiffer, and 
Lieutenants Lanius, Spangler, Strickler and Baker. They hal- 
ted for the night on Bolivar Heights. The next morning, they 
moved across the Potomac and joined the forces on Maryland 
Heights. Lieutenant Colonel Stahle went with the detach- 
ment to Hancock and to Bloody Run, but soon afterward re- 
turned to the regiment. 

Thomas Paley, of Company K, thus recalls some of the stir- 
ring scenes and incidents of the Confederate attack on the forts 
at Winchester, and the battle of Carter's Woods: "I had been 
detailed to the engineer corps, and helped to rebuild and 



- 8 3 - 

strengthen the forts. I remember well the terrible artillery 
duel on Sunday evening, June 14, and the heroic stand General 
Milroy made in fighting a large army of rebels. I recall with 
distinctness, and it seems as though I can now hear the loud, 
clear tones of Colonel Schall in giving the command, 'Forward 
Eighty Seventh,' at Carter's Woods. Then he rode ahead of 
the charging column until his fine sorrel horse was shot. With 
the utmost coolness and courage, he quietly dismounted, and 
gallantly led us on almost to the cannon's mouth. As we ap- 
proached the enemy, I saw Lieutenant Lanius, of Company I, 
then quite a young man, leading his part of the line, and as he 
turned around to face us, with his sword waving in the air he 
exclaimed, 'Come on, boys, we'll give them hell!' On this 
charge a number of our brave comrades fell, and as the enemy 
greatly outnumbered us, we were compelled to retreat. I was 
one of those who reached Harper's Ferry." 

A record of the killed and wounded not heretofore mention- 
ed, is given in the succeeding paragraphs. 

Captain Wells A. Farrah, of Company H, was struck by a 
minie ball and instantly killed, just as the regiment began the 
retreat after the last charge. His body fell into the hands of the 
enemy, and is supposed to lie among the unknown dead in the 
cemetery at Winchester. In August, 1861, he had left his fam- 
ily and his home, at Wellsville, Pa., where he had been a pros- 
perous merchant to accept the position of First Lieutenant of 
the company, and was promoted to Captain in January, 1863. 
He was an efficient officer and a brave soldier, displaying gal- 
lantry both in the engagement at Bunker Hill, two days before, 
and in the different charges at Carter's Woods. He was 37 
years old. Sergeant John M. Griffith, of Company H, was 
wounded at Bunker Hill, while standing in the yard, surround- 
ing the home of a Confederate soldier whose family took care 
of him for several days. After the enemy left the Valley, he 
went to a hospital in Philadelphia, until he recovered. Ed- 
ward W T ise, Jacob Hoffer and John Hoffman, all of Company H, 
received slight wounds in the battle June 15. 



- 8 4 - 

Peter Bott, of Company A, was wounded in the leg on the 
evening of June 13, when the regiment was skirmishing on 
the Strasburg pike, just outside of Winchester. After taking 
part in several battles, he was captured June 23, 1864. in front 
of Petersburg. He spent several months at Andersonville, a 
prisoner of war, and after being removed to the prison at Black- 
shear, Georgia, died there the following winter. William 
Shriver was wounded near Winchester. 

Sergeant Robert D. Greer, of Company B, was instantly killed 
in one of the charges at Carter's Woods. His body fell into the 
hands of the enemy, and was buried in the cemetery at Win- 
chester. Levi Tyson, of Company C, was killed on June 15. 

Zachariah Reiehard, of Company C, died on June 16, of 
wounds received near Winchester. Jesse Beck, of the same 
company, died June 26, of wounds received on the 15th. Enoch 
C. Hartman was wounded at Carter's Woods. 

Milton Spickert, of Company E, was mortally wounded by a 
shell, June 13, near the Front Royal road, just outside of Win- 
chester. He died in the hands of the enemy, June 22. Edward 
Owens, of the same company, was wounded, on June 13, by 
the fragment of a shell. He was taken to the hospital at Win- 
chester, fell into the hands of the enemy, and was taken to Belle 
Isle, where the piece cf shell was removed by his comrade, 
Charles Shultz, who was afterward killed at Monocacy. 

William Ilgenfritz, of Company E, was wounded June 15, in 
right arm. The same arm was shattered by a ball at Cedar 
Creek in 1864, and was afterwards amputated at the shoulder. 
There were several other members of Company E slightly 
wounded at Carter's Woods. John Lutz, of this company, was 
instantly killed in the last charge. 

Corporal Skelley, of Company F, was a good fellow and a 
brave soldier who fell mortally wounded at Winchester June 14. 
He was engaged to be married to Jennie Wade, who was killed 
a few days later at the battle of Gettysburg while baking bread 
for Union soldiers. Neither of them heard of the other's fate. 
Miss Wade had his picture in her pocket when she was killed. 



- 8 5 - 

Skelley Post, at Gettysburg, was named by its founders, in 
honor of their fallen comrade. George T. Little and Joseph 
Simpson, of Company F, were wounded by the explosion of 
a shell on June 13, and Forrest McElroy was hit by a minie 
ball during the righting around Winchester on June 14. 

Henry Shultz, of Company G, was among the wounded at 
Carter's Woods. Fie fell into the hands of the enemy and was 
afterward taken to Richmond by way of Culpepper. 

Adolph Weisheit, of Company I, was wounded June 13, re- 
quiring the amputation of his arm near the shoulder. George 
Adams, of the same company, received a flesh wound in the 
side. 

"On Sunday, the 14th," says Corporal Ziegler, of Company 
F, "while on the skirmish line, I found a wounded soldier from 
an Ohio regiment, in danger of bleeding to death. I tied up 
his wound, and stopped the flow of blood. Then I went back 
to Winchester, secured a stretcher, and with a detail of four 
men, took him to the hospital, thus saving his life." Corporal 
Ziegler was afterward stunned by the explosion of a shell in 
the battle on the 15th. He became conscious before the re- 
treat. David Hoffman, of Company K, was wounded June 13, 
losing the index finger of his right hand. He was taken pris- 
oner on the 15th while in the hospital. He was killed at Mine 
Run in the following November. 

William Emenheiser, of Company K, was hit twice at Car- 
ter's Woods. The first ball struck the U. S. plate on his belt, 
and glanced off; the other passed through his blanket, rolled 
up on his shoulders, piercing it with fourteen holes, then grazed 
his back between the shoulders without causing serious wound. 
He was also taken prisoner. 

On the first charge into Carter's Woods, when the 18th Con- 
necticut fired into the 87th by mistake, Peter Free, of Company 
E, was mortally wounded. Together with Sylvester Golding, 
L. J. Klinedinst and John C. Hoffman, he had gone nearly up 
to the enemy's guns, not knowing, on account of the darkness 
his regiment had fallen back. Finding themselves between 



— 86 — 



two fires, the other three boys lay down, still firing on the 
gunners, close in front of them, until the regiment came up 
on the second charge. They had seized a caisson belonging 
to the rebel battery and brought it back to the edge of the 
woods. Fearing an explosion they took it no farther. Golding 
was killed at the battle of Opequon, and Klinedinst died in a 
southern prison, the next year. William Newman and John 
C. Hoffman, on the retreat, got into a ravine, and had laid 
down to get a drink of water from a small stream. They had 
taken but one sup, when a whole line of "Johnnies," on a hill- 
side shouted, "Surrender you blankety blank little Yanks." 
But they preferred to run through the ravine and across a field 
with the zip of minie balls around them, eventually reaching 
Harper's Ferry in the afternoon. 

After the regiment had succeeded in driving the enemy out 
of Winchester, on Saturday, June 13, Charles E. Zimmerman, 
B. F. Frick, Lewis Frey and Alfred Jamison, of Company A, 
were ordered to search a house on one of the main streets, for 
a sharpshooter supposed to be in it. They entered the base- 
ment, and passed up to the landing of the second stairs, when 
a volley from the enemy, a distance away, came in the win- 
dows. One of the balls grazed the left temple of Zimmer- 
man, making a scar several inches in length, and cut off two- 
thirds of his hat rim. Another ball pierced the arm of Jami- 
son, causing a painful flesh wound. 

Early in the afternoon, while Company A was moving down 
the main street of Winchester, a ball fired by a rebel cavalry- 
man, struck the U. S. plate on the belt of Henry C. Ginter, 
passed through the belt and clothing, and lodged in his car- 
tridge box. At Carter's Woods, Private Ginter was wounded 
in the right hip. He concealed himself in the bushes, and after 
the battle was over, escaped on a cavalry horse. He overtook 
the boys of the 87th on their way to Hancock, Maryland, 
where the ball was extracted from his hip by the village phy- 
sician, Dr. Wilson. 

Lieutenant Morningstar, of Company G, escaped to the east- 



- 8 7 - 

ern slopes of the mountains toward Hancock, with a small 
squad of his men, including Daniel Stine and Alfred Wilt. 
They sat down to take a rest supposing they were out of dan- 
ger of being captured, when a body of McNeil's Virginia 
Rangers of mounted infantry came along and marched them of! 
to Martinsburg, and the next day to Winchester, where they 
met their comrades who had been taken prisoners. 

Quartermaster Hersh and Wagon-master Hamme had made 
their way to the right and were hastening toward Harper's 
Ferry, when they were overtaken by some cavalry. After an 
exciting experience Hersh was captured and taken back to 
Winchester and later to Richmond. Hamme escaped to Har- 
per's Ferry on a fleet horse with the bullets whizzing around 
him. The next day he presented Colonel Schall his horse 
which had been captured in West Virginia some months before. 

Frank T. Metzgar, of Company A, now proprietor of 
the National Hotel at York, Pa., had a hand to hand encoun- 
ter with a dismounted cavalryman at the Newtown fight on 
June 12. After the engagement was over he bound up the 
wounds of his antagonist. Metzgar received a painful wound 
in the hand in the last charge at Carter's Woods. He escap- 
ed from the battle field and eluded capture by passing behind 
a stone fence leading toward the Charlestown road. After 
having gone several miles he and some comrades were over- 
taken by General Milroy and his staff. As the enemy had no 
longer kept up the pursuit; Milroy overcome with exhaus- 
tion, fell asleep, and while riding along the road, was held on 
his white horse by his aides. The General and his staff ar- 
rived at Harper's Ferry late in the afternoon. 

George W. Welsh, of Company K, who was afterward 
wounded at Mine Run in November 1863, says: "With seven 
others, I escaped as far as Bunker Hill, where we were all 
captured by the cavalry. We were sent back to Winchester 
and had scarcely anything to eat for three days." 

Samuel W. Keasey, of Company G, later promoted to 2d 
lieutenant of Company D, and the last man in the regiment to 



— 88 — 



be killed, April 2, 1865, received a slight wound in the face 
just before the retreat. Musician Renaut was somewhat de- 
layed in binding up the wounds of his comrade. When he no- 
ticed the ranks breaking, he ran four miles with all possible 
speed, but was captured on the "Johnny Cake" road by some 
lively rebels whose language upon approaching him was noted 
more for its sulphur than its rhetoric. 

Samuel B. Gray, the youngest member of Company E, while 
the regiment was falling back, concealed himself in a gulley 
about half a mile from Carter's Woods. Very soon the 5th 
Virginia came marching toward him, and in a state of trepida- 
tion, he fired a shot into the regiment. He then ran amidst 
a shower of bullets, and escaped half a mile to the north, when 
he saw a squad of Confederate cavalry in front of him. A tree 
concealed him from their sight, but the 5th Virginia came 
in on his rear. Not knowing that he was the boy who tried 
to fight a whole regiment, one of them, in a playful mood, 
called out, "Don't run any further, we 'tins have JVIartinsburg 
now." 

Then Colonel Baxter came riding up and said, "That's the 
Yank I want to send home for a pet," and Private Gray soon 
started, with other prisoners, on an excursion to Richmond, 

"Tiney" Grove, the innocent man of Company G, thought it 
unwise that so many overcoats, should be left on the field. 
After falling out of ranks on one of the charges, he threw over 
his back a dozen coats and began to retreat alone. But he 
was lialted by an officious "Johnny" who caught him by the 
arm, saying, "Yank, I want you and your coats." "Tiney" 
obeyed the command, and marched back with his coats. 

"Surrender!" said the leader of a band of rebels, as they ap- 
proached Samuel McGinley, the funny man of Company H, 
"Our company never drilled that," "Sammy" innocently re- 
plied, but he gave himself and his gun to the enemy without 
resistance. Greenberry Robinson, Colonel Schall's servant, fell 
into the hands of the enemy, but his color was to his advant- 
age this time. As he was being marched through Winchester 



— 8g - 



with other prisoners, Greenberry stepped aside and escaped 
into a yard. He then threw off his military coat and looked 
over the fence at the moving troops, unnoticed and unknown 
among a lot of other colored boys. 

The wife of Private Dittenhafer, of Company C, had been 
a washer-woman for the regiment at Winchester for several 
months. When the evacuation of the fort was ordered, she 
mounted a fleet horse, and endeavored to escape with the train 
men. After the battle at Carter's Woods, when being pur- 
sued by the enemy's cavalry, she rode away in gallant style, 
but was captured and taken back to Winchester and later to 
Richmond. 

Among the prisoners taken at' Winchester was the wife of J. 
F. W. Shultz, of Company E. She was a faithful and popular 
laundress, who spent several months in the encampment at 
Winchester. She was called by the boys, "the Mother of the 
Regiment." 

Captain L. H. Grenewald, of York, was chief of the Jessie 
Scouts in West Virginia, and of the Grey Eagle Scouts in the 
valley under Milroy, who intrusted him with important and re- 
sponsible duties. In July 1863, while leading a band of his men 
he succeeded, at Falling Waters, Virginia, in destroying a pon- 
toon bridge, and capturing part of the wagon train belonging 
to Lee's Army on the retreat from Gettysburg. This was con- 
sidered to be a bold and daring feat, successfully accomplished. 
Later in the war Captain Grenewald commanded a company 
in Cole's Maryland Cavalry. 

Among the prisoners was Corporal Philip M. Shive, of Com- 
pany E and a member of the band. As he entered the fort at 
Winchester, one of the guards called out, "Hello, Philip! what 
are you doing here?" Upon looking up, he recognized the sol- 
dier who accosted him, as an old friend, formerly from York, 
who was now in the Confederate service. Corporal Shive, af- 
ter a short imprisonment at Belle Isle, was paroled and ex- 
changed. He returned to York, and with another comrade, 
took to the regiment a full outfit of fine silver instruments for 



_ 9 o — 

the band, to take the place of the brass ones which were scatter- 
ed to the four points of the compass. 

During the excitement in the fort, on the night of the 14th,. 
a sutler's wagon upset, and its contents were dumped on the- 
ground. James A. Fellers, of Company I, crept out in the 
darkness, toward the upset wagon, and bayonetted a large cake 
of cheese. On the march toward Carter's Woods, he shared 
part of it with some of his comrades. When he entered the 
battle, he lost part of what was left and chucked the balance 
into his haversack. It was still there when the hasty retreat 
began, then he dealt out his cheese in smaller pieces. Some 
of the boys gladly paid for the shares they received. Private 
Fellers lost a leg at the battle of Opequon, September 19, 1861. 

On April 20 the regiment received four months' pay amount- 
ing to nearly $80,000. The next day about $65,000 of this 
amount were sent home to relatives and friends. 



CHAPTER VI. 



JOINING THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC MANASSES GAP BEALTON 

STATION KELLY'S FORD MINE RUN CAMPAIGN. 

This chapter opens with the dark days of the Union, darker 
than any since the gloomy winter when Washington's little ar- 
my lay at Valley Forge. A northern invasion, skillfully plan- 
ned by the Southern leaders, had been consummated, and the 
far-famed Potomac ceased, for a short time, to be the ■ border 
line which controlled the strife. The legions under Lee had 
put that historic river behind them, and were marching through 
Maryland into Pennsylvania. The harvest time was coming 
on, but the farmers of these border States, fled with their 
horses, and many of them with their cattle, across the Susque- 
hanna. The State archives at Harrisburg were gathered for re- 
moval, and formidable barricades guarded the approaches to 
Philadelphia. Ewell had reached Carlisle. Early's Division 
had taken possession of York, and Lee and his hosts were 
breaking through the passes of the Blue Ridge Mountains. 

Every loyal citizen of the North now looked longingly for 
the coming of the Army of the Potomac. Heedless of exhaus- 
tion, regardless of fatigue, keeping pace with the movement of 
their adversaries, that gallant army was bowling along at a 
thundering gait, soon to force an issue with the enemy on free 
soil. Although confident and reliant, yet Northern people 
stood aghast, in awful pause, anxiously awaiting the impending 
conflict. The command of the Potomac army on June 28, had 
been given to General Meade, who met and defeated the invad- 
ing foe, in his native State, on the plains around Gettysburg. 
This victory lifted the gloom and relieved the depression, that 
at one time, almost seemed to defy the efforts of a loyal people. 



— 92 — 

While the battle of Gettysburg was going on, Vicksburg fell, 
30.000 Southern troops surrendering to General Grant. Lee, 
after losing about the same number of men, was in flight to- 
ward Virginia and Meade was pursuing him. Such were the 
tidings of Sunday, July 5, 1863, and all the church bells of the 
North pealed with thanksgiving, and all the bells of the South 
tolled with lamentation. 

Colonel Schall and his men remained on Maryland Heights 
until July 1, with the command under General French who held 
the extreme left of the Army of the Potomac. Meantime the 
men were engaged, almost daily, in working on the fortifica- 
tions. The day the battle of Gettysburg opened, the troops 
blew up the magazine, then loaded 80 canal boats with muni- 
tions of war and supplies, and left on Chesapeake and Ohio 
canal for Washington, a distance of 60 miles. The 87th boys 
went on the Ambition, a boat on which 175 men were crowded. 
They stopped on the way, to repair the canal locks which had 
been damaged by Stuart's Confederate Cavalry, and arrived at 
Washington, July 4. Two days later they went by rail to Fred- 
erick, Maryland, and on the 7th joined the Army of the Poto- 
mac on the return from Gettysburg. The regiment was as- 
signed to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 3d Army Corps. This 
corps had been under General Sickles who lost a leg at Get- 
tysburg. It was now under command of General French. The 
3d Brigade, composed of the 126th Ohio, 67th Pennsylva- 
nia, 106th New York, and 87th Pennsylvania, was placed under 
command of General B. F. Smith. 

Lieutenant Lanius was made acting adjutant of the regiment 
and Captain Blasser, who joined the regiment here, was given 
command of Companies I and K consolidated. 

From July 8 to July 14, the corps was manoeuvering in the 
direction of the enemy, until Lee had crossed the Potomac 
into Virginia. It was in line of battle at Boonsboro, but there 
was no engagement; then passed over the Antietam battlefield 
to Sharpsburg, and reached the Baltimore and Ohio railroad 
at Weaverton. On the 17th, the corps crossed the Potomac on 



— 93 — 

pontoon bridges near Harper's Ferry, and after three days 
marching in pursuit of Lee, arrived at Upperville, Virginia, near 
Ashby's Gap. 

On July 23, the 3d Corps was sent in haste from Ashby's Gap 
to the support of Buford's Cavalry who had found the enemy in 
force at Manasses Gap. The 1st Division pushed through the 
Gap, and the Excelsior Brigade from New York, under Gen- 
eral Spinola, made three heroic charges up so many steep and 
difficult ridges, dislodging and driving the enemy with consid- 
erable loss on both sides. Spinola was twice wounded. Dur- 
ing this fight, the 87th Regiment was on Wapping Heights, in 
full view of battle and part of the time was engaged in skirmish- 
ing. During the night, a dense fog covered the valleys from 
the Alleghanies to the Blue Ridge. When the hot rays of the 
sun caused it to disappear the Federal soldiers looked down 
and found the enemy had marched away. 

Meade had intended to have a general engagement with Lee's 
forces at Manasses Gap, but the next day it was discovered that 
the Excelsior Brigade had been fighting a brigade of Ewell's 
men, holding the Gap, while Rodes' Division, forming the rear- 
guard of Lee's army, marched up the valley under cover of the 
dense fog. No enemy remained to engage in battle. Meade 
had lost two days in getting French's Corps into and out of the 
Gap, and Lee meantime, moved rapidly southward, passing 
around Meade's right flank and appeared in his front when our 
army looked across the Rappahannock. 

After the failure to flank Lee at Manasses Gap, the 3d Corps 
moved southward, and went into camp near Warrenton, where 
it remained for a month. On account of the intense heat neith- 
er army was in a condition to take the offensive. Many of the 
men had fallen out of the ranks on the long march on account 
of the oppressive weather. The 87th Regiment, like some of 
the other commands, had nothing but shelter tents to shield 
them from the hot rays of the sun. The men made arbors over 
their tents, covered with pine boughs as a protection. The 
country had been foraged to death. But there was one kind of 



— 94 — 

fruit that gladdened the hearts of the boys in blue, both on the 
march toward Warrenton and during the encampment there. 
Blackberries, large, luscious and very palatable were found in 
great abundance. They were gathered and eaten with evident 
relish, and proved to be good diet. 

August i, the 3d Corps moved toward the Rappahannock, 
and encamped two miles from that stream. Colonel Schall went 
to Washington to attend the court of inquiry in reference to 
Milroy's evacuation of Winchester. During his absence, the 
regiment was in command of Lieutenant Colonel Stahle. For 
a short time, Colonel Schall commanded the 3d Brigade. On 
September 7, the corps was reviewed by General Meade. On 
September 12 Colonel Stahle furnished the following report of 
the strength of the regiment: 15 officers and 205 men present 
for duty in camp near the Rappahannock, and 12 officers and 
295 men with the detachment at Martinsburg, making the to- 
tal strength of the regiment 527 officers and men. Some of 
the men captured at Winchester had been paroled, but were 
not exchanged, and hence had not returned to the regiment. 

Heavy cannonading was heard on the 13th, and two days 
later the brigade moved to Kelly's Ford on the Rappahan- 
nock, crossed the river there, and marched twelve miles farther 
on, halting for the night near Culpepper. On the following 
day, they moved four miles west of Culpepper, and went into 
camp. On the September 25, the detachment under Major 
Ruhl arrived in camp. They were heartily welcomed by their 
comrades. 

The movements of Major Ruhl's command are reported by 
him as follows: "June 30 we marched 8 miles to Bedford, and 
on July 3 returned to Bloody Run. July 4 we marched 20 miles, 
snd the next day we moved to Loudon, via McConnelsburg, 14 
miles, and in the evening went to Mercersburg. While there we 
received orders from the commanding general to take to 
Loudon, 400 prisoners, 400 horses and mules and 90 wagons, 
captured from the enemy returning from Gettysburg, by detach- 
ments of the 1st New York and the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 



— 95 - 

regiments. July 13 we marched to Greencastle, Pa., via Mer- 
cersburg, a distance of 18 miles. The next day we moved to 
Hagerstown, Md., and the following day, passed over the An- 
tietam battlefield to Sharpsburg. On August 1, we went to 
Martinsburg via Harper's Ferry marching thirty miles in one 
day." 

Major Ruhl remained at Martinsburg until September 24, 
when he received orders "to proceed with detachments of the 
87th Pennsylvania, 110th Ohio, and the 6th Maryland regiments 
to the Army of the Potomac by way of Washington City, and 
report to General Meade." He was directed to take with him 
all property of said detachments, including shelter and hospital 
tents. They left Martinsburg at 8 a. m., September 24. Upon 
arriving at Washington, General Martindale, Military Governor 
of the District of Columbia, issued the following: "Pass Major 
Noah G. Ruhl, commanding 598 men, within the lines of the 
United States forces at Culpepper, Virginia." The following 
day Major Ruhl and his men joined the regiment in camp near 
Culpepper. 

Twelve hundred officers and men of the 3d Brigade includ- 
ing the 87th Regiment, on October 7, were detailed for picket 
duty for three days. They went on the 8th. Two days later 
the remainder of the brigade, with the division, marched from 
camp and at 3 p. m. formed in line of battle, in an open plain, 
about two miles west of Culpepper Court House. They re- 
mained in that position until 8 a. m. of the following day. This 
was the beginning of what is known as the Bristoe campaign. 
Late in the afternoon of the nth, that part of the brigade, not 
on picket, and the 2d Brigade were placed in charge of the 
corps wagon train, which also included ammunition wagons, 
pontoon wagons and ambulances. The train crossed the Rap- 
pahannock going east on the night of the nth. 

On the morning of October n, after the departure of the 
corps from the camp near Culpepper, the pickets referred to 
above from the 3d Brigade, were attacked by the enemy while 
endeavoring to join their command. The 106th New York 



- 9 6 - 

lost in this engagement 3 men killed, 7 wounded and 18 captur- 
ed. These casualties occurred when this regiment got between 
the enemy's skirmishers and their cavalry reserve. By skillful 
manoeuvering the 87th escaped with one man missing, Conrad 
Nickel, of Company G. The pickets then withdrew toward 
Culpepper, closely followed by the Federal cavalry who were 
hard pressed by the enemy. Upon reaching Brandy Station, 
the pickets had an opportunity of witnessing a grand cavalry 
charge, while they were supporting a battery. The Federal Cav- 
alry had formed in three lines, with drawn sabres and charged 
across the plain below, meeting the Confederate cavalry at 
the edge of a grove, and a hand-to-hand encounter took 
place. Meantime Custer's Brigade of cavalry which had been 
cut off fought their way through the enemy's lines and rejoined 
their dvision. The brigade pickets then crossed the Rappahan- 
nock and joined the balance of the brigade at Freeman's Ford. 
At 4 a. m. of the 13th, the entire 3d Division under General Carr 
marched to Three Mile Station, remaining there two hours, then 
moved to Greenwich. The next day the divison guarded the 
corps train, took it across Bull Run where they lay in line of 
battle all night. At 8 a. m., the division moved to Union Mills. 
On this day the 87th was ordered on picket, and had a slight 
skirmish with the enemy without any loss. On the 16th, three 
regiments of the 3d Brigade and one regiment from the 1st 
Brigade were sent to Wolf Run Shoals to support Buford's Cav- 
alry. After seeing the cavalry safely across Bull Run, they re- 
joined the division the same day. 

Lee, foiled in his attempt to interpose between Meade's army 
and the city of Washington, returned to Manassas Plains, and 
the following day moved to Buckland Mills, by way of Green- 
wich and bivouacked at sunset. 

October 21, the 3d Corps marched to Catlett's Station on the 
Orange and Alexandria Railroad, where it remained four days. 
While in camp here, most of the men of the 87th, who had been 
captured at Winchester, returned to the regiment, thus materially 
increasing its strength. The 3d Brigade on the 25th, marched to 




6 



- 9 8 - 

Bealton Station to support Colonel Devens' Brigade of cavalry, 
taking position under cover of a woods. In this engagement 
the regiment and entire brigade were under a heavy artillery fire 
for several hours with shells bursting among them and all 
around them. The cavalry while skirmishing tried to draw the 
Confederates into musketry range, but without success. The 
enemy in this movement attempted to carry off the railroad iron 
of the torn-up track, between Rappahannock and Bealton Sta- 
tions. On the 28th, the 2d Brigade relieved the 3d, which re- 
turned to its former camp at Catlett Station. The camp was 
moved October 30 to a position near Warrenton, where the 
regiment mustered for pay the next morning, and remained in 
this camp until November 7. 

The movement of the 1st, 2d, and 3d Corps to cross the Rap- 
pahannock, began early in the morning. Smith's Brigade left 
camp at 6 a. m., and arrived with the corps at Kelly's Ford. At 
1 -30 p. m. of the 7th it formed in line to sustain the 1st Division 
■of the corps, while it was engaged in driving the Confederates 
from musketry range of the ford. When this work was ac- 
complished Carr's Division crossed the river, and soon after 
sunset, went into bivouac. They were now only a few hundred 
yards from the battle line. An engagement was expected the 
next morning, but when daylight came, it was found the Con- 
federates had retreated. 

At 8 a. m. of the 8th, the entire corps advanced to a point on 
the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, two miles from Brandy 
Station. The 2d Brigade at once began to skirmish with the 
Confederates who soon fell back. In the movement of this 
day, the 87th and another regiment of the 3d Brigade marched 
in echelon, the other two regiments moved in column form, 
closed in mass in the rear. The 87th passed through this en- 
gagement without any loss, and at night bivouacked in a woods, 
half a mile from Brandy Station. November 10, they marched 
to camp near Brandy Station. The weather grew very cold. 
Here they remained for two weeks. 

Lee was now south of the Rapidan, strongly intrenched along 



— 99 — 

Mine Run. Meade determined to draw him into action before 
he was secure in the occupancy of his position. With this in 
view, the Union Army was divided into three columns, the first 
or right column was composed of the 3d Corps under General 
French, and the 6th Corps under General Sedgwick, the for- 
mer leading, was to cross the Rapidan at Jacobs' Mills; the sec- 
ond or centre column composed of the 2d Corps, under General 
Warren, was to cross at Germanna Ford; and the third or left 
column, composed of the 1st Corps under General Newton, and 
the 5th Corps under General Sykes, at Culpepper Mine Ford. 

The expedition started on the morning of the 26th. The 
2d Corps was at the point of rendezvous at the appointed time, 
but French who was leading the two right corps, stumbled on 
the wrong road, which caused a delay. 

The 87th Regiment under Colonel Stahle, was part of the 
3d Brigade commanded by Gen. B. F. Smith. General Can- 
was the division commander. The march from camp near 
Brandy Station, began in the forenoon and after moving 12 
miles, crossed the Rapidan on pontoons over Ely's Ford at 
Jacobs' Mills, and bivouacked in a field. The roads were very 
muddy, on the way to the Rapidan. Rain had been falling, then 
freezing and thawing weather followed. General French could 
not take his artillery across the river at Ely's Ford, but had to 
send it by Germanna Ford. He had no trustworthy guide 
and confusion followed. Prince's Division, then in the lead, 
lost its way, and it had to retrograde on the evening of the 
26th. At 7 a. m. of November 27, the march was begun over 
the road leading to Robertson's Tavern. The 3d Division 
closely following the 2d, with strong flanking parties on the 
right. The 1st Division brought up the rear. 

The column moved slowly forward on account of the uncer- 
tainty of the road At 9 a. m., a few musketry shots were 
heard in front. At 11:25 Smith's Brigade halted on the edge of 
a field on the left of the road about three miles from Jacobs' 
Mills. At 12:30, firing in front of 2d Division became very 

brisk. At 2:30 p. m., Carr's Division had been ordered to take 
LofC. 



IOO 



position to the left of 2d Division. Johnson's and Rodes' Di- 
visions of Ewell's Corps were drawn up in line of battle at Lo- 
cust Grove, five miles from Jacobs' Mills. 

In reference to this engagement at Locust Grove General 
Smith, commanding 3d Brigade, reported as follows: ''Nov. 27 
the brigade marched with the corps soon after sunrise, over the 
same road the greater part of the distance traveled day before. 
The 2d Division of the corps being in the advance, came upon 
the enemy about noon. My brigade being in rear of its divis- 
ion, moved slowly along, closed up, with flankers w T ell thrown 
out. At 4 p. m., the rapidity of the firing and the number of 
the wounded brought to the rear, indicated the enemy was in 
force. I received verbal orders to move forward with the bri- 
gade, and was directed by General Carr, to move quickly and 
take position in line, my right joining the left of General Mor- 
ris' Brigade. In moving through the thick woods, I sent two 
staff officers in different directions, to find the brigade of Gener- 
al Morris, as I had no time to reconnoiter the ground, over 
which I w T as passing. Finding the 2d Brigade, taking the posi- 
tion indicated for mine, I was then ordered to join my right on 
2d Brigade, and connect with 2d Corps on my left. 

"In marching to my position, I came to a clearing of low 
ground, through which ran a miry creek, on the opposite of 
which was a matted thicket, which was covered by the enemy's 
fire. In order to protect my men, until I could place them in the 
position indicated, I filed the left in front of the line under cover 
of some small hills. When this was done, I directed the left 
to move back to the line proper, the right having joined with 
the left of the 2d Brigade. In doing this, the most of my bri- 
gade was thrown in the tangled timber around which on the left 
flank, the enemy was moving in heavy columns. The brigade 
was under a severe fire without being able to see or accom- 
plish anything. The left being in some confusion on account 
of the character of the country, I found it necessary to reform 
the brigade in a clearing, a short distance in the rear. It then 



— ior — 

moved along the crest of a hill, a little farther to the left and 
rear, a good position. 

"After consulting with General Howe, of the 6th Corps, who 
was of opinion that the hill should be held at all hazards, I re- 
mained there, thus holding the extreme left. A brigade of the 
6th Corps closed the gap on my right. 

"By this movement I prevented the enemy from turning our 
flank. The 2d Corps, with which I was ordered to connect, 
must have been some miles on our left, as I could not find or 
communicate with it. During these movements the sun went 
down and the battle ceased." 

Colonel Thomas Eagan, of the 40th New York, in his report 
of this engagement says: "The 3d Michigan and the 40th New 
York, formed a second line in rear of the 87th and the 138th 
Pennsylvania." 

When the brigade was ordered to fall back, as mentioned in 
General Smith's report, about 80 men of the 87th Regiment, 
lined up with the 40th New York, and fought bravely with that 
regiment until dark. It was during this time that most of the 
casualties in the 87th occurred. 

After the brigade had fallen back, it became difficult for the 
officers to reform their lines. The brigade and entire division 
were still under fire from the enemy. During this exciting ex- 
perience, Lieutenant Stallman, of Company C, and Lieutenant 
Lanius, who commanded Company I in this engagement, met 
at the brow of a hill. While carrying on an animated conver- 
sation about the arrangement of their companies, a piece of shell 
severed the strap of Lieutenant Lanius' haversack, which drop- 
ped to the ground. The Major of an Ohio Regiment standing 
near, jokingly said: "Lieutenant you had better retreat at 
once, your base of supplies is cut off." The regiment was soon 
reformed and held its position till the battle ended. 

During the night the enemy fell back to their intrenched po- 
sition behind Mine Run, leaving their dead and wounded on the 
field. 

In the engagement of this day, November 27, George Hitzel, 



102 

of Company F, was shot through the head and instantly killed. 
The wounded men were as follows: 

Company B — William Eicholtz, finger; William McCoy, right 
knee; William Zorger left forearm. 

Company C. — Levi C. Frey, left shoulder. 

Company D. — James Muntis, leg; George Armor, leg. 

Company E. — William Quickel, left arm, amputated. Corpo- 
ral Valentine Roush, hip; William Strater, ankle ; Casper Cleff- 
man, hip. 

Company G. — Charles Booth, finger. 

The following is taken from Lieutenant Colonel Stahle's offi- 
cial report or the Mine Run expedition: 

"At 7 a. m. of November 27 we marched with 3d Brigade? 
on the right of the brigade left in front, about 3 miles, and rest- 
ed in the woods till 3 p. m. marched forward, met the enemy and 
after a very sharp fight, losing one man killed and eleven men 
wounded, we marched with the brigade to a new position; lay 
on arms during the night. 

"November 28th 3 a. m. marched with the brigade on the right 
centre of brigade left in front, bivouacked in a field. Novem- 
ber 29th brigade formed line at 3 p. m. my command on the 
right centre, for the purpose of storming enemy's fortifications. 
We remained in line till night, then bivouacked. November 30 
marched at 3 a. m. on right of 3d Brigade left in front; took po- 
sition in line of battle by brigade right in front. I deployed 
Company K in advance of regiment as skirmishers. The com- 
pany advanced about 500 yards into a very thick pine woods, 
when they were fired upon by the enemy lying in ambush, losing 
three men killed and 4 men wounded. The company returned 
the fire, and held their position. I sent Company A forward to 
support the skirmishers. The two companies remained in their 
respective positions till relieved by details from the 2d Corps; 
then rejoined the regiment, which had moved to the ground 
where it had marched in the morning; we bivouacked in the 
woods. 

"December 1 we marched at 1 p. m. on the right centre of bri- 



— 103 ; — 

ga.de right in front; bivouacked in the woods. Dec. 2 marched 
at 6 a. rn. on the right of the brigade right in front, crossing 
the Rapidan River on pontoon bridge at Culpepper Mine Ford. 
We took position in line of battle on a hill in the woods close 
by the river, to guard the ford. We remained in position till 
3 p. m., then marched on the right of the brigade right in front 
and bivouacked in the woods. Dec. 3 marched at 1 a. m. on the 
left of brigade, right in front, arriving at Brandy Station at 8 
a. m.; went into camp in the woods near the station." 

Carr's Division, on the morning of the 28th, moved forward 
in rear of 6th Corps wagon train, halting at 8 a. m. along a 
large field where part of the 6th Corps was massed. Heavy 
rains had fallen, which were followed by intensely cold weath- 
er. The soldiers built fires of green pine wood. These fires 
filled the air with a black pungent smoke, which affected the 
eyes, and became very annoying. At 4 a. m. the division moved 
on, and halted at sunset, on the left of the 1st Division, threw 
out pickets and bivouacked on the east side of Mine Run. 

Early in the morning of November 29, General French order- 
ed General Carr to hold his command in readiness to join in the 
general assault on the enemy's works beyond Mine Run. The 
day passed without the assault being made. 

At 12:30 a. m. of November 30 Carr received orders from 
Meade to move at 2 a. m. and report to General Warren com- 
manding 2d Corps. He moved to a position on the right of 
the 2d Division of the 3d Corps, on the west side of Mine Run, 
Warren told Carr that the attack about to be made, should be- 
gin by his (Carr's) Division, pushing through the thick woods 
in his front, and his arrival on the other side of the woods, was 
to be the signal for the advance of the rest of the line, over the 
comparatively clear ground on the left. General Carr deployed 
a number of skirmishers, and made every preparation for the 
intended attack. About this time the 2d Corps' pickets were 
withdrawn from Carr's front, and he advanced his skirmishers 
to take the position just vacated. A sharp skirmish ensued 
resulting in a loss of 3 men killed and 4 wounded. These cas- 



- — 104 — 

ualties were in Company K, of the 87th Regiment, as stated 
above in Colonel Stahle's report. 

General Carr held his command in position until 12:30 p. m., 
when he was ordered by Warren to report back to French, join- 
ing the 3d Corps at 3 p. m. 

In this engagement Jacob Foos and his brother Matthew* and 
David Hoffman were instantly killed. 

Sergeant George W. Welsh was wounded in both thighs, 
Henry Kisner in the left knee, J. Valentine Beck in the foot, 
and in the right forearm which was amputated. 

General Warren in whose command the 87th Regiment with 
its division was temporarily transferred on the morning of the 
30th, made the following statements of his operations on that 
day: "At daylight all was prepared, and as the sun shone up- 
on the enemy's line I examined the whole front. I found that 
the line had been re-enforced with all the troops and artillery 
that could be put in position; the breastworks, epaulements, 
and abatis perfected, and that a run of eight minutes was the 
least time our line could have, to close the space between us, 
during which we would be exposed to every species of fire. I 
decided not to attack, and so informed General Meade. The 
operations of the day were suspended." 

General Sedgwick who on the morning of the 30th was com- 
manding two corps says: "At 2 a. m. of the morning, having 
been placed in command of the 5th and 6th Corps, I moved 
about two miles to the right. It was the intention of the general 
commanding to make a sudden and determined attack upon the 
enemy's left under a concentrated fire from our batteries. The 
movement of our troops had been carefully concealed from the 
enemy and at the appointed time 8 a. m. I opened fire from six 
batteries, and prepared to move promptly upon the enemy's po- 
sition at 9 a. m., the hour fixed for the assault. The enemy re- 
plied promptly from several batteries. At 8:15 I received the 
order of the commanding general to suspend my attack until 
further orders. The batteries ceased firing upon both sides, 



— 105 — 

and the enemy prepared to make alterations. During the day 
I was ordered back." 

General Lee's forces were beyond Mine Run, on the crest of 
a hill, the slopes of which had lately been covered with a pine 
forest. This had been cut down and formed into an almost im- 
passable abatis. His position was a very strong natural forti- 
fication, and sufficient time had elapsed for him to make his line 
almost impregnable. A ravine lay between the opposing ar- 
mies. Through this ravine Mine Run flowed. It was a nar- 
row stream, now deep and on account of the intense cold was 
partly frozen over. The run had precipitous banks with boggy 
approaches, throughout the entire length of the ravine. 

Sometime during the morning of the 30th General Sedgwick 
took a gun, and in the dress of a private soldier walked out to 
the Federal pickets. He made a careful observation of the 
Confederate lines and fortifications. Upon his return made a 
very unfavorable report of the situation. Meade held a con- 
ference with his corps commanders, and soon thereafter, decided 
not to make the assault. 

Major Ruhl was in command of the skirmishers in front of the 
regiment on the 30th. Early in the morning, he ordered the 
man in charge of his two horses, to bring up '"Billy," a fine look- 
ing animal. The hostler wanted him to take the other horse, 
"for Billy." said he, "will be killed to-day, Major, if you take 
him." "But bring him up, John," said the Major. "I guess 
the horse and rider will both be dead before night." Then he 
handed his watch and other valuables to the chaplain, with the 
request that they be sent home. He never expected to return 
from the important duty of that day. But the assault was not 
ordered, and horse and rider returned to the regiment. 

During the suspense, while the army was awaiting the order 
to make the assault. General Carr rode along the lines. He 
halted in front of General Smith's headquarters, where a num- 
ber of regimental and company commanders were standing, and 
said: 'The officer whose command gets inside of the enemy's 
works first, will be recommended for promotion." 



. — 106 — 

''When the time comes, General, every man in the 3rd Bri- 
gade will do his duty," was the quick response of General Smith. 

While the regiment was in the front of battle awaiting the 
signal for the 3d Division to begin the assault, nearly every 
man pinned his name to his clothing, or wrote it carefully in his 
diary, in order that his body might be identified if he fell among 
the slain. Had the charge been made on that eventful Monday 
of November 30, 1863, few members of the 87th Regiment 
would have answered to the roll call on the following morning. 
The suspense of the long wait for the order to lead in the charge 
across the ravine, and scale the fortified position of the enemy, 
was probably the most trying experience the regiment had 
during its term of service. 

After the volley was fired by the enemy into Company K 
when on the skirmish line, it fell back a short- distance. Being 
then supported by Company A, the position was held until these 
skirmishers were relieved from the 2nd Corps. The bodies of 
the three men, who were killed, fell into the hands of the enemy. 
Sometime afterward, an effort was made, by relatives, to find 
out where they were buried, but without success. 

"The 3rd Brigade moved back at noon of December 1," says 
General Smith, "in accordance with orders, to the junction of 
the Orange and Fredericksburg pike, and the plank road to 
Germanna Ford, to support the cavalry and cover the flank, 
while the infantry moved to the rear. December 2, the brigade 
moved with Taylor's Cavalry and one battery, and covered the 
rear of the troops crossing at Culpepper Ford. A few of the 
enemy's cavalry followed and skirmished with the rear cavalry 
regiments. After seeing all the troops and trains across Cul- 
pepper Mine Ford, I crossed and placed the brigade in position 
until the pontoon bridge was taken up and taken away, when 
I received orders from General Gregg to rejoin my corps, which 
I did near the ford about 2 p. m. and marched with it until 
sunset, when the division bivouacked in the woods. We 
reached Brandy Station at sunrise on December 3, and re-oc- 
cupied the old camp left just one week before." 



— 107 — 

Early in November, Colonel Schall had been ordered to 
Washington for medical treatment. He was seriously ill for 
several weeks, and was compelled to remain at the hospital 
He never fully recovered until April, 1864, about a month be- 
fore the opening of the wilderness campaign. 

Lieutenant E. M. Ruhl, of Company D, was an aide on the 
staff of General French during the fall of 1863, and while the 
Army of the Potomac was in winter quarters until its reorgani- 
zation in March, 1864. 

Captain Cross was on special duty at Washington at the time 
of the Mine Run campaign. During his absence, Company C 
was in command of Lieutenant Stallman. Captain Pfeiffer was 
appointed inspector general on brigade staff early in Novem- 
ber, and remained in that position for some time after the regi- 
ment went into winter quarters. During that period, Lieuten- 
ant Lanius commanded Company I. 

Dr. McKinney, who was acting surgeon of the regiment 
since June, 1863, was promoted to surgeon, soon after the Mine 
Run campaign. Theodore Helwig was appointed assistant sur- 
geon, succeeding Harris C. Steadman. During part of the fall 
of 1863, Captain Blasser, who had been a student of med- 
icine before he entered the military service, acted as assistant 
surgeon. Lieutenant Stallman was placed on special duty to 
construct corduroy roads, after the engagement at Locust 
Grove. During his absence, for a short time, Company C was 
in command of Lieutenant Savior. Lieutenant Strickler, of 
Company E, for three months of the following winter, com- 
manded Company H. Amos Ness, who afterward was detailed 
as a sharpshooter, was captured near Warrenton, early in No- 
vember, but made his escape three hours after he fell into the 
hands of the enemy. 



CHAPTER VII. 



WINTER ENCAMPMENT AT BRANDY STATION. 

On December 4 the regiment, with the entire corps, changed 
camp to a position nearer to Brandy Station, and occupied log 
cabins which had been built by the Confederate soldiers only a 
short time before. Here they went into winter quarters. 
There were not enough of cabins for the entire regiment. 
Some of the boys put up snug little cabins for themselves. The 
paymaster came along early in December. For a time, green- 
backs were plentiful all around Brandy Station. 

Colonel Hay and Major Buehler came on December 11, to 
visit the regiment. The balance of the year was spent in 
picket duty, company, battalion and regimental drills, dress 
parades, and fixing up the quarters for the winter. 

December 20 George J. Chalfant, of Company A, wrote: 
"The men who were captured at Winchester, returned to the 
regiment before the Mine Run campaign. They have all been 
supplied with Springfield rifles; in fact we have but few Enfield, 
rifles in the regiment now. The men returned to us in good 
spirits. The chaplain entertained us with an amusing account 
of his prison experience." 

Soon after the regiment w r as settled in winterquarters a large 
number of boxes arrived from home. They contained an 
abundant supply of good things to eat which were the most 
acceptable Christmas gifts that could have been received. 

Christmas was ushered in by all the bands in camp playing 
lively tunes at daylight. January 31 Lieutenant Colonel Stahle 
obtained a leave of absence to go home. While in camp at 
Brandy Station, the picket line of the army occupied about the 
same ground as before the retrograde movement to Centerville, 



— iog — 

being about ten miles distant from the camp of the 87th Regi- 
ment. 

On December 31 the regiment had 14 officers and 567 men 
present for duty, 32 on extra duty, 27 sick, 2 in the guard-house, 
115 absent on detailed duty and 14 missing in action. The 
total strength of the regiment was 803. On the first day of 
January the sum of $204 was raised and sent to the Christian 
Commission at Baltimore. This money was used to purchase 
supplies to be sent to the officers of the regiment who were 
held as prisoners in Richmond. 

The eventful year of 1864 opened with an extremely cold day. 
The regiment was sent out on picket duty, and returned to camp 
the following day. After brigade inspection on the nth, the 
drum corps went out to quarry stones to pave the streets of the 
camp. Dr. Jamison, the division surgeon, recommended a sys- 
tem of drainage, for the standing water in camp had caused 
much sickness. 

There was considerable interest taken in an order for a pub- 
lic execution of two deserters, at 2d Division " headquarters 
Many of the boys went to witness it. On the day the execution 
was to take place, the men were pardoned. A member of 
Company G, who deserted, and had been brought back, was 
sentenced to have his head shaved and forfeit his pay. He was 
drummed out of the service, through all the camps of the bri- 
gades. A board was placed on his back, with the words, "Ut- 
terly worthless," written on it. He was then marched to the 
train, and sent away from camp, never to return. 

Soon after the army went into camp, some of the officers' 
wives and families, came to spend part of the winter at Brandy 
Station. A comrade in w riting home says : "To see ladies here 
does us all good. The hard every-day life of the army is hostile 
to the cultivation of refinement of manners. Their presence 
softens the nature of the soldier, who has been separated so long 
from home and all its endearments." 

The January ball was the society event of the winter encamp- 
ment. It was given in a large tent, sent down from Washing- 



— no — 

ton, and a number of ladies and gentlemen of note, from that 
city were present. Officers and their wives, and invited guests 
were dressed in elegant style. The women wore large hoops, 
according to the fashion of that day. The band of the New 
Jersey Brigade furnished the patriotic music, and a fine orches- 
tra, composed of soldiers, played for the dancers. It was an 
interesting occasion, and like at Belgium's capital before Water- 
loo, there was, 

A sound of revelry by night at Brandy Station, 
And soft eyes looked love to eyes that spake again. 

But there was no distant roar of cannon to break up the enter- 
tainment, like that heard by Wellington's men at Brussels. It 
came the next day and caused a commotion in camp until it was 
discovered that it was caused by a Federal battery testing some 
new guns down by the Rapidan. 

Captain Myers and Lieutenant Stallman received orders on 
February 17 to report at Carlisle, Pa., for recruiting service. 
Frequent details of 100 to 200 men of the regiment were sent 
out on picket duty, for three or four days at a time. Heavy fir- 
ing was heard in camp on February 6. The regiment marched 
at 5 p. m. and arrived at Pony Mountain, 8 miles from camp at 
9 p. m. It rained all night, and the men lav down on the 
ground to sleep without tents. They returned to camp the next 
day in mud, at places knee deep. At dress parade on Feb. 13, 
the regiment wore new suits, making a splendid appearance. 
February 17 was the coldest night of the winter. "The bovs 
remained in their cabins all day. The next day the Rappahan- 
nock was a sheet of ice, but there were no skates within sixty 
miles of camp." 

The re-enlistment fever that broke out early in January, still 
continued until 180 of the regiment entered the veteran service, 
receiving a government bounty of $400, and also a local bounty 
from the district to which they were accredited. 

General French reviewed his corps on March t6, on the farm 
of Hon. John Minor Botls, a noted Virginian who was loyal to 
the Union and opposed the secession of his State. 



— 112 — 



On March 27, Colonel Stahle who during the temporary ab- 
sence of General B. F. Smith, had been appointed to command 
the 3d Brigade held a review. Major Ruhl was then in com- 
mand of the regiment, which received pay for two months on 
the 22d, and the next day the deepest snow of the winter fell. 
An equinoctial storm blew it into drifts. Soon the warm 
rays of the sun melted it and mud was plentiful and cheap. First 
Sergeant James B. Beck was in command of Company D for 
several months, while the regiment was in winter quarters at 
Brandy Station. 

On March 3, Congress passed an act reviving the rank of 
Lieutenant General. President Lincoln bestowed this high hon- 
or upon General Grant. His brilliant record as a commander 
in the West, caused public opinion as well as military judgment 
to point him out as the one person fitted for the position. At a 
cabinet meeting in the White House, Lincoln and Grant met 
for the first time. It was then that the President addressed the 
distinguished soldier as follows: 

"The Nation's appreciation of what you have already done, 
and its reliance upon you for what remains to be done, in the 
great struggle, are now presented with this commission, con- 
stituting you Lieutenant General of the armies of the Lmited 
States. As the country trusts you, so under God, it will sus- 
tain you. With what I here speak for the Nation goes my own 
hearty personal concurrence." 

To which General Grant responded: "I accept the commis- 
sion with gratitude for the high honor conferred. With the aid 
of the noble armies that have fought on so many battlefields for 
our common country, it will be my earnest endeavor not to dis- 
appoint, your expectations. I feel the full weight of the respon- 
sibilities now devolving upon me: and I know that if they are 
properly met it will be due to those armies ; and above all to the 
favor of that Providence which leads both nations and men." 

This ceremony took place March 9. On the following day 
Grant visited the Army of the Potomac in winter quarters- 
stretching from the Rappahannock toward the Rapidan, a dis- 



— H3 — 

tance of several miles. He went back to Washington; but soon 
afterward returned and conducted a grand review of the army. 
The weather was bad. Rain had fallen for several days by the 
flood measurement. There was mud by the square mile, not 
only at Brandy Station, but all over the winter cantonment of 
nearly one hundred thousand Federal troops. 

There was no pomp or display connected with this review. 
Some members of the staff posed more pretentiously than their 
chief, whose name had become a household word all over the 
country. He was to command men who had fought gallantly 
under McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker and Meade, the 
successive commanders of the Army of the Potomac. 

In the meantime Grant and Meade made preparations for a 
reorganization of the Army of the Potomac by consolidating the 
five corps into three. The order was issued March 23d, and 
the work was accomplished during the following two days. The 
1st and 3rd corps were discontinued. The wearers. of the dia- 
mond badge, — the emblem of the 3rd corps, — gloried in the re- 
cord they made. They were displeased with the order. All 
this counted for naught at the War Department. The orders 
were enforced. The 1st and 2nd Division of the 3d Corps with 
Birney and Mott in command were transferred to the 2nd 
Corps. The 3d Division of the 3d Corps, in which the 87th 
Regiment had served since July, 1863, became the 3d Division 
of the 6th Corps. This division was now placed in command of 
Gen. James B. Ricketts, a graduate of West Point, who had 
served in the Mexican War and had won distinction in the Army 
of the Potomac. 

The 3d Division, after the consolidation, exchanged camps 
with the 1st Division of the 3rd Corps. The 87th Regiment 
was assigned to the 1st Brigade under Gen. William H. Mor- 
ris, composed of the 14th New Jersey, 10th Vermont, 106th and 
151st New York and 87th Pennsylvania. General Morris was 
a son of the famous journalist and poet, Geo. P. Morris. He 
invented a repeating carbine and published a work on "Tactics 
for Infantry." 

7 



— ii4 — 

Two days after Ricketts' division was fixed in its new quarters, 
the brigades were formed in line for review by General Sedg- 
wick the corps commander. The other two divisions of the 
corps were formed in the rear of the 3rd Division. After the 
review was ended Morris formed his brigade in front of his head- 
quarters and required the men to parade in heavy marching 
orders with overcoats rolled up on top of knapsacks. 

The regimental bands were in line and played lively music. 
Each regiment presented arms in succession as the brigade and 
division commander approached the centre. The march was 
begun with arms at right shoulder shift. Each regimental com- 
mander, when arriving within fifty paces of General Morris, or- 
dered his regiment to shoulder arms. After passing that offi- 
cer, they were brought to right shoulder shift. Each colonel 
then took position to the right of the brigade commander, while 
the regiment passed in review. Then the ranks of the 106th 
New York and the 87th Pennsylvania were opened for inspec- 
tion. 

The 6th Corps, after the consolidation of the army, contained 
40 regiments of infantry, and an artillery brigade, composed of 
8 batteries of light artillery. The entire membership of the 
corps on May 1st was 24,163 "present for duty." The history 
of the corps is replete with interest. Its record is surpassingly 
good, and is filled with the romance and the brilliancy of the 
war. The 87th belonged to this corps during the remainder of 
its term of service. 

In the succeeding pages of this book will be described the 
hand-to-hand fighting of the corps at Spottsylvania, the fierce 
contest at Cold Harbor, the desperate fighting of Ricketts' Di- 
vision at Monocacy, when his gallant men saved the capital of 
the nation from the hands of the invaders; the victories in the 
Valley of Virginia under Sheridan; and the crowning success 
of the corps at the storming of Petersburg. The Greek cross 
waved proudly on the banners of the corps whose veteran le- 
gions wrought deeds which had linked that badge and their 
record with undying glory and renown. 



— H5 — 

The heavy rains in March were followed by boisterous winds, 
and then mild weather. The grass started to grow around the 
encampment, the buds began to swell, and the birds commenc- 
ed to sing their sweetest songs. "March 26th," writes Lieuten- 
ant Spangler, "was one of the most beautiful days we ever ex- 
perienced. But in the evening of that day, the entire army 
was put under orders. A cavalry attack, from the enemy, was 




fire! fire! total loss — no insurance. 



expected. All along the company streets our arms were stack- 
ed. For two nights the men slept with one eye open and one 
leg out of bed. We were expecting an attack; but it never took 
place." 

After March 23, no passes were granted officers to leave camp. 
The wives of some of them had spent the winter at Brandy Sta- 
tion. They now returned to their homes. General Ricketts 
issued an order to be read to every company on dress parade, 



— u6 — 



giving instructions, when entering battle, "to allow the enemy 
to approach near enough for a fair mark, then aim low, and take 
care of ammunition." 

Colonel Schall returned to his regiment April 7, after his re- 
covery from sickness, that had disabled him for 3 months. On 
April 30, just before the campaign opened, he reported 20 com- 
missioned officers present for duty and 2 on extra duty. There 
were 400 enlisted men present for duty, 77 on extra duty and 15 
sick. The total strength of the regiment present was 523. 
Lieutenant Norris, of Company F, was acting assistant provost 
marshal, and Lieutenant Baker, of the same company, acting 
quartermaster. Captain Myers, of Company E, and Lieutenant 
Stallman, of Company C, were on recruiting service. Captains 
Albright and Morningstar, and Lieutenants Bierbrower, Stroman 
and Welsh were in Libby prison since June 15, 1863. Quarter- 
master Hersh and Lieutenant Hull, of Company E, were parol- 
ed prisoners awaiting exchange; 7 enlisted men were on detach- 
ed service, and 180 men, who had reenlisted "for three years 
or during the war," went home April 1, on thirty-five days fur- 
lough ; there were 57 men in hospitals away from camp, or at 
their homes on sick-leaves; 8 men were in hospitals as the re- 
sult of wounds; making 258 men absent from the regiment. 
The roll of the regiment present and absent, numbered 33 
officers and 776 enlisted men, making an aggregate strength 
of 809. 

Brigade drills and inspections took place frequently now. On 
these occasions the different bands stood on a knoll and played 
in turn. April 18, Generals Grant and Meade spent nearly the 
whole day reviewing the 6th Corps. The following day Colonel 
Schall had the regiment at target practice for two hours. 

The large octagon building erected for theatrical entertain- 
ments and debating societies, at the division headquarters, be- 
came a popular resort for pleasure seekers. The interior was 
in the form of an amphitheatre with a stage extending along 
one side of the building, which was constructed of logs, about 
30 feet in length. Later in the season, some of the chaplains 



— n7 — 

conducted a religious revival in this building. They drew large 
audiences. 

When Chaplain Eberhart returned to the regiment, after a 
sick leave, he procured a chapel tent, and had it erected near the 
regimental headquarters. The boys reorganized the choir, and 
services were held regularly in the tent, until the opening of 
the Wilderness campaign in May. This tent was taken with the 
regiment until August, 1864. The brigade chapel was about 
500 yards to the north. 

There is a pathetic vein in the following description from a 
letter of Adjutant Martin, who gave his iife to his country a few 
weeks later: 

"Our camp is quiet to-night; but the army is preparing for a 
campaign. Great battles are expected to be fought soon. We 
hope this campaign will be the death blow to the Confederate 
cause. If Congressmen at Washington or the Rebel Congress 
at Richmond, were required to endure the hardships of a sol- 
dier's life during one campaign the war would then end." 

"The birds entertain us in the morning and the croaking of 
the frogs is heard at night; but instead of these, we are soon 
to hear the rattle of musketry and the roar of cannon." 

The Army of the Potomac was now composed of three corps. 
The 2d Corps was commanded by General Hancock, of Pennsyl- 
vania, an ideal soldier who had just celebrated his fortieth birth- 
day. The 5th Corps was under the scholarly and intrepid W^ar- 
ren, of Massachusetts, who was but thirty years of age. Sedg- 
wick, of Connecticut, the honored commander of the 6th Corps, 
was scarcely more beloved by his own command than through- 
out the entire army. He was fifty-one. Meade another Penn- 
sylvanian, was forty-nine; Grant was forty-two. Sheridan who 
commanded the cavalry was thirty-three. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

THE WILDERNESS. 

OLONEL SCHALL and his 
field, staff and line officers spent 
the month of April, 1864, in pre- 
paration for the summer cam- 
paign. Guard mount, company 
drill, battalion drill, target shoot- 
ing and skirmish drill were prac- 
ticed with regularity and precis- 
ion. There was a daily inspec- 
tion of the quarters and the sanitary conditions were looked after 
with zealous care. The regiment was in excellent trim when the 
general order was issued for the army to begin to move toward 
the enemy at midnight of May 3. Clark's mountain, the bold 
promontory on the south side of the Rapidan, the silent sentinel 
that had kept its ever-wakeful watch on the Potomac army at 
Brandy Station, through all the months that it lay at rest in its 
winter home, had not been over-vigilant on the first day of May. 
It was then that the Fifth Corps began to move from the banks 
of the Rappahannock toward Brandy Station. The smoke that 
filled the air from the abandoned camps failed to arouse the vigi- 
lance of the Confederate signal officer on the mountain top. Lee 
seemed to know nothing of the majestic sweep prepared for him 
until daylight of the 4th revealed the heads of all the columns at 
the very Rapidan itself. Shortly before midnight, the offensive 
movement began, which in march, siege, skirmish or battle con- 
tinued incessantly until Appomattox terminated it within three 
weeks of one year from the time of its commencement. 




— iig — 

Hancock's Corps preceded by Gregg 's cavalry, crossed the 
river at Ely's Ford. Warren's Corps, with Wilson's cavalry in 
the advance, crossed on pontoons six miles farther up the stream 
at Germanna Ford, closely followed by the Sixth Corps,' 1 under 
Sedgwick. 

The ist Brigade of Ricketts division, of which the 87th Regi- 
ment formed a part, brought up the rear. Reveille was beat at 
3 a. m., roll called, breakfast finished, and blankets rolled up. 




The march began at 
4:30 a. m. The day 
was hot and the 
roads dusty. Some 
of the boys cast 
aside their blankets 
on the weary march. 

The distance from 
the camp to the 
Rapidan was fifteen 
miles. The regiment 
crossed a pontoon 
bridge at 5 p. m. and 
bivouacked for the 
night about one half 
mile beyond the ford around some earthwork that had been 
thrown up by the enemy. 



120 



The successful pas- 
sage of the army 
across the Rapidan, 
without resistance,was 
a source of congratu- 
lation to Grant and 
Meade. Not only the 
army, but the im- 
mense train of 4,000 
wagons, was now on 
the south side of the 
stream. "This," says 
Grant, "I regarded as 
a great success, and it 
removed from my 
mind the most serious 
apprehension I had 
entertained, that of 
crossing the river in the face of an active, well-appointed, and 
ably commanded army." 

The army of Northern Virginia, under Lee, lying south of the 
Rapidan, was divided into three corps, commanded by Hill, 
Ewell and Longstreet, with Stuart commanding the Cavalry. It 
was behind entrenchments, extending a distance of eighteen 
miles. According to official reports of the Confederate War De- 
partment, Lee's army numbered 61,953 officers and men — foot 
horse, and artillery present for duty on May 1. Grant had 99,438 
men, and 274 guns. The 9th Corps, under Burnside, joined the 
army on May 5. This increased the moving column undei 
Grant to 120,000 men. In point of numbers in fighting an 
offensive battle on open field, Grant would have great advantage. 
But one under cover of the wilderness, was equal to three at- 
tacking. 

The country beyond the Rapidan was a wild wierd region; a 
dense forest. Within this region and beyond it a wary foe was 
concentrating for a mighty struggle. Here two great warring 




PONTOON BRIDGE ACROSS THE 
RAPIDAN RIVER. 




COLONEL JOHN W. SCHALL. 



121 

hosts were soon to make battle record, for slaughter, unparallel- 
ed in American history to be read and re-read with intense in- 
terest, as long as the English language shall be spoken. 

Lee's headquarters was a distance beyond the river at Orange 
Court House; Grant's in his saddle. As commander-in-chief of 
all the armies, he now penned his famous telegram to Sherman to 
begin his march from Chattanooga toward Atlanta and the sea to 
destroy the Confederate work shops in Georgia, and cut the Con- 
federacy in twain. Then he issued orders to the army around 
him with the expectation of a general engagement with the 
enemy on the following day, May 5. 

After crossing Germannia Ford on the evening of May 4, and 
camping for the night, Gen. Morris directed the 87th Regiment 
to throw out videttes. During the evening low camp fires of the 
different commands were plainly visible in every direction. The 
brigade began to move at 7 a. m. of May 5. An aide from 
Ricketts brought to Gen. Morris orders to pass the Second Bri- 
gade (which had just been placed under command of Gen. Sey- 
mour) and move forward to the position held the night before by 
Wright's division. One section of the First Massachusetts Artil- 
lery accompanied the brigade. Griffin's division of the Fifth 
Corps on the morning of May 5 opened the battle of the Wild- 
erness, which will be ever memorable as the commencement of 
the greatest campaign of the civil war. The other divisions of 
this corps had also moved forward over the Germannia plank 
road toward Parker's store, sometimes going to the right or to the 
left of this road through the dense undergrowth. Two main 
highways, the Orange plank road and the Fredericksburg pike, 
extended east and west across the entire Wilderness. The 
Brock road begins on the pike and runs southwest to Spottsyl- 
vania Court House. The Germanna plank road, after crossing 
the turnpike from the north, terminates on the Orange road 
about three miles northeast of Parker's store. The advance of 
the Union army was being made with zealous resolution in that 
direction. The snapping of boughs and branches ,the tramp over 
the cracking underbrush indicated that a considerable force was 



— 122 

in motion. Soon a wild, wicked roar of musketry is heard to the 
left of Ricketts' division. It reverberated through the forests 
with a deep and hollow sound. This was the opening 1 of the 
appalling carnage of the Wilderness. The enemy at first broke 
under the withering fire, retreated across a clearing, and upon 
reaching the other side, made a stand. In an instant the timber 
blazed with the fire of musketry. Our men paused for an instant 
and then with ringing cheers charged across the clearing 
and drove the enemy from their position. Many a brave fellow 
bit the dust as this charge was made. While it was going on 
Wright's division of the 6th Corps moved forward with difficulty 
through the scrubby pines and tangled underbrush to cover the 
right flank of the 5th Corps. 

Hearing the heavy musketry fire to the left, where Griffin's 
division had engaged the enemy, Morris formed his brigade in 
line at 7:30 a. m., placing the 87th Regiment in the rear and 
threw out skirmishers. He then moved out the Germanna 
plank road, a short distance, and placed part of his command in 
position on one of the narrow plantation roads, near a small clear 
ing. The 87th was now supporting the artillery, which was 
actively engaged. The 9th Corps having crossed the Rapidan. 
now came up and joined the army. Gen.Burnside had an interview 
with Ricketts in front of the 87th Regiment. Part of the 9th 
Corps then relieved Ricketts' division, which moved forward at 
12:45 P- m - to the Wilderness Tavern, a distance of six miles 
from the place it encamped the previous night. The 2d Brigade 
held the right of the 6th Corps. Burnside was now on the ex- 
treme rght of the army; the 6th Corps was next; the 5th Corps 
next, and the 2d Corps occupied the extreme left. Generals 
Grant and Meade had taken up their headquarters to the rear of 
the centre at the Lacy house. 

Ricketts' division in its forward movement passed the general 
hospital, where a large number of the wounded had been brought. 
The road was crowded with men bringing other wounded sol- 
diers in ambulances and on stretchers to the hospital. They next 
passed the place, where details of men were erecting strong forti- 



— 123 — 

fications, to be used in case the advance was compelled to fall 
back. 

The i st Brigade marched to the right a distance of a mile,and 
then to the left, penetrating slowly but cautiously, the densest 
undergrowth, always on the alert for a charge from the enemy or 
a break in the Union lines in front. 

At 4 p. m. the 87th fell back a short - distance and stacked 
arms to prepare for a luncheon. The boys had just begun to 
eat their hard tack and pork when the order came to "fall in." 
They marched to the plank road on the left, and then moved on 
toward the front. Having gone but a short distance, the brigade 
was massed near the plank road, about one mile from the Wild- 
erness Tavern. Here the enemy had placed a section of artillery 




on the road and at once opened fire upon our men, the shells 
falling within the ranks of the 87th. At 5 p. m. the 1st Brigade 
under Morris entered the fight which lasted till dark. The 
casualties in the regiment on this day were the following: John 
McGuigan, John E. Edie and Frank McGuigan, of Company C, 
wounded; and Alexander Nauss, of Company B, captured. 

The regiment was now in the front line of battle. The men 
rested on their arms during the night. A distant musketry fire 
was heard even to the midnight hour. The 2d Brigade of Rick- 



— I2 4 — 

etts' Division which occupied a position immediately to the right 
lost heavily, in the evening while attempting to turn the enemy's 
flank. 

On May 6th says General Morris, "I was given orders to at- 
tack the enemy at 4:30 a. m. General Ricketts directed me to 
the left of General Upton who commanded the 2d Brigade of 
Wright's Division. Upton informed me that his line would 
swing around his left flank as a pivot. When the troops 
on his right advanced I took position a little to the rear of his 
left, so as to be on his left after he had swung around. At this 
juncture, we received notice that the attack was postponed till 5 
p. m. The position we had determined to hold was one of ser- 
ious importance, owing to a swamp which gave us little room. 
My brigade was placed in line of battle. About 10 a. m. the 
enemy commenced shelling us with an exact range upon my 
brigade, and continued to do so at intervals, throughout the 
day. The loss from this cause was 3 killed and 19 wounded in 
my brigade." 

Over to the left a real wicked roar of battle rolled up in tre- 
mendous proportions in the forenoon. Here Hancock had 
throttled Longstreet and drove him with relentless fury through 
a mile of swamp and forest. Then the undergrowth and timber 
that had so impeded Hancock and his men concealed the move- 
ments of Longstreet until it was his turn to throttle Hancock. 
All the ground so valiantly won in the morning, was lost again 
by noon. In this contest, Hancock received a slight wound, and 
Longstreet, a serious one, which disabled him for months. 
About the same time, the noble-minded, Wadsworth fell mor- 
tally wounded, at the head of his division. He was then the 
oldest officer in the army, who at the opening of the war, left 
his princely domain in Central New York to defend the cause 
of his country on the field of battle. 

The shades of evening were soon to fall, but the battle raged, 
and the day's work was not yet finished. There was a lull in 
the struggle on the left with Hancock's and Warren's Corps, but 
it rose again with vigor between Sedgwick and Ewell on the 



— i2 5 — 

right. The latter struck the 6th Corps' right and dealt a terrible 
blow. The intrepid Sedgwick fell back, but soon afterward, 
sent this laconic message to the commanding general: "I have 
re-established my lines," thus adding lustre to his name, and 
an historic phrase to the literature of war. 

In this contest General Seymour and a large part of his bri- 
gade and part of Shaler's Brigade, in all 4000 men, were cap- 
tured. 




WAGON TRAIN FOR CHANCELLORSVILLE. 



During the day Col. Schall drew for the regiment 15,000 
rounds of elongated ball cartridges, calibre 58. 

"About 6 p. m.," says Morris, "General Sedgwick sent for 
three regiments of my brigade, to reinforce troops on his right 
who were driven back by the enemy. I moved out at a double- 
quick, the 10th Vermont, the 14th New Jersey and the 106th 
New York, and then turned my attention to affairs in front of 
me. Finding that our troops were retreating in such numbers 



126 

that it was impossible to stop them, I changed front, so as to 
face the right in order to injure the enemy as much as possible, 
with my fire as they advanced. General Sedgwick in person 
now came to my line. The shells of the enemy were then se- 
vere upon us." 

Later in the evening I was instructed to move the 87th Penn- 
sylvania and the 151st New York, back to the breastworks, and 
to recall my other three regiments. After consultation with 
Generals Sedgwick and Wright, I posted my entire brigade. It 
was then that the entire 6th Corps fell back a short distance to 
the entrenchments." 

About this time Burnside's corps was moved over to the left, 
and thrown in between Warren and Hancock. It was just be- 
fore dark that Sedgwick had re-established his lines. At 9 p. m. 
the enemy again charged the 5th Corps and were repulsed. The 
hospitals were removed in the afternoon to Chancellorsville. 

The casualties in the 87th for this day were the following, 
wounded men: Henry C. Ginter, Company A; Daniel Spotts 
Company C; Elias H. Redding and James H. Moody, Company 
D; Sergeant John H. Sheads, Company F: Corporals Augustus 
Weigert and W. D. Homback. Company I; George Gibbons, 
George Brant and Ephraim Shanebrook, Company K. 

The Potomac Army rested nearly in the same position it held 
when the contest began two days before. Daylight had disap- 
peared and the Wilderness was shrouded in darkness, lit up 
here and there by low camp fires. The weather was hot and 
dry. The loss on both sides had been very heavy during the 
day. The Vermont Brigade which formed the right of the 6th 
Corps in the afternoon, lost 1223 out of 2,800 men engaged-. 

Neither army showed much disposition to take the offensive, 
when the dawn of May 7 began to light up the dark hollows 
of the Wilderness. The terrible conflict of the past two days, 
had left both combatants bleeding and exhausted. The chief 
event of this day was the indecisive cavalry engagement at 
Todd's Tavern. The Confederate infantry lay behind their in- 
trenchments. Lee had not driven Grant across the Rapidan 



— 127 — 

as he had expected, and Grant had not vet crushed Lee. It was 
a drawn battle. Grant now determined to plant himself be- 
tween Lee's army and Richmond by moving to Spottsylvania 
Court House, fifteen miles southeast of the battlefield of the 
Wilderness. 

The train of 4,000 wagons moved in haste to Chancellorsville 
in the evening of the 7th; the infantry began the march toward 
Spottsylvania at midnight. The 2d and 5th Corps moved over 
the Brock Road; the 6th and 9th Corps by way of Chancellors- 
ville where Sedgwick's forces were to keep guard over the wa- 
gon train. 

Early in the morning of the 7th Generals Morris and Griffin 
were ordered to examine the position of the enemy. About 5 
a. m. a Confederate line charged through a woods in front of 
their brigades. Our artillery opened upon them and drove 
them back in confusion. An hour later, Morris sent the 87th 
Regiment and 100 men of the 151st New York all under Col- 
onel Schall, on picket duty. They charged the enemy's skir- 
mish line, and drove it back nearly through a dense woods. All 
the sharp fighting of large commands in the Wilderness had 
ceased the night before, but the 87th, as skirmishers were ac- 
tively engaged all day. The zip, zip of the minie balls above 
and around them, kept up a fitting tenor to the deep-toned roar 
of artillery in the direction of Fredericksburg. In this skir- 
mish line, the regiment was so near the enemy's skirmishers 
that they could hear their conversation, although they could not 
see them, on account of the dense smoke which enveloped the 
woods where the Rebels lurked. 

''Hello Yank, how are you?" was frequently heard from the 
thickets. 

It was quickly answered by "All right Johnnie, look out or 
you'll get hurt.'' 

It was only a part of the regiment that got in such close 
quarters with the Southerners. A detachment had been deploy- 
ed to the right. Shortly after midnight, Colonel Schall gave di- 
rections for his men to fall back quietly so as not to be heard by 



— 128 — 



the Rebels. Then he formed the regiment in line and marched 
away toward Spottsylvania to join the brigade. The casualties 
reported for May 7 were the following wounded men : Alexander 
Brown, Company A; Sergeant William Walters, Corporal Jos- 
eph M. Funk, and James Kendrick, Company B; Jeremiah Ster- 
ner, Company F; George L. Litz, Company H. 

David E. Myers and William Fullerton, of Company F, were 
captured. The wounded were removed to Fredericksburg. 

At 9:30 p. m. of the 7th, the 1st Brigade began the march 
over the Orange turnpike, to the Orange plank road through 
Chancellorsville. From there the 6th Corps guarded its own 
wagon train, and that of the 2d and 5th Corps in the movement 
to Spottsylvania. The men were tired and exhausted. Many 
of them fell asleep by the roadside at every stop. The march 
was slow and tedious. It took fifteen hours to move a distance 
of fourteen miles, halting within two miles of Spottsylvania 
Court House, where the brigade was massed on the left of the 
road. 

"About 1 p. m.," says General Morris, "Colonel Schall joined 
the brigade with his withdrawn pickets; only two of his men 
having straggled. At 2:10 p. m. I marched to report to Warren 
and reached him at 3.10 in front of the enemy at Spottsylvania. " 

It was the advance of Warren's Corps that reached the point 
of destination first. Such was the plan of the commander-in- 
chief; but Longstreet's Corps, now commanded by Anderson, 
had planted their guns on a ridge, and took position behind 
the intrenchments near Spottsylvania an hour earlier. First 
with Robinson's and then with Griffin's Division, Warren open- 
ed the fight late in the afternoon of the 8th. Owing to the dis- 
parity of numbers, he was at a disadvantage. During this con- 
test, General Robinson was severely wounded. Crawford's 
Division soon came up, followed by part of the 6th Corps, in- 
cluding the 1st Brigade of Ricketts' Division. 

"When my brigade arrived," says General Morris, "about 
15,000 men were drawn up in a column of attack, composed ot 
several lines. My brigade was placed in one of these lines. 



— 1 29 — 

General Ricketts had not yet arrived. Major Biddle, of 
Meade's staff brought me orders, directing me to move to the 
left, about 50 paces beyond the main road, in the rear of Gen- 
eral Warren. Later General Warren ordered me to swing my 
brigade around to the right of the left regiment in order to face 
directly the enemy. Next Warren made me swing forward my 
left to the forks of the main roads." 

Sedgwick now appeared with the balance of the 6th Corps, 
and took command of the field. In the meantime Hill and 
Ewell with their Confederate forces, had taken post behind the 
intrenchments. Late in the evening Sedgwick decided to as- 
sault the enemy's works with all the force available, but there 
was considerable delay in determining the dispositions for the 
attack. Hancock and Burnside had not yet reached the scene 
of action. A partial attack was made by the New Jersey bri- 
gade belonging to Neill's Division of the 6th Corps, and part of 
Ricketts' Division, including the 87th Regiment. Crawford's 
division of the 5th Corps, then joined in the attack. This en- 
gagement took place late on Sunday evening, May 8. 

The following men of the 87th were wounded: Ephraim 
Strayer, Company C; Eli Bear, Company E; William H. Lefe- 
ver, Company G; William G. Small, Company H; Rudolph Pat- 
terson, and John Glosser, Company K. 

The weather had been very hot and dry. The great battle 
of the Wilderness having been fought almost entirely with 
muskets, there was little of the roar of cannon, which is usually 
followed by rain. On the toilsome march of the day the Vir- 
ginia dust had changed the blue coats of the LTnion soldiers to 
the yellow brown of the foxes' fur. The military finery of the 
classic Warren, the neat fitting suit of the superb Hancock, and 
the plain dress of "Uncle John'' Sedgwick looked not unlike 
the garb of the Confederates who were to direct the legions of 
the South the following days around Spottsylvania. 

Late in the evening of the 8th, Commissary Sergeant Smyser, 
of the 87th, arrived from Chancellorsville with the wagon train. 
Taking two of his four regimental teams he started to distribute 
8 



— 130 — 

three days' rations among the boys. He halted his teams in 
an open field and then went forward into a dense pine forest, in 
search of his regiment. Supposing he was in hearing distance 
of them, he called out: 

"Where is the 87th Pennsylvania?" 

A "Johnnie," a short distance away in a thicket, answered 
"here.'' He moved in the direction of the enemy, and had gone 
outside of the second line of Union pickets when a comrade 
called out: 

"Hello, Sergeant, where are you going?" 

"To my regiment," he responded. 

"You are nearly in the Rebel lines." Not desiring another 
experience in Libby and Belle Isle the obedient sergeant beat a 
hasty retreat. He soon drove his teams into a ravine and made 
each of his comrades happy with an abundant supply of meat, 
^coffee, sugar, beans, salt and hard tack. 



CHAPTER IX. 



SPOTTSYLVANIA SEDGWICK KILLED — MORRIS WOUNDED COL. 

SCHALL IN COMMAND OF FIRST BRIGADE. 

ROUND Spottsylvania the coun- 
try was interspersed with open 
fields, ridges and knolls. Where 
the timber was left untouched, it 
was nearly of the same growth as 
that in the Wilderness. In front of 
all their intrenchments in the 
woods, the Confederates had cut 
down the timber and in the open 
constructed abatis. 

The operations of May 8 left the 
enemy in the possession of 
Spottsylvania Court House. The 
two great armies were concentrat- 
ing for another great struggle for 
mastery. Lee had posted his three 
army corps upon Spottsylvania 
Ridge, a bulwark of defence, and 
held the Army of the Potomac at bay for twelve days. Thest 
were days of great anxiety and suspense to President Lincoln 
and the entire country. 

On Monday, May 9, all the corps of the Union army were in 
position in a curved line in front of Spottsylvania. Hancock was 
on the right, Burnside next, Warren next and Sedgwick on the 
extreme left. The 5th and 6th Corps began to press the enemy 
before dawn, developing their position and seeking points of at- 
tack. 




— i3 2 — 



Gen. Sedgwick ordered Ricketts' division to Laurel Hill and 
as early as 3 a. m. sent him the following instructions, which is 
the last- order on record, the great soldier issued: 

"You will rectify your lines as soon as it is light enough, and 
strengthen your position by intrenchments. Send to my head- 
quarters for tools, and they will be forwarded at once. It is in- 
tended to remain in position to-day to give the men rest. Please 
send in this morning a field return of your command and make 
a report of the casualties in your division. Send at once for 
the tools." ' 

Gen. Morris commanding 1st Brigade of Ricketts' division ar- 
ranged his regiments in a straight line with the 87th Pennsyl- 
vania on the right. At 7 a. m. it was decided to construct lines 
of intrenchments in the form of an angle. Half an hour later 



- ^-W j n f ront G f the 87th was a strip 

gen. john sedgwick. of woods, and to the left of it a 

dense forest of pine, into which the 
regiment moved after leaving the breastworks. A Union picket 
line had been thrown out in the form of a semi-circle, a distance 
of 300 yards beyond the battery. The Confederate skirmish line 
was farther out on rolling ground. 

The regiment had been engaged in throwing up breastworks 
from early in the morning. Sharpshooters still kept, firing occa- 
sional shots. A ball passed through the gum blanket which 




Morris transferred the 14th New 
Jersey from the left to the right of 
the 87th, arranging a company 
of each regiment near the point 
where the angle diverged. At 
this point Captain McCartney, of 
the Massachusetts First Light Bat- 
tery, placed his guns. The artillery 
aimed to dislodge some sharp 
shooters who were behind a clump 
of trees, a distance ahead, and to 
shell a battery beyond a ridge. 



— 133 — 

Howard F. Andrews, of Company A, had rolled up on his 
shoulders. 

At 9:45 a. m. Gen. Sedgwick came walking up the line, speak- 
ing to officers and men as he passed them. He wore a soldier's 
blouse and seemed to be in an amiable mood and in excellent 
spirits. As he approached the head of the 87th Regiment he 
told Captain Fahs to hasten the completion of the breastworks 
at that point, as the enemy might make a charge during the 
day. Then he moved on toward the battery to give directions 
about its arrangement. At this instant a soldier near him dodged 
upon hearing a bullet whizzing overhead. The general was then 
cautioned that he was in danger. 

"Ah, they can't hit an elephant that far away," responded 
Gen. Sedgwick. 




A moment later a minie ball from a sharp-shooter's rifle struck 
him near the eye, penetrating his brain and he died instantly. 
Thus fell one of the greatest soldiers of the civil war. The spot 
has since been marked by a beautiful monument shown in the 
engraving above. 

His body was carried to the rear. In the language of 
Gen. Meade "the death of the beloved commander of the 6th 
Corps, was deeply mourned by officers and men." 



— 134 — 

The remains were placed on an ambulance belonging to Mor- 
ris' brigade, and taken to Belle Plain, Virginia accompanied by 
a detail of three men from the 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry, which 
had been the general's escort since May 5, when the army cross- 
ed the Rapidan. From Belle Plain, in charge of his staff offi- 
cers, Captains Beaumont and Halstead, the remains were taken 
to his native State of Connecticut for interment. 

Gen. Sedgwick won distinction in the Peninsula campaign, at 
Fredericksburg and at Antietam. After one of the most remark- 
able forced marches on record, he arrived at Gettysburg on the 
afternoon of July 2. The 6th Corps under his command since 
February, 1863, was the best in discipline and morale in the 
army. He declined the command of the Army of the Potomac 
just before it was given to Meade. 

About the time. Gen. Sedgwick moved forward toward the 
battery Gen. Morris walked to Col. Schall, in command of 
the 87th. These two officers engaged in a conversation, and 
then moved back toward the quarters of Gen. Morris, a short 
distance to the rear. While walking near each other, Gen. Mor- 
ris was wounded in the leg by a sharp-shooter's ball coming from 
the same direction as the one that killed his corps commander. 

Major Ruhl, of the 87th, came immediately to the assistance 
of Col. Schall, and they escorted the wounded officer to his 
headquarters. 

"While helping Gen. Morris back," says Col. Schall, "my at- 
tention was called to the death of Gen. Sedgwick, who fell about 
100 yards from where Gen. Morris was shot." 

Morris being completely disabled by his wound, was soon tak- 
en to the division hospital. The following day he wrote out his 
report in which he says: 

"During the five days of incessant marching and fighting I had 
every reason to be proud of the regiments composing my bri- 
gade. The coolness, judgment and gallantry of Col. Schall of 
the 87th Pennsylvania,Lieutenant Colonel Hall of the 14th New 
Jersey, Lieutenant Colonel Townsend of the 106th New York, 



— 135 — 

Lieutenant Colonel Fay of the 151st New York, and Lieutenant 
Colonel Henry, of the 10th Vermont, were worthy of the highest 
commendation. The field and line officers also distinguished 
themselves." 

The next day Gen. Morris was sent to Washington for treat- 
ment. On the 9th, immediately after he was wounded, Col. 
Schall, senior officer, took command of the brigade. 

Lieutenant Lanius, of Company I, the same day was detailed 
as an aide on the brigade staff where he remained until he was 
wounded at the battle of Monocacy July 9 of the same year. 

Captain McCartney's small guns on Laurel Hill at the angle, 
where Sedgwick fell, were assisted by large howitzers of the 
5th II. S. Artillery. These guns now engaged in a duel with the 
enemy's battery beyond the ridge. During the day Peter Wit- 
man, Charles Spahr, and another comrade of Company A,' were 
detailed to carry shells from the caisson to the battery. At 6 p. 
m. Col. Schall ordered his skirmishers to advance, when they 
drove the Confederate skirmishers from their position. 

At 6:30 p. m. there was a furious cannonading opened on both 
sides. The wounded in the 87th Regiment on this day were 
Samuel Zartman, John Myers and Abraham Roat, of Company 
B; Henry Snyder and William B. Ramsay, of Company H, and 
Thomas Taylor, of Company K. 

General Horatio G.Wright, of the 1st division, succeeded Gen. 
Sedgwick in command of the 6th Corps, which position he held 
with honor and distinction till the end of the war. During the 
year 1862 he had been a department commander in Kentucky. 
He came to the Army of the Potomac in April, 1863, and parti- 
cipated in the Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and Mine Run cam- 
paigns. His military record had been good. 

May 10 Hancock arid Warren made two attacks upon the 
enemy's position in front of the 5th Corps, but without success- 
ful results. The Union loss in these attacks was 5,000 men. A 
portion of the 6th Corps now made an attack, which resulted in 
carrying the enemy's first line of intrenchments, and capturing 
nearly 1000 prisoners and a number of guns. Owing to a lack 



— I3 6 — 

of support, it was impossible to take advantage of the results 
thus gained, and at night the line withdrew leaving behind the 
guns that had been captured. 

The 1st Brigade during the evening made a charge, and cap- 
tured a line of rifle pits. It was under a severe artillery fire, 
but most of the heavy missiles of war passed overhead. During 
the day C. Edward Zimmerman, of Company A, was wounded. 

Rain began to fall on the nth, and continued during the fol- 
lowing day when some of the hardest fighting was done. The 
6th Corps moved to the left, and marched a part of the night. 
Finding the enemy's left so well guarded, it was decided to at- 
tack the centre at a salient point. For this purpose General 
Wright "was directed to extend his left, concentrating," says 
General Meade, "on that wing." At daylight of the I2th, Han- 
cock's Corps assaulted and carried the salient, capturing twen- 
ty guns and 3,000 prisoners, including General Edward Johnson, 
who had commanded the forces at the battle of Carter's W oods. 
Hancock then advanced to the second line when the enemy, re- 
inforced by heavy masses, began an impetuous assault to retake 
the lost line, and their guns, at what became historically known 
as the "Bloody Angle at Spottsylvania." At 6 a. m. the 6th 
Corps came up. The service it now rendered was of the high- 
est importance. It relieved the 2d Corps on the right of the 
salient, and Hancock formed on the left of the angle. 

At 8 a. m. the 5th and 9th Corps were ordered to make a gen- 
eral attack, and relieve Hancock and Wright. It resulted in a 
heavy loss. Lee seemed determined to recapture the line, 
wrested from him, and throughout the day, made five heavy as- 
saults, each one of which was repulsed. Of all the struggles of 
the war to regain a strategic position, this was the fiercest and 
most deadly. At times so close was the contest that rival 
standards were planted on opposite sides of the same breast- 
works. With a heavy force the enemy still made a determined 
effort to retake the famous salient, which became in truth an 
angle of death. It presented a spectacle, ghastly and terrible. 
After twenty hours of combat, Lee finally drew back his bleed- 



— 137 — 

ing lines at midnight. The loss on the Union side that day was 
nearly 8,coo, in killed, wounded and missing. The loss on the 
Confederate side, was never definitely made known but it was 
very heavy. 

The greatest number of casualties on this eventful day to the 
Union army was in the 2d Corps, and in the 1st Division of the 
6th Corps, now under command of General Russell. 

The 1st Brigade under Colonel Schall, although it was contin- 
ually engaged in fighting, skirmishing and throwing up breast- 
works, in face of the enemy, had comparatively few casualties 
in the Spottsylvania campaign. From May 8 to May 21 the 
brigade lost 149 men in killed, wounded and missing. During 
the attack on the enemy's works on May 12, Henry Ensinger, 
of Company A, while lying on the ground in the battle line, was 
"killed by the explosion of a conical shell. Christian Househol- 
der, of Company C. Charles Howie, of Company I, William 
Denues, of Company A, were wounded. 

It had rained all day of May 12, while musketry rattled and 
-cannon roared around Spottsylvania. A woeful night followed, 
Hundreds, even thousands of men, lay dead or wounded on the 
•ground where they had fallen during the day, and the battle rag- 
ed even to the midnight hour. Heavy clouds still hung over- 
head, and the whole region was wrapped in Egyptian darkness, 
save where a few low campfires sent forth a feeble light. The 
wounded were not all taken to the field hospitals, and their 
groans could be heard through the pine forests. A part of the 
Union army moved after the struggle ended, the balance rested 
on their guns. The 87th Regiment spent a part of the night, 
throwing up earthworks, and at early dawn began to help bury 
the dead. Devoted surgeons and their attendants ministered 
to the wants of the wounded as best they could. No unfortu- 
nate ones were neglected, if it was within the bounds of possi- 
bility to comfort or sustain them. Some of the tired and worn 
out veterans fell asleep in the trenches and slept in the rain un- 
til morning. 

After two years of service the soldiers of 1861-5, learned that 



- i 3 8 - 

it was the business of war to kill and maim. The sooner this 
was accepted as a bitter necessity the better the soldier. Men 
inured to the hardships of army life become hardened. Such, 
was the condition of the soldiers who had fought so valiantly in 
the Wilderness, and at Spottsylvania. As one after another of 
their comrades fell, it was not easy to suppress the thought 
that, "the next turn may be mine, and if it is, what of it?" This 
is a brief mental picture of numerous scenes and incidents that 
took place on many fields of battle during the dark days of Re- 
bellion, when thousands of men "yielded up their lives that 
this nation might live." 

It was at Spottsylvania that Grant sent this famous dispatch 
to the War Department: "We have ended the sixth day of hard 
fighting. Our losses have been heavy, as well as those of the 
enemy. I propose to fight it out on this line, if it takes all sum- 
mer." 

"In the afternoon of May 13, the brigade was ordered," says 
Colonel Schall, "to advance and relieve the troops in nur front. 
The enemy had been driven from their position. At 3 p. m. we 
fell back a short distance. On the morning of the 14th we mov- 
ed in the direction of Spottsylvania Court House, crossed the 
Po River, and bivouacked for the night.." In the evening of 
this day Col. Truex, of the 14th New Jersey, reported for duty. 
Being the senior officer, he assumed command of the brigade, 
relieving Col, Schall, who again took command of his regiment. 

The sun appeared for the first time in three days just as it 
was going down on the evening of the 14th. Rain had fallen 
almost continuously during all that time. While on the move- 
ment across the Po River, the 87th did some active skirmishing. 
On this day, Thornton Hendrickson, of Company A, Washing- 
ton Meisenhelter and William F. Spayd, of Company B, and 
Samuel W. Parks, of Company G, were wounded. Lazarus 
Klinedinst, of Company G, was captured. On May 15th the 
regiment was intrenched on Gayle's Hill, and remained quiet 
all day. Amos Moore, of Company H, was wounded on the 
skirmish line in the evening. 



— 139 — 

In the afternoon of the 16th the band played at brigade head- 
quarters, and in the evening at division headquarters. On the 
following day, the band entertained the regiment for an hour or 
two with fine music. At 8.45 p. m. the brigade moved to the 
position it had held on the 13th, reaching there at 4:30 a. m. of 
the next day. 

''On May 18, we moved back," says Colonel Truex, "to our 
former position on Laurel Hill, and upon advancing over the 
works had some severe skirmishing." In this engagement, Paris 
A. Minnich and George Riddle, of Company C, were wounded. 

"In the afternoon the brigade returned to Gayle's Hill," says 
Truex, "with orders to move at daylight. At 5 a. m. the next 
day we moved about two miles to the right, and formed a line 
of battle on the extreme left of the 6th Corps, where we threw 
up earthworks. In the afternoon we were attacked in the rear 
by Early's Division of Ewell's Corps. We received re-enforce- 
ments and drove the enemy back." 

The members of the 87th Regiment wounded were: Cor- 
poral Frederick Hubley and Private George Knodle, Company 
A; Elijah B. Gibson and Andrew J. Wetzel, Company C; Henry 
Spicer, Company G. 

Major Thomas, of Harrisburg, then sergeant in Company 
I, gives the folllowing interesting account of the return of one 
hundred and forty veterans to the regiment, after the expiration 
of their 35 days furlough: 

"We assembled at Camp Distribution, Alexandria, Va., May 
10, where we took a steamer for Belle Plains, which is ten miles 
from Fredericksburg. Upon arriving there we were put in a 
provisional battalion, with the First Maryland Veterans, under 
Colonel Dushane. During the night of the 12th we were as- 
signed to guard duty on the Fredericksburg road. We were 
attacked by a portion of Ewell's Corps attempting to get to the 
to the rear of the Potomac Army to capture the wagon trains. 
The enemy was repulsed. Lieutenant James Tearney, of Com- 
pany B, was in command of the 87th boys. 

On the 13th, we were again attacked. It was a brisk skir- 



— 140 — 

mish, but we held our position. The next four days we contin- 
ued to guard the road. On the 18th, we moved two miles to- 
ward the Army of the Potomac. The next day we started to 
join the regiment, and were again attacked by Ewell's forces. 
At 4 p. m. Colonel Dushane changed front, and charged into 
a woods, but was driven back. A second charge was made, and 
we were again repulsed. At this instant, General Tyler, with 
his heavy artlilery division, came rapidly up to the scene of ac- 
tion. He asked the 87th boys to form a new line to the rear of 
the artillery. At 11 p. m. we were relieved.' 

"In this sharp engagement, the battalion lost one man killed 
and 8 wounded. 

Among the wounded were Jacob H. Grove, Samuel Fisher 
and Jacob Rice, of Company F, and Frederick Witmyer, of 
Company E, veterans of the regiment. 




"During the fight, on the 18th, a stray Indian from the 9th 
Corps which had some red men in certain regiments, got with- 
in our lines. When one of our men was ordered to take three 
prisoners to the rear, the Indian said, 'I will take them.' He had 
gone back but a short distance, when three shots were heard in 
quick succession from his Spencer repeating rifle. Presently 
the Indian returned, and when asked what had become of his 



— 141 — 

prisoners he answered, 'I kill them.' He was afterward punish- 
ed for his treachery." 

Samuel B. Gray, of Company E, had a lively experience in 
capturing a hog on the way from Belle Plains to Fredericks- 
burg. He saw a dozen porkers along a stream, and when he 
got close enough, he bayonetted one of them. His hogship 
resisted the attack, made a vigorous defense, and came nearly 
conquering his antagonist. His loud squealing- brought another 
veteran and a new recruit to the scene of action. The animal 
was captured and soon the camp was filled with the- odor of 
fresh pork being cooked for supper. 



v l 




CHAPTER X. 

MOVEMENT TO NORTH ANNA AND COLD 
HARBOR. 

T is a fact of history worthy of 
record here, that within a radius 
of ten miles from Spottsylvania 
Court House, and within the 
limits of Spottsylvania County, 
more great battles have been 
fought with more men engaged 
and greater losses of life, than 
in any other equal area in the 
world. Within the territory in- 
dicated, were fought the great 
battles of Fredericksburg, Chan- 
cellorsville, the Wilderness and 
Spottsylvania, as well as the 
smaller engagements at Hamil- 
ton's Crossing, Salem Church. 
Laurel Grove, Todd's Tavern, and at the Po and the Ny riv- 
ers. Troops aggregating 500,000 men from every state in the 
Union, were here engaged in battle. 

The conflict at Spottsylvania had ended on the night of May 
12, with indecisive results. The following seven days General 
Grant spent, as he says in his report, "in manoeuvering, and 
awaiting the arrival of reinforcements from Washington. 
Deeming it impractical to make any further attack upon the 
enemy at Spottsylvania, I issued orders on the 18th, with a 
view to a movement to the North Anna river to begin at 12 
o'clock on the night of the 19th. But in the afternoon of the 




— H3 — 

19th, Ewell's Corps came out of its works, and made an attack 
which was repulsed. This delayed our movement till the 21st 
of May." 

Early in the morning of that day the entire army began to 
move. The 6th Corps brought up the rear, and guarded the 
wagon train. The 9th Corps passed it before crossing the Po 
River. In the afternoon of the 21st, Hill's Corps in force, at- 
tacked the rear of the 6th Corps, but was repulsed by Russell's 
Division, including the 1st Brigade of Ricketts' Division. In 
this affair Eli Farrar and Daniel March, of Company H, were 
taken prisoners. 

The march now continued, the balance of the day and all night. 




At noon on the 22d the 6th Corps halted four hours at Guinea 
Station on the Fredericksburg and Richmond Railroad, a dis- 
tance of 12 miles from the place of starting. At 4 p. m. the 
Corps took up the line of march, went five miles farther on, and 
bivouacked for the night on a large plantation. At 7 a. m. the 
march was begun over the turnpike leading to Hanover Court 
House. The day was very hot. After a movement of ten miles 
the corps halted, and went into bivouac about two miles from 
the North Anna. 

The Army of the Potomac on this movement southward pass- 
ed through a fair and fertile region under the highest state of 
cultivation. Broad fields of large plantations rolled off in all 



— H4 — 

directions. The homes were mansions, pillared and porticoed y 
after the fashion of that day among the aristocratic folk of 
old Virginia. The occupants in ante-bellum days, dispensed a 
lavish hospitality. Some had twenty, others as many as fifty, 
and a few of the rich planters owned as many as five hundred 
slaves. These servants occupied cabins surrounding the large 
dwellings of their masters whose mandates they strictly obeyed. 
Colonel Pollock, of North Carolina, the largest slave owner in 
the South, had 3,500 slaves when the Emancipation Proclama- 
tion was issued by President Lincoln. 

The last days of May had now come, and the early fruits were 
ripening in luscious profusion. Fragrant clover, waving grain 
and growing corn covered the wide fields.. Stately elms, relics 
of those other days of war, when our forefathers rebelled under 
the yoke of English tyranny, spread their long branches in every 
direction. As the army passed through this country of Con- 
federate adherents, the blinds of the windows in the houses were 
usually closed, and scarcely a person was to be seen. But be- 
hind those blinds, scornful and revengeful eyes watched the 
"Yanks" as they marched to the music of the Union. 

War's despoiling hand in this region rested with greater se- 
verity upon this prosperous people than in the sparsely settled 
and unprodutive country lately the scene of so much hard 
fighting. But Virginia's cup was not yet full. Her fair fields 
already trodden and laid waste were but typical of the devasta- 
tion yet to follow in the Old Dominion. 

General Grant in his "Memoirs" relates an amusing incident 
of the movement through this country. General Meade and 
himself went into the yard, surrounding one of these country 
homes, and were invited, by the occupants, to seats on the veran- 
da, while his troops were marching by. The owner of the plan- 
tation and several ladies took seats near them, and engaged 
in conversation. Presently General Burnside came in, and upon 
being invited to take a seat thanked them for the courtesy. He 
then turned around and said, "Ladies, I suppose you have never 
seen so many Yankee soldiers before." 



— 145 — 

"Oh yes," quickly responded one of them with a disdainful air. 
"I have just come from Richmond, and we have about that 
many in prison down there.". 

Lee having a shorter route than Grant reached North Anna 
first. The advance column of the 6th Corps arrived there in 
the afternoon of May 23, following the 5th Corps which had 
crossed the river, had been violently attacked, and had repulsed 
the enemy. The 2d and 9th Corps arrived in the afternoon. 

On the morning of the 24th, the 6th Corps crossed the North 
Anna River at Jericho Ford, and ''at 5:45 p. m.," says Adjutant 
Martin, of the 87th, ''our brigade, under Colonel Truex, moved 
forward about a mile in line of battle, and rested on our arms 
for the night. May 25th we moved at 8 a. m., and half an hour 
later, crossed the Virginia Central Railroad at Noel's Station. 
Two miles farther on, we halted, and commenced to destroy the 
railway, burning the cross ties and bending the rails." Lewis. 
H. Diehl, of Company I, was injured while tearing up the rail- 
road. 

The 5th Corps was actively engaged in the afternoon. The 
87th was under fire for a short time. During the engagement a 
violent thunder storm passed overhead, and the roar of the 
cannon and the reverberation of the thunder sounded in uni- 
son. All of the wagon trains re-crossed the North Anna River 
during the night. 

When Grant found that Lee's position at North Anna was in- 
vulnerable, he decided upon a flank movement to Cold Harbor. 
Sheridan, who had just returned from his raid toward Rich- 
mond, was sent ahead with two divisions of cavalry. The 6th 
Corps was detached from the extreme right of the army to fol- 
low Sheridan. The 87th Regiment recrossed the North Anna 
with the 1st Brigade, and reached Chesterfield Station at 2 a. 
m. of May 26, after a forced march, the most fatiguing of the 
campaign. Here they stopped for rest. The men lay down on 
the ground, using their cartridge boxes for pillows, as the damp 
air required blankets for a covering. Two hours only of re- 
freshing sleep when the bugle sounds, followed by the loud clear 

9 



— 146 — 

tones of Colonel Schall's "fall in," announced to the still tired 
men that the line of march must be taken up. The enemy 
is not far away. Longstreet with a large force, is moving by a 
nearer route toward Cold Harbor, the point of destination of the 
6th Corps. In a few minutes the tread of many feet is heard at 
early dawn, for the entire corps of twenty-two thousand men 
with hastening step, is now moving toward King William Val- 
ley along the Pamunkey River, arriving there at dark.. At 
11:30 of the 28th, the regiment crossed the Pamunkey, on a 
pontoon, near the Nelson House; marched two miles farther on, 
and began to throw up earthworks in front of the Pollard man- 
sion. A line of battle was formed on a hillside in front of the 
Hundley house. There was no general engagement, and they 
soon bivouacked for the night. 

About noon of May 31, the entire corps moved across the 
Tolopotomy Creek, drove the enemy from position and occupied 
their works. Colonel Schall, with his regiment reconnoitered 
a position, at the foot of a hill, then advanced to its summit, 
where he met a charging column. The enemy were driven back 
with a loss of some prisoners. In this engagement Robert J. 
Rhinehart, of Company D, was wounded. 



CHAPTER X. 



COLD HARBOR. 




OLD Harbor was a 
point of divergence of 
all roads leading both 
toward Richmond,nine 
miles away, and to 
White House Land- 
ing, the depot of sup- 
plies for the Potomac 
army. It was a strategic 
point of the first im- 
portance. After a brisk 
action Sheridan, with 



two divisions of cavalry, had secured the coveted position on the 
morning of May 31. In the evening of that day he reported to 
Meade that he was pressed. He was directed "to maintain his 
position at all hazards till Gen. Wright came up with the 6th 
Corps, and Gen. W. F. Smith with 15,000 troops from the Army 
of the James." 

At midnight of the 31st of May Ricketts' division began to 
march from the banks of the Tolopotomy creek. The weather was 
very warm and the roads dusty. The 2d Brigade, under Col. 
Keifer, was in the advance, and reached Cold Harbor at 10:30 
a, m. The 1st Brigade, under Col. Truex, arrived half an hour 
later, having never marched better. They immediately began to 
throw up breast works. The entire 6th Corps was soon in posi- 
tion in front of the enemy, having relieved the cavalry. Gen. 
"Baldy" Smith's command, now designated the 18th Corps, came 



— 148 — 

up later in the day. A large force of Confederates, under Long- 
street, had reached Cold Harbor at 9:30 a. m., and had taken a 
position behind strong entrenchments which had been con- 
structed some time before. 

In the afternoon Wright drew up his corps in four lines of 
battle. Getty's division, now under command of Gen. Neill, was 
placed on the left; Russell's division in the centre, and Ricketts' 
division on the right, along the Cold Harbor road. The differ- 
ent commands stood in line for two hours or more. In the 
meantime Gen. Ricketts, while making a survey of his position, 
found that a swamp lay between him and the enemy, who were 
about four hundred yards away. The Confederate earth-works 
extended along the entire line of the 6th Corps, and also of the 
1 8th Corps, which had taken position on the right. 

At 5 p. m. the different commands received orders to be ready 
at any minute to make a concerted charge on the Confederate 
works, and thus open in earnest the now famous battle of Cold 
Harbor, one of the fiercest in American history. Col. Schall 
was corps officer of the day, until Truex was wounded in the 
charge, when he assumed command of the brigade. Lieutenant- 
Colonel Stahle was commanding the regiment. 

In preparing for the charge of the 1st Brigade, Colonel Truex 
sent Lieutenant Lanius, an aide on his staff, with orders to the 
regimental commanders. The 14th New Jersey was directed to 
take position in the front line with instructions to fall down 
upon reaching the works, so that the second line might pass 
over them. The 87th Pennsylvania and the 151st New York 
formed the second line. The 10th Vermont formed the third, and 
the 106th New York, the fourth line, with orders to bring up 
stragglers and take charge of the prisoners. 

When the signal to start was given, about 6:30 p. m., the 87th 
moved steadily forward over an open field, then across a swampy 
tract, difficult of passage, to the edge of a woods near the works. 
The first line dropped after considerable loss. The 87th and the 
151st New York, on the charge, were under a heavy fire. 



— 149 — 

As these two regiments approached the Confederate breast- 
works, all along the line of the 6th Corps came the command, 
"Double quick, march." With a tremendous yell, thousands of 
men of the corps, now dashed forward. The 87th Regiment was 
among the first to bound over the earth-works where in a few 
minutes they captured and sent to the rear a large part of Hoke's 
brigade of North Carolina troops. 

In this movement the second line of the 1st Brigade went for- 
ward and took an advanced position. While holding this posi- 
tion, after this charge so gallantly and successfully executed, 
there was no stubborn resistance in front of them. But the 
musketry fire and the cannonading on the left was still terrific, 
causing a continuous rumble and roar. There was a deadly 
contest going on along the whole battle line in that direction. 
Charges and counter charges were being made and hundreds of 
men were falling. Night was coming on, but the battle did not 
end till Ricketts' division had captured and held the first line of 
the Confederate works — a brilliant achievement which called 
forth commendation from General Meade. 

At 7:45 p. m. Ricketts sent the following to his corps com- 
mander: "I have the honor to announce the complete success 
of my advance this evening, I have driven the enemy from their 
works and now occupy them. Have now 500 prisoners, and 
have sent others to Gen. W. F. Smith's headquarters. My men 
behaved nobly. Although we have lost heavily, the men are 
in the best of spirits. 

During the night the 87th Regiment built temporary de- 
fences and lay down on the ground behind them. Some of the 
men fell asleep. Firing had nearly ceased. Occasionally the 
zip, zip of a minie ball was heard overhead. The night was 
very dark. About 2 a. m. Major Ruhl was sent back to find the 
positions of the other regiments of the brigade. He soon re- 
turned and notified Col. Stahle that the regiment had lost its 
support on the right and on the left. The enemy had moved 
forward, and the regiment was in great danger of being sur- 
rounded. The order to "face about" was passed along the line 



— 150 — 

in a whisper. The regiment fell back quietly and took position 
behind the first line of earth works. 




THE SKIRMISH LINE. 

Gen. .Ricketts received the following congratulatory order 
through the commander of the 6th Corps: 

Headquarters Army of the Potomac, June i, 1864, 
Major General Wright: —Please give my thanks to Brigadier General 
Ricketts and his gallant command, for the very handsome manner in which 
they have conducted themselves in the assault on the enemy's works. The 
success attained by them is of great importance, and if followed up will ma- 
terially advance our operations. 

Very respectfully yours, 

GEO. G. MEADE, 
Major General Commanding. 

In sending this order by an aide, Gen. Wright said, "I transmit 
this to Gen. Ricketts with the greatest pleasure." 

During the forenoon of June 2 Col. Schall ordered the captured 
works strengthened for defensive operations. 



— i5i — 

Soon after the arrival of Ricketts' division at Cold Harbor on 
June i Lieutenant-Colonel Binkley, of the noth Ohio, was made 
division officer of the day. In the afternoon he was placed in 
charge of the picket line. There were detailed for that purpose 250 
men from his own regiment and 150 men from the 87th. Captain 
Fahs, of Company A; Lieutenant Stallman, of Company C, and 
Sergeant Fox, of Company E, served on this detail. This line 
of pickets relieved the cavalry pickets, who had driven the enemy 
back the day before. 

Toward evening Col. Binkley was given orders to advance his 
line until they would find the enemy. They were then deployed 
as skirmishers. In the movement to the right of Ricketts' divi- 
sion in an open field that part of the skirmish line, under Lieu- 
tenant Stallman was fired upon with canister, when the men im- 
mediately dropped to the ground and moved on their hands 
and feet over the brow of a hill where they joined the other 
skirmishers. The left of the line then came in contact with the 
enemy's skirmish line, when a sharp fight began. 

Col. Binkley now swung his right around, until the entire line 
became engaged. He held his position admirably, while Rick- 
etts' division was charging to the left and thus prevented the 
enemy from making a flank movement. In the meantime the 
1 8th Corps formed in three lines of battle in the rear and ad- 
vanced toward the skirmish line. This corps opened fire upon 
the enemy, who at once replied. The skirmishers lay on their 
arms all night behind breast-works. About noon on the 2nd 
they were relieved from picket duty and rejoined their command 
with a loss of two men wounded. They were Amos Burke and 
William McGonigal, of Company F, 87th Regiment. 

In the charge on the Confederate works the regiment had seven 
men wounded, viz: Company E, Frank Steininger, face; Com- 
pany G, Lewis J. Hamm, struck by a minie ball, and 
William H. Lefever, shoulder; Company H, John H. Kesser, 
knee; Company J, Bernard Altrogge, arm, and Corporal Pius D. 
Miller, leg amputated; Company K, John A. Wilson, knee, and 
Andrew Wiley, leg amputated. 



— 152 — 

Captain Solomon Myers, of Company E, who had been on re- 
cruiting service at Carlisle, Pa., since February, returned to the 
regiment June 2. During his absence his company was in com- 
mand of Lieutenant Alexander Strickler, a brave and efficient 
officer. Regimental Postmaster Herr, who had been captured at 
Winchester, returned with Capt. Myers. There also arrived on 
the same ' day 34 of the re-enlisted men after a furlough of 
thirty-nve days. Among these was Lewis I. Renaut, the prin- 
cipal musician of the regiment. He makes the following entry 
in his diary: 

"On June 1 we marched 17 miles and camped for the night, 
one and a half miles from the battle line, at Cold Harbor. In 
the morning we went to the regiment, which had been hotly en- 
gaged last evening, and lost seven men. Today we are strength- 
ening our position. This afternoon it rained and hailed very 
hard, during a heavy thunder storm. The casualties since the 
beginning of the campaign in our regiment number 6 killed and 
74 wounded, and about 20 missing, making a loss of 100 men." 

During the 2d of June Hancock, with the 2d Corps, came up 
and took position to the left of the 6th Corps, Smith was on the 
right, and Warren, with the 5th Corps, on the extreme right of 
the army. Getty's division of the 6th Corps took position on 
the right of Ricketts' Division, relieving part of the 18th Corps. 

At ; 4 a. m., June 3, the 6th Corps, in concert with the 2d and 
1 8th-, began a vigorous assault on the enemy's works. The 1st 
Brigade of Ricketts' division, now under Col. Schall, advanced 
in this assault nearly, a fourth of a mile, where the enemy was 
met in force, but could not be dislodged. The brigade receiv- 
ed orders to throw up breastworks, which was done under a se- 
vere artillery and musketry fire. About 10 o'clock a. m., Col. 
Schall, while leading on his men, with the same undaunted 
courage he had displayed at Carter's woods, in the Wilderness;; 
and/at Spottsylvania, received a ball in his left arm. It caused a 
painful wound but he remained in command of the brigade : until 
afternoon when he was compelled to withdraw and place himself 
in the surgeon's charge at the division hospital. 



r 



— 153 — 

The command of the brigade now devolved upon Lieutenant- 
Colonel Hall, of the 14th New Jersey Regiment. Many valiant 
officers of the 6th Corps were killed or wounded in the contest 
of this day. 

Captain Pfeiffer, of Company I, who went on picket duty with 
a detail of fifty men, was mortally wounded and died during the 
day at the field hospital. 

In his report of the day's operations Gen. Grant said, "We 
again assaulted the enemy's works with the hope of driving them 
from the position. In this attempt our loss was heavy, while 
that of the enemy, I have reason to believe, was light. It was 
the only general attack made from the Rapidan to the James 
which did not inflict upon the enemy losses to compensate for 
our own losses. The greatest number of casualties was in the 
2d Corps." 

The military band of the 87th and the drum corps were ordered 
back to the division hospital, early in the day, where, says Musi- 
cian Renaut, "500 wounded men were brought from June 1 to 
the evening of June 3, twenty of whom died. We helped to load 
some wounded men who were sent to White House Landing. In 
the morning of June 4 we buried Captain Pfeiffer under a tree 
and marked his grave. His remains were afterwards removed to 
New Oxford. Corporal Bailey, of Company D, died and was 
buried about the same time." 

The casualties in the regiment for the day were as follows : 
Killed or Mortally Wounded: — Captain Thaddeus S. Pfeiffer, 
Company D, Corporal H. N. Bailey; Company F, Corporal Isaac 
Sheads. 

Wounded — Company A, William Denues; Company B, Henr^ 
Kppley; Company F, James Murray, John Shultz; Company H, 
Sergeant Henry Z. Bowman, Christian C. Coble; Company I, 
John Hale; Company K, Corporal Peter Baum. 

Captain James Adair, of Company F, received a slight wound 
in the foot, and Amos Keefer, of his company, was shot in the 
arm, which was afterward amputated. 

During the night of June 3, Captain Myers, of Company E, 



— 154 — 

with a detail of 50 men, moved forward to make a new line of 
intrenchments for the regiment. They had not gone far with their 
work when the enemy, 150 yards distant, fired a volley at them. 
The men lay down behind the works they were throwing up and 
none were hurt. They returned to the regiment in the morning.. 

The following members of the regiment were detailed June 3, 
as sharpshooters under charge of Lieutenant George C. Stroman 
of Company B : — Urias Nichols, Emanuel C. Coleman, Daniel 
Dice, Amos Ness, Charles Shultz, Henry A. Zercher, Jacob H. 
Miller, Jeremiah Spahr, William Emenheiser, and Sergeant 
George Dosch. Corporal Charles W. Moore, of Company G, 
had been detailed as a brigade sharpshooter some time later. 
He had a number of miraculous escapes during the campaign of 
1864. When he was mustered out of the service he received 
special mention for not having lost an hour off duty during the 
three years of his enlistment. 

One of the most touching and pathetic incidents of army life 
occurred on the eventful night of June 3. A tired and wornout 
soldier, like many of his comrades, had fallen into a sound sleep, 
soon after the firing had ceased. About the hour of midnight, a 
troublesome dream aroused him from his slumbers. Uncon- 
scious of his surroundings, he raised himself up above the breast- 
works, when a minie ball struck him, and he fell on his gun,, 
exclaiming, "Boys, I'm shot." The noise awakened some of his 
comrades, who came to give assistance, but they could find no 
traces of a wound. 

"You are dreaming," said one of them. 

"I was dreaming," said the soldier, "but am I not hurt? What 
means this stinging pain in my breast?" And then he lay 
down as though he were again falling asleep. The night was 
very dark. His comrades did not know that a ball had passed 
through his body. The next morning they found it had pene- 
trated his heart. He was dead. 

On June 4, a member of Company I said to his comrades: 
"I am going to jump over the trenches and get behind that tree 
yonder. Think I can pick off some Johnny sharpshooters." 



— i55 — 

"Don't go, Jack," said two of his comrades at the same time. 

"Do you hear the bullets singing overhead?" said another. 

"But I'm going/'he replied,and bounded over the breastworks, 
escaping in safety to the tree. He fired one shot, which was fol- 
lowed by a score of Confederate bullets embedding themselves in 
the tree, or scraping its bark. He stood erect for an hour or 
more, without moving to the right or the left, for a dead line was 
on both sides if he. exposed himself to the sharpshooters. He 
put his cap on the end of his ramrod and moved it out a short 
distance, when it was pierced by a half dozen bullets. The tree 
saved his life, but he remained behind it till the darkness of the 
night partially shielded him from danger and then made his way 
back to the intrenchments on hands and feet. 

Col. Schall remained at the division hospital till June 8, when 
he was granted a leave of absence for 30 days on surgeon's cer- 
tificate. He returned to York until he recovered. Before leav- 
ing the field hospital he recommended for promotion the follow- 
ing officers under his command: Edgar M. Ruhl, from First 
Lieutenant to Captain of Company D ; Alexander Strickler, Sec- 
ond Lieutenant to First Lieutenant of Company E; Charles J. 
Fox, First Sergeant to Second Lieutenant of same company; 
William H. Lanius, who was also an aid on brigade staff, from 
First Lieutenant to Captain of Company I; Edward F. Coe, 
First Sergeant to Second Lieutenant of same company. 

In the afternoon of June 4 Gen. Wright sent the following to 
Gen. Ricketts: "In pursuance of the orders already given, you 
will advance to-night your position as much as possible toward 
the enemy by approaches, and I suggest that you open, if practi- 
cable, the line now held by your skirmishers, making a contin- 
uous line of intrenchments to be occupied before daylight by 
your first line of battle. This line should be connected with the 
rear by zig-zags." 

Following these instructions gradual approaches toward the 
enemy were made from the 3d to the 10th of June. The lines had 
to be relieved in the night to avoid being seen by the enemy. 
Every man that passed to the rear during the day,either for water 



- i 5 6 - 



or for any other purpose did so at the peril of his life. In day- 
light the men lay in position firing at every head that appeared 
above the enemy's works and being fired at in turn. The cook- 
ing was done in "cellars" as the troops called them, being exca- 



rear of our regiment is another line of battle, which moves up as 
we move. We are behind a line of works thrown up by a detail of 
our men on June 3. When a comrade goes to the rear for 
water he takes 20 or 30 canteens and is fortunate if a volley is 
not fired at him." 

June 7, while Aaron Stahl, of Company E, was cooking his 
dinner, a short distance back of the intrenchments, a minie ball 
struck the ground near him and threw some dirt over his meat. 

"Hello, the Johnnies are peppering my dinner," said he to his 
comrades. 

"Get down behind the works or they will pepper you," added 
the orderly sergeant. 




vations in the ground imme- 
diately to the rear of the in- 
trenchments. These were some 
times dug with bayonets, 
tin plates, or halves of can- 
teens. 



The 87th Regiment on June 
5 was placed in the front line 
of breastworks. They made ap- 
proaches toward the enemy by 
moving every night forward to 
the earth work constructed un- 
der the cover of darkness. 



"The right companies," re- 
cords Sergeant Blotcher of 
Company E in his diary, "are 
now along a wood, which ex- 
tends towards the enemy less 
than one hundred yards from 
us. About twentv yards to the 



— 157 — 

" They can't hit me," but he had scarcely finished the words, 
when a rifle ball caused a painful flesh wound in his thigh. Hq 
dropped to the ground, accidentally kicking over the skillet. As 
he rolled around he shouted at the top of his voice, ''Save my 
meat! save my meat!" 

There had been numerous casualties all along the corps line 
since June I for continuous skirmishing, and at times furious 
cannonading had been the programme for each day. On the 7th 
the regiment lost several men. Daniel C. Fulton, of Company 
C, while sitting behind the breastworks with his elbow resting 
on his knapsack, was struck in the head by a sharpshooter's ball, 
and died instantly. Among the wounded were Michael Walte- 
myer, Company C ; Aaron Stahl, Company E, and Leonard Wat- 
son, Company G. James . A. Thompson, of Company C, was 
killed early in the morning of the 6th while levelling off the top 
of the intrenchments. 

The continuous fighting for several days at close range had 
given little opportunity for burying the dead and taking care 
of the wounded. A cessasion of hostilities was agreed upon be- 
tween Grant and Lee on the evening of the 7th. As soon as its 
announcement was made by a signal gun, all along the lines of 
both armies, soldiers jumped upon the breastworks, sat there and 
began to exchange compliments. The scenes that followed were 
unparalleled in the history of the war. Communications between 
men of the opposing forces were supposed to be prohibited, but 
the familiar call: 

"Hello, Yank, got any coffee?" was quickly answered by "Yes, 
Johnny,I'll trade you coffee for tobacco if you meet me half way," 

Then the soldier in blue and the soldier in grey met be- 
tween the lines, shook hands, exchanged different articles and 
engaged in conversation. Philadelphia and New York papers 
were traded for the Richmond "Enquirer, 1 ' or some other South- 
ern newspaper. One of the last scenes in front of the regiment 
was an officer of the 87th drinking to the health of Abraham 
Lincoln, when a South Carolina captain beside him drank to the 
health of Jefferson Davis. 



— 159 — 

The order issued by Gen. Meade reads as follows. "All corps 
commanders are notified that a flag of truce exists to-day, June 7. 
from 6 to 8 p. m., when they will immediately send out, under 
a white flag, medical officers with stretcher-bearers to bring in 
the dead and wounded. No intercourse of any kind will be held 
with the enemy. The medical officers and attendants will be en- 
joined not to converse upon any subjects connected with military 
operations likely to give any information to the enemy." 

On the following day not a cloud was to be seen in the sky. 
Kain had fallen during the night. The weather was cool and 
pleasant. Sharp skirmishing took place in the afternoon, when 
Corporal Eaton, of Hopewell township, a member of Company 
G, was mortally wounded, while preparing coffee in the "Com- 
pany Kitchen." He was sent to the hospital at Washington, 
where he died June 13. 

At some places the two armies lying behind breastworks, 
were not more than fifty yards apart on the 10th. No man 
could show his head above the breastworks. The regiment was 
still in the front rifle pits. James Mundorf, of Company E, and 
Jeremiah Starner, of Company F, were wounded. 

Now came the evidences of a change of base. Ricketts' divi- 
sion, which had held its position so well behind the rifle pits, and 
had moved forward to within speaking distance of the enemy, 
was relieved on the evening of June io,and moved to the rear to 
-await orders. Early in the morning of the nth the 1st Brigade, 
now under Col. Truex, was placed to the rear of the 2d Corps. 
The whole division soon followed. 

Grant became convinced that he could not take Richmond 
from the north. He had lost during the past month thousands of 
men in killed,wounded and missing. He determined to cross the 
James river and move upon the Confederate Capital from the 
south, also to cut off the railroads, which brought supplies from 
the Southern States to Lee's army and to Richmond. 



CHAPTER XII. 

THE CHANGE OF BASE— MARCH TO THE JAMES RIVER BEFORE 

PETERSBURG WELDON RAILROAD. 

HILE General Grant 
was preparing for the 
coming flank move- 
ment toward Peters- 
burg, the different 
corps comprising the 
Army of the Potomac 
rested quietly for two 
days, near the scene 
of the contest at Cold 
Harbor. The plans 
were carefully made,, 
and the flank marches 
were conducted with 
great skill, and the 
movement of the col- 
\ iw^ nmns, with a con- 

stantly shifting base,, 
present a study highly interesting and instructive to those who> 
concern themselves with the larger questions of the war. This- 
chapter, however, does not take up the movements and oper- 
ations of the army, but describes the part taken by the regi- 
ment with the 3rd Division of the 6th Corps, until July 6, 
when the division was detached from the Army of the Potomac 
and was sent to meet Early in Maryland. 

The army began to move toward the James River June 12. 
The 5th and 9th Corps led in the march. The weather was very 




— i6i — 



warm, and the roads dusty. Chaplain Eberhart conducted re- 
ligious service in the forenoon before the 87th took up the line 
of march. The division brought up the rear of the corps, mov- 
ing all day a distance of 25 miles in a southeasterly direction, 
crossing the Chickahominy River after dark. Here the wagon 
train joined the division, which bivouacked for the night on 
the south side of the river. They started early the next morn- 
ing, and passed through a country noted for bogs and swamps. 
After crossing these the 87th rested in a beautiful pine forest;, 
then entered a fertile and productive country. 

After passing Charles City Court House, the division moved 
to the right and arrived within two miles of the James River 
at one o'clock on the 14th. The army was now short of rations 
and the 87th Regiment, together with other commands, sub- 
sisted on hard corn and beef for two days. The division was in; 
line of battle, expecting the enemy might make an attack on 
the wagon train. It was the first time the rebels had put in an 
appearance since the 6th Corps had retired from behind the in- 
trenchments at Cold Harbor. The regiment with the brigade 
moved half a mile to the right at 10 a. m. They returned to 
the former position at 5 p. m., and formed in line to protect the 
wagon trains. Part of the corps began to cross the James Riv- 
er on transports. The regiment was now in full view of the 
large gunboats lying on the James. 

"On the evening of the 15th, the wagon train having arrived 
we drew three days rations, which were thankfully received by 
all the troops. We then formed by brigade in an open field, 
where we remained for the night," says Sergeant Blotcher. 

At 7 a. m. of the 16th, heavy cannonading was heard up the 
river where part of General Butler's forces had engaged the 
enemy. Ricketts' Division changed its position at 8 a. m., 
moved nearer to the James, and threw up earthworks to guard 
the wagon train while it was crossing the river. General Ben- 
ham in charge of the bridge train, laid a bridge 2,000 feet long 
across the James in one day. The channel boats were anchored 
on water seventy-eight feet deep. Part of the 2d Corps crossed 
10 



l62 — 

over it, the balance on ferry boats. This corps was ordered to 
move toward Petersburg. This city, twenty-two miles south 
from Richmond, is situated at the head of sloop navigation of 
the Appomattox River. It was the focus of all the railroads 
except the Danville, which connected Richmond with the 
South and the Southwest. If this city were taken and firmly 
held, our guns would soon be thundering at the Southern ap- 
proaches of the Confederate capital. 

The moment it was decided that Meade's army must cross 
the James, below Richmond, and threaten that city from the 
'. South, Grant went to the headquarters of the Army of the 
James to direct Butler to be ready to move toward Petersburg 
with his entire force as soon as he could be supported by Meade. 

Butler asked to be reinforced by part of the 6th Corps. Grant 
'.complied with his request, and for three days, from 17th to the 
:20th. of June, Ricketts' men were in Butler's command. His 
•division on the morning of June 16, was on the north side of 
rthe James. Early in the morning he moved nearer to the river. 

The main body of the Potomac army, densely packed on 
transports was now crossing the stream. The boys of the 87th 
watched the movement of the troops to the boats with much 
-admiration. 

At 5 p. m. Ricketts received orders to march to Wilcox Land- 
ing, which is twenty-five miles southeast of Richmond. Here 
the different regiments embarked on steamers for Bermuda 
Hundred eighteen miles distant, to reinforce Butler. The 87th 
Regiment and the 14th New Jersey marched aboard the John 
Brooks, at 8 p. m. The steamer was packed to its fullest ca- 
pacity. There was hardly standing room for all the troops. 
The weather was very hot, and the trip an unpleasant one. All 
the night the distant roar of cannon was heard. Our gunboats 
were firing upon Fort Darling, an almost impregnable fortress, 
which defended the approach to Richmond by water. 

At City Point, where the Appomattox unites with the James, 
the boat anchored half an hour, and then steamed up the Appo- 
mattox, arriving at Burmuda Hundred at 11 p. m. After disem- 



- i6 3 - 

barking, they marched to Butler's command, then lying behind 
fortifications five miles distant. Heavy musketry and artillery 
firing was heard on the march. Butler had been fighting for 
several days. The division is now in Green Valley, seven miles 
from Fort Darling on Drury's Bluff, and eight miles from 
Petersburg. In front of Butler the enemy had- a line of fortifi- 
cations, twelve miles in length, extending from the James to the 
Appomattox. 

General Ricketts was ordered to draw up his division in line 
at midnight as a general assault on the enemy's works was 
to be made. The 87th Regiment was formed in the shape of 
the letter V, with the colors at the angle. When the skirmishers 
moved forward it was found that the enemy had abandoned the 
temporary line, giving up their original system of entrenchments, 
and had fallen back to higher and more commanding ground, 
closer around Petersburg. The assault was deferred. The divi- 
sion then returned to the fortifications. At 3 p. m. of the 18th, 
a battery opened upon the 1st Brigade, when a number of the 
1 06th New York were killed and wounded. Henry Dellinger, 
of Company E, and Corporal Watson, of Company G, of the 
87th Regiment, were wounded. One large shell struck the 
bomb proof occupied by the 87th. It caused some confusion, 
no one was hurt. The 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, belonging to 
Ricketts' Division, opened on the enemy for a short time. There 
was tremendous cannonading in the direction of Petersburg. 
The 87th boys received their mail in the evening. Many of them 
got letters from home. One of the letters brought the news of 
the death of Corporal Eaton, who had been wounded at Cold 
Harbor. 

In the evening of June 19th the division was relieved by the 
1 8th Corps, and ordered to march from behind Butler's fortifi- 
cations to join the balance of the 6th Corps. They marched 
five miles, crossing three small streams, on pontoons, and 
camped for the night, two miles from the battle line of the 
Potomac Army in front of Petersburg. It was during the night 
of the 18th that a desperate battle took place in front of Peters- 



— 164 — 

burg, where the division of colored troops, in storming the 
heights of that city, distinguished themselves for courage and 
bravery. 

An interesting event to the 87th, in the forenoon of the 19th 
of June, was that of Generals Grant and Butler riding by the 
division headquarters. They halted, and Grant took special 
delight in exhibiting a fine looking horse he had recently pro- 
cured. He dismounted and his noble looking animal was much 
admired by a number of officers. 

Every man in the regiment, brigade and division was now ex- 
pecting to soon take part in a hard fought battle. Preparations 
were being made for it. The drum corps and band of the regi- 
ment went half a mile to the rear to erect a brigade hospital. 
At 7 a. m. a rebel fort opened upon the division. Shot and 
shell flew thick and fast. The brigade was massed in a large 
woods. They soon moved out of range of the guns. There 
were no casualties. 

The skirmish line of Meade's Army was now within half a 
mile of Petersburg, then one of the best fortified cities in the 
country. On the morning of the 21st, the 6th Corps moved to 
to the left of the 2d. It was now on the extreme left of the 
army. The 87th moved along the heights of Petersburg, four 
and a half miles away, but in full view of the beleaguered city, 
which sooner or later must surrender to the Federal troops, 
gathering in vast numbers around it. 

The regiment sent out a detail of 125 skirmishers in the after- 
noon to relieve the cavalry. They approached within three 
miles of Petersburg, and returned to camp that night. 

During the evening a number of the 87th boys engaged in 
a discussion about Richmond. One year before 200 of the reg- 
iment were prisoners of war in Libby and on Belle Isle, having 
been taken there from Winchester after their capture at Carter's 
Woods, June 15, 1863. 

In the afternoon they moved near the Williams' House, 
when the brigade immediately began to throw up earthworks, 
with bayonets and tin cups. It was tedious business, but each 



- i6 S - 

regiment succeeded in making a good line of defensive works. 
The soil was loose and sandy. 

About ii a. m. the division was drawn up in line of bat- 
tle, and moved forward about a mile through thick under 
brush. 

In the evening of June 21, Colonel Stahle sent out a detail 
of skirmishers under Lieutenant Stallman, of Company C, and 
Lieutenant Spangler, of Company A, with Captain Myers as 
officer of the day They advanced about a mile beyond the 
battle line. These skirmishers moved into a woods containing 
a dense growth of underbrush. As night came on, it grew so 
dark, that the men could see but a short distance ahead. Chris- 
tian List, of Company K, who had gone only a few yards in 
front of the line, unexpectedly found himself in the hands of 
the enemy, who said: "Hello! Yank, come with us," and he 
was marched away as a prisoner. This part of the line fell 
back a short distance to await the approach of day. 

During the night the enemy fell back. Early in the morning 
of June 22 our skirmishers began advancing slowly through 
woods, thickets and open fields, feeling their way as they moved 
along. The enemy's line was not in sight. Occasionally a 
single man could be seen on a tree-top, a distance ahead, 
keeping a watch of the movements of the skirmishers. When 
our men crossed a swamp, the line swung around to the right, 
with heavy timber in front and left. 

At this juncture, the order "Forward," was passed from man 
to man in a whisper. At the same instant, the enemy rose up 
from a place of concealment, and charged our skirmishers, 
driving them back. That part of the line on the left, in charge 
of Lieutenant Stallman, was cut off, and himself and twelve 
men taken prisoners. The skirmish line fell back throug'h the 
swamp, and remained there over night. About 7 p. m. 
Ricketts' Division charged forward, and drove the enemy back 
precipitately, sweeping part of our skirmish line along with it. 
After advancing two miles they halted and began to intrench 
themselves. 



— 1 66 — 



During this day Thomas Neely, of Company E, received a 
fatal shot, and died in the evening. 

The wounded were as follows: Company A, Charles Hyde; 
Company F, Sergeant John Sheads; Company K, Alexander 
Gleason, Dennis Crimmins. 

The following were taken prisoners on the skirmish line: 
Company A, Michael Marra; Company B, William Carroll; 
Company C, Lieutenant Stallman, Jeremiah Flinn, (died in An- 
dersonville); Levi C. Frey, Anthony Grim, Conrad Henk, 
Artemas Hildebrand, Enoch C. Hartman; Company D, John 
Henn; Company F, Henry F. Coon. 

The losses during the clay in the division were heavy. In the 
evening the 87th band and the drum corps were ordered to the 
field hospital to help take care of the wounded. About 11 p. m. 
2d Corps assaulted the Confederate works. The rattle of mus- 
ketry and the roar of cannon were terrific. The scene on that 
eventful June night to our men lying behind the entrenchments 
were awe-inspiring, yet magnificent. The lurid glare of burst- 
ing shells disclosed to their view the movement of the troops 
toward the fortifications, indicating that our flag would soon be 
planted upon the ramparts around Petersburg. 

The following day, June 23, the sun rose in a clear sky. The 
weather was very hot, the atmosphere oppressive. Orders had 
been received by General Ricketts for part of his division to take 
the front line with Gen. Wheaton's Brigade of the 2d Division 
of the 6th Corps. The Confederates had driven back our cav- 
alry, after the latter had torn up the Welden Railroad in places. 
They tried to flank our left when part of the 2d Division was 
moved to the left of Ricketts, who held the extreme left of the 
army. The right of the 87th was then unprotected, The regi- 
ment had formed back of a woods with a swamp as a protec- 
tion on the left. During the engagement the 62d New. York 
Regiment, of Wheaton's brigade, fell back precipitately. This 
exposed the right of the 87th, when Wright's Brigade of Ma- 
hone's Division, came rushing in on the right flank, capturing 
75 men of the regiment, including Captain Fahs, of Company A; 



- i6 7 - 

Captain Maish, of Company B, and Lieutenant Fox, of Com- 
pany E. The regiment then fell back, and formed a skirmish 
line. It soon became engaged with a part of Anderson's Di- 
vision, of Hill's Corps. The regiment lost in killed, wounded 
and missing on June 23, ninety men. 

The killed were as follows: Company C, Corporal Isaiah 
Hoff; Company D, Jacob N. March; Company E, Sergeant 
Michael Riter. 

The following men were wounded: Company A, Elijah 
Francis, Henry L. Neuman, Alexander Kipp, Samuel Baum- 
gardner; Company B, Corporal Lucas Shurer, Privates Daniel 
W. Keiter, Cyrus W. Kippel; Company C, Sergeant Adam F. 
Stifler, Corporals Samuel B. Ruhl, John C. Broom, Privates 
Samuel D. Louck, John Poet, David Saylor, Franklin Seip (died 
in prison), Michael Waltemeyer; Company D, John Dettinger, 
Joseph A. Glatfelter, Peter Miller and John A. Orwig; Company 
E, Lieutenant Charles J. Fox, Private George A. Welsh; Com- 
pany F, William D. Holtzworth and Samuel S. George; Com- 
pany G, Patrick McCabe, Frederick Schoffstall, Jacob Ruth, 
Joseph F. W 7 elsh; Company I, John V. Martz. 

The following were among the missing in action: Company 
A, Captain John Fahs, Sergeant Henry Shultz, Samuel Andrews, 
Howard F. Andrews, Peter Bott, Charles E. Gotwalt, Charles 
Metzgar, William H. Shuman, William Shriver. 

Company B, Captain Levi Maish, Sergeant Edward Rudy 
(died in Andersonville), Frank Drabenstadt, Mathias Hull, 
Michael Heiman, Joseph Hummel (died in Andersonville), Mar- 
tin Hull, Thomas Malone, James Oren, Richard Quinn, George 
W. Rouch, William Ramsay (died in Andersonville), Henry 
Shatzler, George Toomey, George Zorger, Augustus Weingard- 
ner, Henry C. Welker (died in Andersonville.) 

Company C, Henry E. Blaney, William Brenneman, William 
IT. Poet, Michael Poet, Thomas Bull. 

Company D, Corporals Newton Krow, Squire Bamford, 
William S. Stewart (died in prison), Privates George Bollinger, 
Levi W. Dubbs, George W. Eaton, John Henn, Alexander 



— 1 68 — 

Klineclinst, Lewis Klinedinst, William H. Metcalf. William S. 
Stewart was six feet four inches tall. He was never heard of 
after arriving at Andersonville. 

Company E, Lieutenant Charles J. Fox, Privates John Crone. 
John Everhart, Samuel B. Gray, Jacob Horlebein, Augustus 
Keiser, Samuel R. Miller, Charles March, Henry Myers, J. F. 
W. Shultz, Henry Smith, Jacob Witmer, James H. Moorhead. 

Company F, William T. Ziegler. 

Company G, Charles Booth. 

Company H, Ernst G. Henkle. 

Company K, Christian List. 

These prisoners were marched to Petersburg and from thence 
to Richmond. From the latter place they were sent to Southern 
prisons. An account of their prison experience will be found 
elsewhere in this book. There were some more men not indi- 
cated above who died in prison. Their record will be found in 
the muster rolls. 

It was a common experience foi men to get within the lines 
of the opposing forces, by mistake, in the Wilderness Campaign 
and at Cold Harbor. The most amusing one, however, that 
was brought to the attention of the 87th, occurred in front of 
Petersburg. A Confederate soldier had gone out from his 
regiment at dusk, with a load of cedar canteens to fill them with 
water for himself and some of his comrades. When he was 
returning to his regiment, he lost his way, and was approaching 
the 87th, lying behind their intrenchments. As he came near, 
the boys saw the name and number of his regiment on his hat. 

"What regiment is that?" he called out. 

"The 8th Georgia," replied one of the boys. 

"All right, thought yo 'uns were Yanks," and he climbed 
over the earthworks. 

"We want you and your canteens, Johnnie," said one of the 
boys. 

"And you are Yanks, be gad," said the tall Georgian, who 
became a prisoner. 

On June 24 the regiment was on the skirmish line with 



— i6g — 

the 2d Division, of the 6th Corps, supporting the cavalry The 
drum corps and band were busy carrying the dead and wounded 
from the field. When the regiment returned from picket duty 
in the evening, news came, that the division would lie in camp to 
rest for several days. It was the fifty-fifth day since the cam- 
paign opened, after the army had crossed the Rapidan May 4. 
During all that time the regiment was either engaged, or within 
hearing distance of musketry fire, or cannonading, every day ex- 
cept three. "In the evening," records Lewis I. Renaut, "we 
drew a ration of pickled onion, sauerkraut and pickles, a present 
from the Sanitary Commission. June 26 we had review, the 
first time since the campaign opened. Cannon continued to 
roar in the direction of Petersburg, five miles away. Our 
cavalry advanced up the Weldon railroad, nearer to the city, and 
■destroyed the track for several miles. Everything is quiet in 
our front. We drew a ration of whiskey to-day. The weather 
is awful hot. Heavy cannonading is followed by successive vol- 
leys of musketry. W r e plainly see the flash of the artillery in 
front of Petersburg. Water is very scarce. What we use is 
gotten by digging holes in the sandy soil and water settles in 
these holes on the sub-soil. This must supply our wants dur- 
ing the long and hot hours of the day. We had a fine shower 
to-day. The first rainfall for a long time here. On June 28 we 
moved our camp to a hill, which is beautifully shaded by a pine 
forest. The siege of Petersburg has begun. Our guns are con- 
tinually playing on the rebel works. A large number of contra- 
band negroes came into our lines. They are bound for the 
North. This is the first time we pitched our tents since we 
crossed the Rapidan. 

"June 29 our corps was reviewed by General Wright. We 
then broke camp, and by a very circuitous route of eight miles 
marched to Ream's Station, on Weldon Railroad. It was bad 
marching and we had no water fit to drink. June 30, our regi- 
ment and the 14th New Jersey tore up the railroad for three 
miles. We burned the ties and bent the rails. The cavalry set 
fire to the Station house, then went farther up and destroyed 



— 171 — 

several bridges. We fell back to the Jerusalem Plank Road at 
5 p. m., when the men, tired and weary, fell asleep under the 
trees. We beat reveille at 5 a. m., and 100 men went on picket- 
The corps moved to our former position, behind the rifle pits, 
five miles from Petersburg. July 3 is as dusty as before the 
shower. The weather is awful hot. A detail of 100 men went 
out on picket. The 9th Corps on our right is engaged." 

July 4 was ushered in with terrific booming of cannon and rattle 
of musketry. At the dawn of day all the bands belonging to the 
6th Corps were placed in line in full view of the different bri- 
gades. They played in turn the different National airs. The 
music was a fitting accompaniment to the deep-toned reverber- 
ations of nearly a hundred guns, engaged in a fierce artillery 
duel with the enemy's heavy guns behind the defenses of Pet- 
ersburg. A ration of whiskey, with quinine, was received by 
every man of the regiment and the entire corps on July 5. The 
water was bad and the weather oppressive. The Sanitary Com- 
mission sent another supply of pickled onions and sour pickles. 

In the operations before Petersburg, Truex's Brigade lost 132 
men in killed, wounded and missing. Of this number 104 were 
from the 87th Regiment. The career of the 6th Corps in the 
Army of the Potomac for the year 1864 was soon to end. At 2 
a. m. of July 6, the 3d Division received orders from General 
Grant to prepare to move at sunrise, toward City Point. They 
were to hasten by water to Baltimore, and thence by rail to 
Monocacy, Maryland, to meet Early on his raid toward Wash- 
ington City. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

THE BATTLE OF MONOCACY. 

ONOCACY River is 
a small stream 
which drains part 
of Southern Penn- 
sylvania, including 
the battlefield of 
Gettysburg, and 
flows into the Po- 
tomac, a short dis- 
•tance south of 
'Frederick, Mar y- 
1 a n d. Upon its 
banks, the 87th Regiment, with the 3d Division of the 6th Corps, 
fought with heroic gallantry on July 9, 1864, and assisted a small 
force under General Lew Wallace, in retarding the progress of 
Early's invaders, and in saving the National Capital from the 
hands of the enemy. General Lee, having been hard pressed by 
the Army of the Potomac around Petersburg, determined, early 
in July, to make a diversion in favor of his own army by a men- 
ace against Washington City. He did this in order to compel 
Grant to detach so much of the Army of the Potomac that of- 
fensive operations against Petersburg should cease. Lee's plans 
were facilitated by the fact that the Union army, lying south of 
the James River, completely uncovered the National Capital. 
The direct line of march by the Shenandoah Valley had been left 
open to the advance of a hostile force, by the defeat of General 
Hunter before Lynchburg, Hunter then took up an eccentric 
line of retreat by way of Western Virginia. The frontier of the 
loyal States to the North was then left almost unprotected. 




— i 73 — 

For the purpose of carrying into execution this Northern in- 
vasion, Lee detached from his own army, a large force under 
General Early, who entered the Shenandoah Valley, and moved 
rapidly toward Martinsburg. General Sigel, who held that post 
with a small body of troops, hastily retreated, and took position 
with another small force under General Weber on Maryland 
Heights, opposite Harper's Ferry. Owing to the low condition 
of the Potomac, and the destruction of the Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad in several places, Hunter could not rapidly transport 
his troops toward Martinsburg, and he did not check the move- 
ment of Early into Maryland. General Lew Wallace, in com- 
mand of the Middle Department, with headquarters at Balti- 
more,- had the only force now at hand, and that a small one, to 
dispute Early's advance. 

On July 4 General Grant, at his headquarters at City Point, 
on the James River, received the first news of Early's design. 
On that day he sent the following dispatch to the authorities at 
Washington: "A deserter from Lee's army came into camp, 
and gave me the information that Ewell's Corps is off in the 
Shenandoah Valley with the intention of going into Maryland 
and Washington. I think it advisable to hold all the force you 
can, about Washnigton, Baltimore, Harper's Ferry and Cumber- 
land, ready to concentrate against the advance of the enemy. 
If Hunter is in striking distance, there ought to be veteran force 
enough to meet anything the enemy has." 

On the same day General Wallace telegraphed to Washington 
as follows: "I have just been informed that 2,000 Confederate 
Cavalry have crossed the Potomac at Williamsport, Maryland. 
They are now approaching Hagerstown. A large force of 
infantry and artillery, under General Early, is following closely 
upon the heels of the cavalry. I am doing all I can to concen- 
trate my command." 

Hunter was still marching over the mountains of West Vir- 
ginia, and Sigel was bottled up on Maryland Heights. The way 
was open; Early swept into Maryland, through Hagerstown, over 
the Antietam battlefield and was soon ascending the South 



— 174 — 

Mountains. He had destroyed the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 
for a considerable distance, levied a contribution of $20,000 on 
Hagerstown, burned some buildings at Williamsport, and raided 
into Pennsylvania for horses, provisions, cattle and money. The 
-excitement in York, Harrisburg, Carlisle and Chambersburg, 
.almost equalled that aroused by the approach of Lee toward 
Gettysburg one year before. 

It was soon discovered that General Early's plan in this 
-march toward Washington was to go through Frederick, Mary- 
land. This city was considered by him to be,as he once told the 
writer, ''a central point, from which I could threaten both Bal- 
timore and Washington." General Wallace decided to con- 
front the invaders at Monocacy Bridge, nearly three miles south 
of Frederick. This place afforded a fairly good defensive posi- 
tion. But the Union troops in the East had nearly all been sent 
to the army under Grant and Meade, operating against Rich- 
mond. 

General Wallace left Baltimore on the evening of July 6 and 
established headquarters on the east bank of the Monocacy 
River near the railroad bridge. The Union forces at his com- 
mand were about 2,500 men. 

Such was the condition of affairs when General Grant decided 
to send the 6th Army Corps, then lying five miles south of 
Petersburg, to the assistance of General Wallace, and to the 
defense of the National Capital. This corps, now under com- 
mand of General Wright, had seen almost continuous fighting 
for sixty days. It fell to the lot of Ricketts' Division to move 
first. Although the ranks were much depleted, his men were 
in excellent condition ready and eager to meet in battle array 
the invading foe then moving toward the city of Frederick in 
Western Maryland. 

Early in the morning of July 6, just as the sun was rising, 
this division, with two days' rations, began the march. The 
roads were dusty, the sun was hot, and before they had reached 
City Point, a distance of twelve miles, the blue uniforms of the 
soldiers were tliickly covered with the dust of old Virginia. At 




LIEUTENANT COLONEL JAMES A. STAHLE. 



— 175 — 

City Point they embarked for Baltimore. The 14th New Jersey, 
.and part of the 87th Pennsylvania, with Colonel Truex and his 
staff, boarded the steamer Columbia at noon, and sailing down 
the James River they reached Fortress Monroe at 9 p m. 
W hile passnig through Hampton Roads, where the Monitor 
defeated the Merrimac two years before, the Columbia an- 
chored half an hour. The ride up the Chesapeake was delight- 
ful, for the weather was cool and bracing, and the air invigo- 
rating. The military band of the 87th played its best selections, 
including "Maryland, my Maryland," and the men of both 
regiments applauded. Some of the men fell into a deep, sound 
•sleep early in the evening, while others sat on deck and watched 
the soft rays of the moon shed a liquid light over the placid 
waters of the bay. Adjutant Martin completed his list of casual- 
ties since the regiment had left its headquarters at Brandy 
Station just two months before. There were 204 in all, killed, 
wounded and captured. Two days later he gave his own life to 
his country on the plains of the Monocacy. The Columbia 
anchored at Locust Point at 12 o'clock noon, July 7. after a trip 
•of 250 miles down the James River and up the Chesapeake to 
Baltimore. Orders were given to remain on the boat till the 
transports came up, bringing the balance of the division. One 
of them arrived at 6 p. m., and three hours later General Wallace 
sent word that all the troops that had arrived at Baltimore should 
disembark at once and start for Frederick. They marched to the 
railroad station., boarded a train, and rode all night in a rain 
-storm, The train moved slowly and cautiously, stopping often 
on the way to make sure that the track was safe. The men 
passed a sleepless night on the crowded cars. They arrived at 
Frederick at 8 a. m. of July 8. Being short of rations,the troops 
at Frederick generously shared with Truex's veterans some of 
their own commissary supplies. Loyal citizens of Frederick 
gave them some bread, meat and coffee. 

The wagon trains and the artillery were left behind. The 
Star, one of the later tansports to leave City Point, arrived at 
Fortress Monroe at midnight of July 6, remaining there till 



— 176 — 

early dawn of the next day, and reached Baltimore at 1 a. m. of 
the 8th. Part of the 87th Regiment was on board of this boat, 
on which Captain Myers, of Company E, was officer of the day. 
This detachment, together with four regiments of the division, 
left Baltimore at 8:30 a. m. and reached Frederick at 3 p. m. of 
the 8th. They found the regiment, as it was drawn up in line of 
battle, about one and one-half miles out on the Middletown road. 

The 1st Brigade of Ricketts' Division, commanded by Colonel 
W. S. Truex, was composed of the 151st New York Regiment,. 
Colonel Emerson; the 106th New York, Colonel Paine; the 14th 
New Jersey, Lieutenant Colonel Hall; the 10th Vermont, Colo- 
nel Henry; and the 87th Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Colonel 
Stahle. This brigade had 1750 effective men. 

The 2d Brigade, commanded by Colonel McClennan, was 
composed of the 9th New York Heavy Artillery, Colonel W. H. 
Seward, Jr. ; the 110th Ohio, Lieutenant Colonel Binkley; the 
1226. Ohio (detachment), Lieutenant Gibson; the 126th Ohio,. 
Lieutenant Colonel Ebright; the 138th Pennsylvania, Major 
May. 

These two brigades, together with the troops under Gen- 
eral Tyler at Frederick, already mentoined, was the entire force 
General Wallace had at his command, to meet an approaching 
army of nearly 30,000 men under Geneal Early. 

The enemy's advance had been met on the Catoctin Mountain 
and in the Middletown valley, by small detachments of our cav- 
alry and mounted infantry, and by three guns of Alexander's 
Battery. A skirmish had also taken place near Frederick on 
July 8. On the same day Secretary Stanton telegraphed to 
General Wallace, "Sige! is still at Maryland Heights. You are 
doubtless aware of the great importance of the railroad bridge 
over the Monocacy .River near Frederick. If it be damaged or 
destroyed, great delay will result in getting reinforcements to 
Sigel. Protect fully this most important structure.*' Wallace 
immediately responded, "I will hold the bridge at all hazards; 
send me troops as rapidly as possible. My forces are already- 
engaging ihe enemy." 



— 177 — 

Early was now pushing the remainder of his forces through 
the passes of the Catoctin Mountain, thinking that none but 
militia lay between him and the Nation's Capital, only 40 miles 
away. His troops were veterans, picked for the work they were 
expected to do. They were largely composed of the same com- 
mands of Ewell's Corps that General Ricketts and his valiant 
men had been fighting from the Rapidan to Petersburg, before 
they had taken up their silent and stealthy march for the Shen- 
andoah Valley and Maryland. But they were soon to meet the 
old flag in the hands of men who were themselves veterans, and 
who had never seen that flag dishonored. 

Early in the afternoon Captain Leonard, assistant adjutant: 
general on brigade staff, went to the farmhouse of Colonel! 
Smith, a prominent citizen, residing a short distance out fromi 
Frederick, where he engaged a supper of waffles and chicken for 
Colonel Truex and his staff: This was the first time in the 
campaign of 1864, that they were in a country where provisions 
were plentiful. As they had nothing to eat since leaving Bal- 
timore, the night before, every officer was very hungry and soon 
expected to eat a hearty supper. It was being prepared by 
Colonel Smith's colored servant, who was noted for her ex- 
cellence in the art of cooking. 

While they were moving toward the supper table an aide 
came riding up, and after saluting the officers said: 

"Colonel Truex" — 

"General Wallace presents his compliments, and desires that 
you fall back through Frederick in the direction of Monocacy, 
immediately." 

The opportunity was gone, and the hungry officers were com- 
pelled to leave without enjoying the evening repast. 

In accordance with his plans already formulated Wallace de- 
termined to withdraw all his troops from Frederick on the even- 
ing of July 8, and concentrate them on the Monocacy, where a 
part of the 2d Brigade of Ricketts' Division was already station- 
ed. During the afternoon of the 8th the 1st Brigade was lying 
a short distance west of Frederick. The sun was still shining 
1 r 



- 1 78 - 

brightly, when a happy thought occurred to Colonel Truex. He 
decided that it would be a good thing to show the enemy that a 
part of the Army of the Potomac was on hand. General Early 
had established his signal corps on one of the highest points of 
the Catoctin range of mountains, to take observations of what 
was going on in the V alley of the Monocacy. Colonel Truex or- 
dered up all his mounted men available and rode on his old gray 
war horse at the head of the column over a hill-top. Riding 
.next to him was an orderly holding high in the air the brigade 
i'flag, a white-painted banner with the Greek cross, the badge of 
■the 6th Corps, in the center. This movement, however, was 
uiot observed by the rebels. 

In order to make double show of strength, Truex had his en- 
tire brigade march four times through an opening between two 
pieces of woods, and then began to move toward Monocacy. He 
.made. a detail of pickets, and placed it in charge of Major Pat- 
terson of the 14th New Jersey, who posted his men in the tront, 
:the left resting on the Jeffersonville road, the right opposite 
rthe city reservoir. The line was about three miles long. 

It seemed almost foolhardy for Wallace to place his force, 
of not more than 5,800 men, as an obstacle in the way of the 
heretofore victorious march of Early with at least four times 
that number. Only 3,350 of Wallace's men were veterans, near- 
ly all the rest were raw troops who had never met the enemy 
in battle. Wallace scarcely expected to defeat the invaders but 
as he says, "I hoped to gain time, compel the enemy to show 
their strength, and hold them in check, until the balance of the 
■6th Corps would arrive at Washington from the Army of the 
Potomac and get behind the intrenchments around that city." 

The ist Brigade moved southward during the night, and took 
position by the headquarters of General Wallace near the bridge 
over the Monocacy. Part of the 2d Brigade in all 1,650 men 
had just arrived there from Baltimore. 

Late in the evening Colonel Stahle received orders from Gen- 
eral Tyler that the 87th Pennsylvania and Alexander's battery 
•should bring up the rear. They were furnished with an ignor- 



— 179 — 

ant guide who took them by a circuitous route over a narrow 
road washed out by the recent heavy rains. Lieutenant Strick- 
ler, of Company E, with a detail of men guarded the rear of the 
regiment in this movement. The bark of the farmers' dogs to 
the West indicated that the enemy were not far away. At one 
time the talking of the invaders, and the neighing of their horses 
could be plainly heard. A caisson rolled over an embankment 
on the march. As ammunition for the artillery was scarce, it 
had to be recovered, and this delayed the movement. The regi- 
ment and battery marched all night, joining the brigade at 4 a. 
m. of July 9. The pickets, under Major Patterson, were also 
misled by a guide and did not arrive till sunrise, tired, foot-sore 
and hungry. 

Soon after the rear of the Union troops left Frederick, the 
rebel cavalry under McCausland entered the town. Bradley 
Johnson, who before the war, had been a member of the Fred- 
erick bar, commanded a brigade of this cavalry, and led the ad- 
vance into his native town. McCausland and he, by authority 
of Early, made a levy for $200,000. which was immediately paid, 
to prevent the city from being laid in ashes, as most of Cham- 
bersburg was a few days later by Confederate raiders under Mc- 
Causland. 

Saturday, July 9, dawned bright and clear, but very warm, 
over the beautiful little valley of the Monocacy, where General 
Wallace the now famous author of "Ben Hur" and the "Prince 
of India," was making his dispositions for the coming battle. 
There was no time for "a chariot race" that day. He took up 
his headquarters in a small frame house on the south side of the 
railroad, and on the east bank of the river. This house was 
owned by Captain Lieth of the 1st Maryland Regiment in the 
Confederate service. Most of the troops were on the south side 
of the railroad in the direction of the Kieffer Thomas house, and 
the farmhouse of James H. Gambrill. 

The advance of the Confederate forces followed closely upon 
the Union rear during the night, and early in the morning pick- 
et firing was heard within a mile of General Wallace's head- 



— 180 — 

quarters. In the disposition of his troops, Wallace placed his 
right, forming an extended line from the railroad in command of 
General Tyler who posted a force at the Stone bridge on the 
Baltimore pike. Upon the holding of that bridge depended the 
security of the right flank, and the line of retreat to Baltimore. 
A reserve was also kept at Crum's ford and at the railroad. 

As the left was likely to be the main point of attack, Wallace 
ordered Ricketts to form his command into two lines across the 
Washington road, so as to hold the rising ground south of it, 
and the wooden bridge across the river. Still farther to the 
left, Clendenin's Cavalry took post to watch that flank, and 
guard the lower fords of the river. The battery was divided. 
Ricketts and Tyler each receiving three guns and a 24 pound 
brass howitzer. 

About 7:30 o'clock a train arrived from Baltimore with sup- 
plies for Ricketts' men. The 87th Regiment was then stationed 
about one-fourth of a mile from the railroad bridge in a yard 
in front of the farmhouse of James H. Gambrill and around his 
grist mill. The commissary department at 8 o'clock was dealing 
out rations, when a Confederate shell from a rifle cannon posted 
on a hill about a mile to the West, fell in the ranks of the 151st 
New York, mortally wounding two men. A few seconds later, 
a shell from the same battery passed over the tent-fly of Colonel 
Hall, commanding the 14th New Jersey, and cut off the limb 
of a locust tree a short distance east of the New York regiment. 

Next a shell, sailing through the air with a rythmical swish, 
fell and exploded near the Gambrill house, wounding three men 
of the 87th Regiment. 

"I then learned," says General Wallace, ' 'that the enemy 
marched from Frederick by the pike, and threw out skirmishers 
behind whom they put their guns in position. The enemy's 
column followed their advance a little after 9 o'clock. They 
passed through the fields just out of range of my guns, without 
attempting to drive in our skirmishers. They moved rapidly 
around to the left, and forced a passage of the river at a ford 
about one mile below Ricketts." 



— 181 — 

Soon after the explosion of the shells within the ranks of the 
i st Brigade, the commissary train steamed away toward Balti- 
more, and Colonel Truex changed the position of the 151st New 
York. He placed it in support of the artillery on the hill west 
of the Washington road to the left of the Federal line. A heavy 
skirmish line of the enemy's cavalry and infantry appearing on 
the left and front, the other regiments of the brigade were mov- 
ed into position on the left of the 151st New York extending in 
the direction of the Thomas House and the Buckeystown road, 
the 10th Vermont being held in reserve. "The 14th New Jer- 
sey," says Colonel Stahle, "was on our right and the balance of 
our forces still farther in that direction." 

"From 9 o'clock to 10:30," reports General Wallace, "the ac- 
tion was little more than a warm skirmish and experimental 
cannonading, in which, however, the enemy's superiority in 
number and the calibre of their guns was fully shown. Against 
my six 3-inch guns and one brass howitzer, they opposed sixteen 
Napoleons. The enemv's first line of battle made its appearance 
about 10.30 o'clock, and moved against Ricketts, who meantime 
rlad changed front to the left, so that his right rested upon the 
river bank near the wooden carriage bridge. This change un- 
avoidably subjected his regiments to an unintermitted enfilading 
fire from the batteries across the stream on the Best farm. 

"So great was the enemy's front, also, that I was compelled 
to order the whole division into one line, thus leaving it without 
reserves. Still the enemy's front was greatest. Two more guns 
were sent from Tyler to Ricketts. Finally by burning the wood- 
en bridge, and the block house at its further end, thus releasing 
the force left to defend them, I put into the engagement every 
available man except Tyler's reserves. 

The enemy's first line was badly defeated. The second line 
then advanced, and was repulsed, but after a fierce and contin- 
uous struggle. In the time thus occupied I could probably 
have retired without much trouble, as the enemy was badly pun- 
ished. The main objects of the battle, however, were not ac- 
complished. The rebel strength was not yet developed." 



— l82 — 

When McCausland's cavalry, dismounted as skirmishers, ad- 
vanced upon the lei t they expected to meet raw troops, but 
were driven back in great confusion by the veterans of the 6th 
Corps. The next attack was made at the Y formed by the rail- 
road. This was met and held in check by the ioth Vermont 
who were at the same time annoyed by sharpshooters firing upon 
them from Best's farm. Alexander's Battery opened upon the 
barn, set it on tire, and dislodged the enemy. The Union skir- 
mishers were withdrawn to the east side of the river, just before 
the bridge was burned. After the enemy had been driven back 
from the railroad, about noon, there came that ominous lull of- 
ten spoken of before a storm. 

At 2 p. m. General Gordon with a large body of troops arrived 
at the scene of action from Frederick. He came by way of 
Buckeystown, and crossed the Monocacy at an abandoned ford 
under the protection of a woods and a hill, to the rear of John 
T. Worthington's farmhouse. He formed a line of battle with 
the prospect of turning Ricketts' flank. 

"While this movement was being executed," says Colonel 
Stahle, "Captain W. H. Lanius, who was an aide on the staff of 
Colonel Truex commanding our brigade, came riding along the 
line in full range of the enemy's sharpshooters, carrying orders 
from General Wallace directing the 87th Pennsylvania and the 
14th New Jersey to charge across the fields and take position, 
with the right resting at the Kiefer Thomas house, which was 
then held by the enemy's sharpshooters." 

The two regiments dashed heroically forward. "The 87th 
Pennsylvania," reports Colonel Truex, "executed this charge 
in gallant style, driving the enemy before them, and then occu- 
pied the Thomas house, and established their lines in accord- 
ance with instructions/' Clendenin's Illinois Cavalry now 
guarded the flank. 

Colonel Stahle displayed great courage in leading his men in 
this charge, which was most successfully executed. 

So much space had to be covered by the 1st Brigade that no 
point of the left was protected with more than a thin skirmish 



- i8 3 - 

line. Captain Solomon Myers, with Company E of the 87th, 
was sent through a cornfield to protect a weak point: Company 
K, commanded by Lieut. Haack, was directed to hold the posi- 
tion on the extreme left, at all hazards. The lines were now 
formed to meet the advancing column of Southern veterans. 
Out of the woods and through an oat field, they came in double 
line. They moved with great precision down the slope of the 
hill, while the boys of the 87th, arid the other veterans under 
Truex, eagerly watched their movement. They were ordered 
not to fire until the enemy had reached an oak tree, about one 
hundred yards distant, when several volleys were poured into 
them causing heavy losses. They fell back in broken ranks to 
the woods by the Worthington house, whose owner soon after- 
ward, told Major Goldsborough, of Tyler's staff, that the officers 
had to drive the men up with their swords when they began to 
reform the lines for another charge. It was at this time in 
the contest, that Gordon's men learned they were fighting vet- 
erans of the 6th Corps. When the front line had been formed 
a second time in the woods, it came marching down the slope. 
As it reached the oak tree, the vigorous fire from the Federal 
line repulsed the enemy again, but only after a fiercer and more 
protracted struggle than when they came on the first charge. 

At this point Wallace might have retreated with honor, for he 
had achieved the main purpose of his heroic stand, that of halt- 
ing their onward march and of developing the strength of the 
enemy, and checking Early's movements toward Washington. 
But he was expecting the arrival of the three regiments of the 
3rd Division lying at Monrovia, only a short distance away. 
Telegraph communications had been cut to Baltimore, and it 
was not definitely known to him, where these regiments were. 
In the meantime, Gordon again reformed his lines for a final 
struggle for supremacy. Early had sent re-enforcements to 
Gordon, who now out-numbered Ricketts three to one, even 
though Wallace had given the latter every available man he 
had. 

At 3:30 p. m. the Confederates emerged again from the woods., 



— 184 — 

a strong skirmish line appearing first. Then two battle lines 
followed, both of which overlapped the Federal line on the right 
and left flanks. They came charging down the hill, giving 
the ''rebel yell." Ricketts' men stood their ground with de- 
termination, repulsing the skirmish line, and holding the third 
charge in check, until their ammunition had nearly given out. 
The enemy now came in on their flanks, and captured some 
prisoners. 

At this juncture, about 4 p. m., General Wallace gave the 
order to fall back. It was during the afternoon that the 87th 
Regiment had most of its casualties, losing in killed, wounded 
and captured, 74 men. 

General Wallace, in his report, says: "I ordered General Rick- 
etts to withdraw his command by a county road, up the Monoc- 
acy, to the Baltimore turnpike. This was done with extra- 
ordinary steadiness under a fire of musketry and artillery. 
These men of the 6th Corps retreated reluctantly under my 
orders. They bore the brunt of the battle with a coolness and 
firmness, which, I venture to say, has never been exceeded in 
any battle in the war. 

"It would be difficult for me to say too much in praise of 
these veterans who made this fight. Although the appearance 
of the enemy's fourth line of battle made their ultimate defeat 
certain, they were not whipped. On the contrary, they were 
fighting steadily in an unbroken front, when I ordered their 
retirement. The fact speaks for itself, 'Monocacy' on their 
battle flags is a word of honor. If we had had trenching tools 
in time, no doubt the losses among the veterans would have been 
greatly lessened. Too much credit can not be given General 
Ricketts for his skill and courage. In this battle, we did not 
lose a flag or a gun. In the face of an overwhelming force of 
the enemy my entire command was brought from the field."/ 
List of Casualties. 

The following officers and men of the regiment were killed, 
or died of wounds received in this battle: 

Adjutant Anthony M. Martin. 



- i8 5 - 

Company A — First Lieutenant John F. Spangler, Private 
John Bittinger. 

Company C — Sergeant H. F. Waltemeyer. Privates Daniel 
Dice, Van Buren Danner, Thomas W. Crowl. 
Company F — Sergeant Elias Sheads. 
Company G — Sergeant Daniel L. Welsh. 

Company H — First Lieutenant Daniel P. Dietrich; Private 
John A. Cooley. 

Company K — First Lieutenant Charles F. Haack. 
The following officers and men were wounded: 
Captain W. H. Lanius, an aide on brigade staff. 
Company A — Sergeant Wm. F. Zorger. 

Company B — Sergeant William H. Parker ; Privates Henry 
Wilhelm, William Dittenhafer. 

Company C — Henry H. Bortner, Henry Burnstine. 

Company D — Sergeant Emanuel Ludwig, Corporal John T. 
Allison, Private Solomon Innerst. 

Company E — William Long, John E. Snyder. 

Company F — William Sheads. 

Company G — Sergeant William F. Eckert: Corporals Jacob 
Shultz, Henry Stine; Privates John Lichtenberger, William 
Wolf, Samuel Lau. 

Company H — Corporal David Pentz; Privates John L. Ritter. 
Anthony Wolf, Henry Noel. 

Company I — Ephraim Bankert, Thomas McLaine, John Noel, 
John Snyder, William Perlitz. 

Company K — Sergeant Charles Busey; Privates Lewis Rasch. 
Nathaniel Thompson, Daniel Keasey. William Emenheiser. 

The following were missing in action: 

Company A — Corporal Charles A. Laumaster; Privates Hugh 
Oninn, Oliver Fissel, Henry Poleman. 

Company C — Beniah Anstine, Francis A. Hersey, Eli Farar. 
N. J. Klinedinst, Thomas W. Crowl. 

Company D — Peter G. Reever. 

Company E — Corporals William N. Aughenbaugh, John H. 
Baughman; Privates Charles Coover, Jefferson Brunner. 



— 186 — 

Company F — Second Lieutenant William R Baker, Private 
Spangler Welsh, David Bowers. 

Company G — Lewis Miller, George Matson, Samuel Berk- 
heimer, William H. Lefever. 

Company I — Charles Howell, Peter Mclntyre, Joseph Stone- 
sifer, Daniel Heltzel, Frederick Green. 

Company K — Jacob Dobbler, Henry Billmeyer, Joseph A. 
Helker. 

Joseph G. Stonesifer, of Company I, was reported to have 
been the first man to reach the Thomas house when the regi- 
ment charged upon it in the afternoon. While Spangler Welsh,, 
of Company F, and some comrades were shooting out of a win- 
dow of this house, a Confederate shell crashed through the din- 
ing room, struck some knives, forks and spoons on a table, and 
scattered them in every direction, These men thought it pru- 
dent to move out of the house, but while going toward the barn 
were taken prisoners. 

In the forenoon a ball passed through the cap box and 
glanced from the XJ. S. plate of Charles Spahr, of Company A, 
Another struck his bayonet, nearly knockng the gun out of his 
hands. Jacob G. Shultz and John Lichtenberger, of Company 
G, were wounded in the forenoon by the same minie ball. Cor- 
poral Shultz was taken on an ambulance toward Baltimore and 
Corporal Stinc on the cars to the same city. Jacob Reed, of 
Company G, was taken prisoner. While on the march toward 
Washington in the dark, one of the Confederate guards allowed 
him to escape because he could not see to walk. 

Chaplain Eberhart had charge of some of the brigade horses 
during the battle, and on the retreat succeeded in saving them 
from capture. When there was a lull in the firing along the 
railroad, he hurried the men with the horses toward the Balti- 
more pike, in the lead of the retreating columns. W r hile riding 
across the field north of the railroad, he met two men carrying 
Adjutant Martin, mortally wounded, on a stretcher. He could 
not get an ambulance, and ordered the men to carry the Adju- 
tant to a neighboring farm house, where he died soon after- 



— i*7 - 

ward. While still conscious, he gave the chaplain his sword 
and haversack and asked him to send them to his relatives at 
New Oxford, Pa. Harrison Spangler, of Company K, helped 
to carry him from the battlefield. 

Lieutenant Haack, who had commanded Company K since 
June 15, 1863, was struck by a shell about 4 0. m., when the 
regiment was ordered to fall back to the pike. He was carried 
hastily to the rear by his men and placed on an ambulance 
which was driven toward Baltimore. His wound proved to be 
a fatal one, and he died near Ellicotts' mills, where his remains 
were temporarily buried in the Methodist church yard. They 
were afterward removed to York and buried with military hon- 
ors in Prospect Hill cemetery. He was 30 years of age. 

Lieutenant John F. Spangler, who had commanded Company 
A since June 23, was mortally wounded when the enemy made 
their last charge,and were coming in on the flank. The ball 
penetrated his breast, and taking a downward course, lodged 
in his stomach. In a weak condition, supposed to be dying, he 
was left on the battle field when the retreat was ordered. Late 
in the evening he was taken to a house and tenderly cared for 
by Mrs. Doffler, of Frederick, who afterward became the sec- 
ond wife of his father, Jacob Spangler, of Water street, York. 
Lieutenant Spangler died July 15. His father brought home 
his remains, which were buried in the Union cemetery, North 
Penn street, York, Pa. 1 Lieutenant Dietrich was mortally 
wounded when the enemy made the last charge. When last 
seen by his comrades he was still living. On the retreat he 
fell into the hands of the enemy, and died on the clay of the 
battle. His body was recovered the next day and buried at 
Frederick by Union soldiers. Sergeant Daniel L. Welsh, of 
Company G, was pierced by a ball that passed through his body 
near the heart just as the regiment began its retreat. Lieu- 
tenant Daniel, who commanded the company, reported that the 
last words he uttered were these: "Tell my friends at home that 
I died on the field of battle." Then pointing to the colors in 
froiiit of him, he continued, "and tell them I died while defend- 



188 — 

ing my country and that dear old flag." His comrades were 
then compelled to leave him on the field. His remains were 
buried the next day by Union cavalry. After the retreat down 
the Baltimore pike began, the 87th, together with the other 
regiments of the brigade, marched all night,arriving at Ellicotts' 
Mills, ten miles from Baltimore, and forty miles from the battle 
field, at 7 a. m. the next day. They were at first pursued by 
the enemy, and some of the men had very exciting experiences 
and miraculous escapes from capture. 

The 2d Brigade, under cover of the cavalry, brought up the 
rear, and halted for the night at New Market, twelve miles from 
Monocacy. Here the 67th Pennsylvania, 6th Maryland and 
I22d Ohio, which regiments did not reach Monocacy, joined 
the 2d Brigade, and served a good purpose in covering the re- 
treat. Many of the wounded during the battle were taken to 
Monrovia, a short distance from the battle field, and from there 
conveyed in cars to Baltimore. 

The 87th Regiment, having lost 104 men in front of Peters- 
burg, and 74 men in the battle of Monocacy, was greatly reduced 
in numbers. Some had fallen behind on the long and weary 
march, after the day's hard fighting. Not quite 200 men an- 
swered to the roll call at Ellicott's Mills, at noon of July 10. 
Lieutenant Daniel, of Company G, had remained behind with 
some of his wounded men. 

Colonel Stahle appointed Lieutenant Stroman, of Company 
B, adjutant. The regiment was almost without rations, but 
patriotic women of Ellicotts' Mills and vicinity, brought an 
abundant supply of the best provisions the country round about 
could furnish. In the afternoon of the 10th the brigade com- 
missary came up from Baltimore, and furnished the boys with 
rations for two days. 

Sadness and gloom pervaded the town of York when the news 
of the casualties in the 87th Regiment reached there. For two 
days flags were at half mast. A number of citizens went to 
Frederick and Baltimore to look after the welfare of the wound- 
ed. They brought home those who could be removed. A few 



— i8g — 

days later a flag pole was erected in honor of the regiment, on 
South Water street,in the presence of a large assemblage of peo- 
ple. Patriotic speeches were made by Rev. Dr. Baum, of York, 
and by Lieutenant Colonel Maish, of the 130th Pennsylvania 
Regiment, who had been wounded at the battle of Antietam. 
"The Union Forever," was neatly worked on the flag which was 
unfurled from the top of the pole. This work was done by Miss 
Annie Zimmerman and other ladies of York, through whose 
efforts the flag was procured. 

General Wallace had intended to move on to Baltimore, but 
had received orders to halt at Ellicotts' Mills, and rally his 
forces to meet Early, if he moved toward Baltimore. Hear- 
ing that the main body of the enemy had gone toward Wash- 
ington, he began to send his troops to Baltimore, to be taken 
by rail to Washington. 

General Grant, in his "Personal Memoirs," makes this inter- 
esting reference to Monocacy. "The force under General Wal- 
lace was small in numbers to move against Early. The situa- 
tion in Washington was precarious. Wallace moved with com- 
mendable promtitude. and met the enemy at Monocacy. He 
could hardly have expected to gain a victory, but hoped to crip- 
ple and delay the enemy until Washington could be put in a 
state of preparation to meet Early. With Ricketts' Division 
at Monocacy on time, Wallace succeeded in stopping Early for 
the day on which the battle took place. 

"The next morning Early started on his march to the Capital 
of the Nation, arriving before it on the nth. Learning of the 
gravity of the situation I had ordered Meade to send the other 
two divisions of the 6th Corps to Washington for the relief of 
the city. The latter reached there the very day that Early 
arrived before it. The 19th Corps, under General Emory, ar- 
rived in Washington from Fortress Monroe about the same 
time. 

"Early made his reconnoissance with a view of attacking the 
city on the 12th ; but the next morning he found our intrench- 
ments fully manned. He commenced to retreat, with the 6th 



— 190 — 

Corps following. There is no telling how much this result was 
contributed to, by General Lew Wallace's leading at Monocacy, 
what might well have been considerd almost a forlorn hope. 
If Early had been but one day sooner, he might have entered 
the Capital, before the arrival of the forces I had sent there. 

''Whether the delay caused by the battle amounted to a day 
or not, General Wallace contributed on this occasion, a greater 
benefit to the cause than often falls to the lot of a commander of 
an equal force to render by means of victory." 

Colonel Schall was at York at the time of Early's raid. Al- 
though he had not fully recovered from the wound he received 
one month before at Cold Harbor, he organized the five com- 
panies of Home Guards at York, and a part of the hospital corps 
into a provisional regiment and went with it to Cockeysville. 
He arrived there soon after Johnson's raiders had left. When 
Early retreated to Virginia, Colonel Schall and his men returned 
to York. He soon afterward joined his regiment in the field. 
Corporal C. Z. Denues commanded the "Menges Guards," one 
of the companies that went to Cockeysville. 

The official reports of the battle of Monocacy show the follow- 
ing losses in the ist Brigade, under Colonel Truex: 7 officers 
and 74 men killed; 16 officers and 240 men wounded, 1 officer 
and 137 men captured or missing ; total 505 officers and men. 

The losses in the 2nd Brigade were 2 officers and 25 men 
killed; 15 officers and 248 men wounded; 3 officers and 274 men 
captured or missing; total 567 officers and men. 

The losses in the different detachments of the 8th Army Corps 
under General Tyler were as follows; 1 officer and 14 men killed; 
4 officers and 79 men wounded ; 7 officers and 1 16 men captured 
or missing; total 221 officers and men. Many of the wounded 
were taken care of in the hospital at Frederick. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



CAMPAIGN UNDER SHERIDAN CHARLESTOWN OPEQUON 

fisher's HILL. 

The 87th Regiment moved by rail from Ellicott's Mills to 
.Baltimore, on the evening of July 11, and encamped near 
the station. The city was in a state of alarm. Great excite- 
ment prevailed on account of the destruction of the railroad 
bridg-es in the vicinity by the Confederate cavalry. While the 
battle of Monocacy was going on, Early had sent a brigade of 
cavalry under General Bradley Johnson, on a raid from Fred- 
erick toward Baltimore. Taking the Liberty Road, he suc- 
ceeded in reaching Cockeysville and destroyed the Northern 
Central Railroad bridges in that vicinity. In the meantime 
Johnson detached the Maryland Battalion, under Major Harry 
Gilmore who passed along the eastern boundaries of Baltimore 
and destroyed bridges, two miles in length, over the Gunpowder 
River, belonging to the Philadelphia and Baltimore Railroad. 
He also halted and robbed two passenger trains on their way to 
Philadelphia. General Franklin, a native of York, was a pas- 
senger on one of these trains. He was taken prisoner, but a 
few days later, escaped from the guard at Reisterstown, Mary- 
land. 

On the morning ot July 12 the 87th moved to Druid Hill 
Park, where it remained in camp with the division. At 10 a. m. 
of the 14th, the regiment with the other troops, took the cars 
for Washington. They ate supper at the Soldiers' Rest in that 
city, and halted for the night near the railroad station. Lieu- 
tenant Daniel, of Company G, and a number of men arrived 
from Monocacy the next morning. 



— 193 — 

July. 15 was a warm day. After taking breakfast the division 
marched up Pennsylvania Ayenue, passing the United States 
Treasury which their valor at Monocacy had saved from the 
Confederate raiders. Moving around the curve of the avenue 
the White House came in full view. Standing by a window, 
President Lincoln watched the moving 'column of veterans who 
marched on through Georgetown and Tenallytown, to Pooles- 
ville, Maryland, where they encamped for the night. 

The 19th Corps and the 1st and 2d Divisions of the 6th 
Corps were at Poolesville. Their arrival at Washington in time 
to meet Early at the northern approaches of the city, had caused 
the latter to retreat across the Potomac,, and move toward the 
Shenandoah Valley. 

Ricketts' Division moved at 5 a. m. along the banks of the 
Potomac to Edwards' Ferry, where they forded the stream. It 
was waist deep. The weather was intensely hot, and the men 
enjoyed going into the water. The march was continued on 
through Leesburg, Virginia. At 4 p. m. of the following day, 
the division joined the other two divisions of the corps and the 
19th Corps. 

General Wright was now put in command of the deoartment 
for the defense of Washington. General Ricketts was placed 
in charge of the 6th Corps, and Colonel Emerson of the 151st 
New York, succeeded Truex in command of the 1st Brigade. 
The two corps moved on to Snicker's Gap, where part of 
Hunter's forces joined them. Early was on the opposite side 
of the Shenandoah River. A sharp fight took place at the gap 
on July 18, after which the enemy fell back. 

On July 20 the 87th passed through the gap, crossed over the 
river and was placed on the picket line. 

General Early was reported to be moving rapidly up the Val- 
ley. Wright, in pursuance of his orders, finding that Early 
was beyond Hunter's forces and apparently about to go back 
to Lee at Petersburg, returned with the 6th and 19th Corps to 
Washington, expecting to take transports and join Grant at 
Petersburg. They moved back over the same route travelled 



— 194 — 

before. It was now discovered that Early was still in the She- 
nandoah Valley, and the 6th Corps rested for two days at Ten- 
allytown. 

Chaplain Eberhart had the chapel tent erected, and conducted 
religious services in it on Sunday, July 24. The paymaster ar- 
rived on the same day. Greenbacks were plentiful in camp the 
next day. There were many applications for passes to go into 
the city, but few were granted. Some of the boys were permit- 
ted to go and view the fortifications around Washington. 

Colonel Schall returned, to the regiment on July 25. Captain 
Ellinger, who had been leader of the regimental band for fifteen 
months, resigned, and was succeeded by Mathias Selak, of 
York. 

Early, learning of the withdrawal of Wright's forces, turned 
suddenly on Hunter and defeated him at Kernstown, July 21, 
when Colonel Mulligan, commander of the Irish Brigade, was 
killed. 

Early on July 26 reveille was sounded. The Heavy Artillery 
Regiment remained behind the fortifications, at Washington. 
The 6th Corps under Ricketts, moved to Rockville, 
Maryland. The next day they marched to Monocacy, where 
the entire force halted a few hours. After dinner the boys 
walked over the battlefield where they had struggled so hard 
on July 9. Some of them went to the cemetery, where their 
fallen comrades had been buried. 

"On Fame's eternal camping ground, 

Their silent tents are spread, 
And Glory guards with solemn round, 
This bivouac of the dead." 
In the afternoon the march was continued through Frederick 
to Jefferson, where they went into bivouac at 11 p. m. The 
next day they crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry and 
reached Halltown, West Virginia, after a march of 18 miles. 

During the night couriers brought the news into camp that 
McCausland, with nearly 3000 Confederate cavalry, had crossed 
the Potomac at Shepherdstown, reached Chambersburg and 



— 195 — 

burned two-thirds of that town. The 6th Corps began a hasty 
movement toward Frederick City. The 87th Regiment with 
tfre 1st Brigade, brought up the rear and guarded the wagon 
trains till they crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry, and then 
proceeded to Jefferson, joining the corps two miles west of 
Frederick where they bivouacked. 

The weather was intensely hot and dry. On the march many 
of the men succumbed to the heat. Lieutenant Strickler, of 
Company E, was taken sick and sent to the hospital at Fred- 
erick. July 31 Colonel Schall reported 17 commissioned offi- 
cers and 337 men of the regiment present for duty. Of this 
number 79 men were on extra duty. There were 12 officers on 
the sick list and recovering from wounds, and 10 prisoners of 
war. There were 230 men sick and wounded in hospitals, and 
112 in Southern prisons. A few days later about 100 men re- 
turned to the regiment from hospitals. 

August 1 Chaplain Eberhart reported that he had held four 
services in July, during which month the regiment had moved 
400 miles by water and on the railroad and had marched 300 
miles. August 3, the regiment moved six miles eastward near 
to Buckeystown, and remained there two days. A number of 
friends from York and Gettysburg visited the boys at this 
place including Major Buehler. 

A number of changes were now to be made in the army. Gen- 
eral Grant left his headquarters at City Point, near Petersburg, 
Virginia, and came to Monocacy, where he held a conference 
with General Hunter, then commanding the Middle Depart- 
ment. He decided to combine the Department of Washing- 
ton, West Virginia and the Susquehanna with the Middle Divi- 
sion, and place General Sheridan in command of it. Hunter 
approved of the plan and Grant telegraphed Sheridan to come 
to Monocacy, waiting there till he arrived. 

On August 7, Sheridan took command at Harpers Ferry. 
Grant returned to City Point by way of Washington City. Two 
divisions of cavalry, under Wilson and Torbert, joined Sheri- 
dan's forces August 11. With these and the 6th and parts of 



— 196 — 

the 8th and the 19th Corps, in all about 30,000 men, Sheridan 
began his brilliant campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. 

General Wright again assumed command of the 6th Corps, 
and Ricketts of the 3d Division. 

A few days later, Colonel Schall, owing to the removal of 
Colonel Truex, was assigned to command the 1st Brigade, and 
Lieutenant Colonel Stahle succeeded in command o { the regi- 
ment. 

The 87th with the 6th Corps, left Frederick by rail for Har- 
per's Ferry. While passing Monocacy Junction the boys saw 
Generals Grant, Sheridan and Hunter in conference. They 
.gave three tremendous cheers, in response to which General 
Grant quietly lifted his hat and bowed, while Sheridan waived 
his hat. The regiment in the evening went into bivouac near 
Halltown, and remained there till the morning of August 10. 
On that day Ricketts' Division led the march of the infantry 
through Charlestown to Berryville. 

A general movement up the Valley was planned by Sheridan. 
On the nth they marched 15 miles to Front Royal, and on the 
12th moved through Winchester to Middletown. During the 
night they lay in line of battle, facing the enemy. 

The following morning the march was continued to Strasburg. 
The troops halted in a woods. Early was lying behind in- 
trenchments at Fisher's Hill. 

General Grant having heard that Lee in front of Petersburg 
had sent two large divisions of infantry, some cavalry and 20 
pieces of artillery to re-enforce Early, dispatched this informa- 
tion to Washington. A courier was sent in haste from that city 
to Sheridan, reaching him just about the time he was preparing 
for a general attack on the enemy. 

Orders were now issued for all the Federal troops to fall back. 
They returned through Middletown, being closely followed by 
•the Confederates, and frequently engaged them in some sharp 
skirmishing. 

The 87th Regiment encamped in a woods two miles from 
Charlestown on the night of August 18. The entire army and 



— i97 — 

the wagon trains arrived at this place on the 19th. The regi- 
ment remained in camp. The men were very tired, after the 
continuous march of two days and one night, through mud and 
rain, without rations. Twenty boys of the regiment had taken 
a wagon and had gone out foraging. They got a fine supply 
of green corn, which they roasted and supplied the ears to their 
comrades on the march down the Valley. • 

Colonel Schall was corps officer of the day on the 19th. The 
next day Colonel Emerson arrived and succeeded him in com- 
mand of the brigade. 

Major Ruhl, who had been taken sick in Washington July 26, 
arrived in camp for duty. 

August 21, after brigade inspection, the enemy made an unex- 
pected attack upon our forces at 10 a. m. The 6th and 19th 
Corps were drawn up in line of battle with the 3d Division on 
the left. The musketry fire became very lively, by noon, and 
continued at intervals all day. The heaviest losses, in this en- 
gagement, were in the 19th Corps and the 2d Division of the 
6th Corps. 

The 87th Regiment, early in the fight, was sent out on the 
skirmish line along the Smithfield Road and did some very ef- 
fective work, continuing in the fight until dark. 

Private James C. Waltemeyer of Company C was killed; Ser- 
geant Henry Eppley of Company B was wounded in the neck, 
and Amos Innerst of Company D in the left arm. A few others 
received slight wounds. 

The regiment remained in line until 3 a. m. of the 22d, and 
then fell back to Halltown 5 miles from the battle ground. The 
enemy now made a dash forward to capture the wagon train be- 
longing to the Federal cavalry. A snarp fight ensued, and the 
Confederates were driven back. 

Expecting a general attack a Federal battle line, extending 
across the entire valley, was formed. At dusk all went into 
bivouac. 

At 1 a. m. of the 23d orders came to pack up and be ready 
to march at any minute. The 8th and the 19th Corps to the 



— igS — 

left were, engaged: hi a sharp skirmish, continuing tilh noon. It 
was followed by heavy artillery firing. 

The 87th at 2 . p. m. was again in line of battle, but two hours 
later began to put up their shelter tents and throw up breast- 
works. ;.. IJzi ; _ \... "i ."/; . _ ;■ ::. . . . ... .: ip? : & 

A larg'e number of convalescents came to the regiment on this 
day from the hospitals. Some of them were men who had been 
wounded . in the" Wilderness, at Spottsylvania and at Cold Har- 
bor and the Weldon Railroad. Some recruits also arrived. 

Reveille was beat at 3 a. m. on the 24th, and all troops were 
aroused to prepare for an attack, but it proved to be only a 
skirmish, which continued a short time. Early's entire army 
was in the immediate front. 

At 4 p. m. Captain Day inspected the 1st Brigade. General 
Averill held the fords of the Potomac. There were no Confed- 
erates in Maryland. 

Regimental and brigade teamsters arrived on this day from 
Petersburg. 

August 25, one hundred men of the regiment were sent for- 
ward to throw up breastworks. Revielle was again beat early 
in the morning. An engagement was expected every day and 
preparations were continually being made for it. There was 
skirmishing all day on picket lines. The cavalry started at 4 
a. m. on a reconnoissance and returned at 5 p. m. They went 
toward Martinsburg, where they came in contact with a large 
force of the enemy. 

During the day the entire regiment was detailed to intrench 
and worked nearly all the succeeding night, part of the time in 
a heavy thunder storm. 

The following day was quiet and peaceful, with no indications 
of a battle. - 

On August 28, the division moved two miles forward to sup- 
port the cavalry and halted in a large woods. The enemy had 
fallen back, and were pursued by our cavalry. The division 
then returned to its old position near C.harlestown, still in the 
front of the army. 




> 



— 199 — 

The next day it moved forward again to support the cavalry 
which had met the enemy near Winchester and was driven back 
to within three miles of the Union camp. At 4 p. m. the divi- 
sion was again in line of battle. The '87th moved forward as 
skirmishers, and assisted the cavalry in driving the Confeder- 
ates back three miles. Firing ceased at sunset. Troops fell 
back, but lay in line of battle all night. 

August 30 our cavalry again dashed) up the Valley toward 
Winchester, which was now Early's headquarters. Ricketts' 
Division was three miles in advance of the balance of the in- 
fantry, belonging to Sheridan's forces. On the last day of Au- 
gust the regiment was paid for two months. Major Ruhl, who 
had become disabled on account of sickness received his dis- 
charge on surgeon's certificate and returned home. Captain 
Laniiis, having recovered from a wound received at Monocacy, 
returned to the regiment and took command of Company I. 

The nights were beginning to get cool, and the men began 
to lay around the camp fires, September 2 Ricketts moved 
back to the camp, situated near Charlestown, and took position 
to the right of the line in a dense woods. There was plenty of 
shade at this place, but water was scarce. On this day 160 re- 
cruits came to the regiment. The news of the capture of At- 
lanta, Georgia, by Sherman's army, caused great rejoicing in 
camp. 

At 7 a. m. Saturday, September 3, the entire army around 
Charlestown moved seven miles toward Berryville. Ricketts' 
Division halted for dinner, near Clifton Heights, and at 1 p. m. 
went forward one mile, and formed in line of battle. The cav- 
alry advanced and engaged the enemy near Winchester, captur- 
ing some prisoners. The next day the infantry remained in po- 
sition. A detail of 150 men from the 87th went out on picket 
and the rest put up defensive works. At midnight the 2nd Di- 
vision of 6th Corps came to the support of Ricketts. At 3 a. m. 
all troops were ordered behind intrenchments. A general at- 
tack was expected. The 87th boys worked all night at earth- 
works. The enemy did not come. They left the Union front 



— 200 — 



and took position up the Valley, beyond Opequon Creek, where 
Early decided to dispute Sheridan's advance. 

The news that a train of 40 of our ambulance wagons had 




been captured near Martinsburg, caused a movement of the 8th 
Corps in that direction, after Mosby's men. 

At 8 p. m. a number of signal rockets were fired. They went 
high up in the heavens, sending forth lights of many colors. It 



201 

was the most brilliant display yet seen in this department of the 
army. 

On September 9, after a detail of the regiment had gone on 
picket duty the camp was moved to a woods nearby, where tents 
were put up. A new recruit of Company I was drummed 
through the entire division encampment to the tune of "The 
Rogue's March." He had been found guilty of stealing. 

Ardent spirits flowed more freely on this day, than any time 
since the regiment was in the service. The boys had attacked 
the sutler's tent, and captured some beer and whiskey. Rain 
had been falling in heavy showers for several days. The men 
had only shelter tents. Some of these were used by the men to 
cover themselves. The nights were cool, and as heavy blankets 
had not yet been supplied, some of the soldiers complained of a 
lack of interest and attention on the part of the authorities. 

At a regimental drill the bayonet exercise was performed by 
the 87th, in a way that attracted much attention in camp, and 
astonished the recruits who had lately arrived. On the nth 
our cavalry routed the Confederate horsemen at Bunker Hill, 
and captured part of their wagon train. 

Early now began to intrench himself along the Opequon 
Creek, seven miles to the front. Rain continued to fall, making 
camp life very uncomfortable. The recruits began to desert. 

On September 12 the 3d Division drew three days' rations. 

On the 13th, the 2d Division went forward to support the cav- 
alry. Another dreary day of rain followed. One heavy shower 
after another fell. The water came through the shelter tents. 
The men were compelled to sleep in the wet. In the midst of 
all this inclement weather the cavalry and the 2d Division had 
a sharp skirmish with the enemy near the Opequon Creek. Sep- 
tember 16 dawned bright and clear. The rainy season had 
ended. At 9 a. mi. the 87th marched to an elevation, a sort of 
Mount Ararat, and went through the regimental drills. Many 
of the men had received new suits. The regiment went through 
the bayonet exercise and the Zouave drill with fine effect. Gen- 
eral Ricketts, Colonel Emerson, and other officers were specta- 



202 

tors. There were a number of promotions made in the regi- 
ment about this time. The record of them will be found in the 
muster roll at the end of this volume. 

Sheridan had been in command of the Middle Military Divi- 




A WET DAY ON PICKET. 



sion nearly six weeks, and during that time was successful in all 
his manoeuvering with the enemy. His forces were well train- 
ed and well equipped, and they were under good discipline. He 
had arranged plans for a vigorous attack on Early and thus pre- 



— 203 — 

-vent any more Confederate invasions into Maryland and Penn- 
sylvania. 

General Grant left his headquarters near Petersburg, arriving 
on September 16 at Charlestown, West Virginia, where he met 
Sheridan. He had in his pocket, prepared in writing, a plan of 
operations in the Valley. This he says in his official report, "I 
never withdrew from my pocket, for, after a conference with 
General Sheridan, I found that only two words of instruction 
were necessary. They were 'Go in.' " This order was given 
and Sheridan went in. He had his entire army orovided with 
three days' rations on the 18th, and ordered a thorough inspec- 
tion of all the different commands. 

At daylight of September 19, he put his entire army in motion 
in the direction of the enemy. The Confederates were in posi- 
tion as follows: Ramseur's Division lay across the Berryville 
pike, two miles east of Winchester. Wharton's Division, un- 
der Breckenridge, was at Stevenson's Station. Rodes' Divi 
sion was near there, and Gordon's was at Bunker Hill. The 
•cavalry of Lomax, Jackson and Johnson was on the right of 
Ramseur, while to the left and rear of the enemy's general line, 
Fitz Hugh Lee's cavalry covered the space from Stevenson's 
Station to Apple-pie Ridge. 

Sheridan's plan of attack was for Torbert to advance with Mer- 
ritt's Division of cavalry from Summit Point, carry the cross- 
ings of the Opequon Creek, at Steven's and Lock's fords, and 
form a junction, near Stevenson's Station, with Averill, who was 
to move south from Darksville, by the Valley pike. Mean- 
while, Wilson, with his cavalry, was to move up the Berryville 
pike, carry the crossing of the Opequon, charge through a ra- 
vine, and occupy the open ground at the head of this defile. 

Wilson's attack was to be supported by the 6th and 19th corps, 
and as the cavalry gained the open ground beyond the ravine, 
the infantry corps just mentioned, were expected to press on 
through the ravine, and occupy Wilson's ground, who was then 
to cover the left. Crook's two divisions of the 8th corps were 
to follow the 6th and 19th corps to the Opequon Creek. 



— 204 — 

The position Early held was naturally strong, and had been 
thoroughly fortified. Sheridan's forces had to approach their 
antagonists, through the above mentioned ravine three miles in 
length, shut in by steep, thickly wooded hills, and then form in 
line in an undulating valley in front of the enemy. At sunrise,, 
the cavalry began to drive the Confederates back to their works. 
The 6th Corps began to emerge from the ravine at 10 a. m., 
Ricketts' Division was in the lead. The 87th Regiment was 
formed in the second line. But it was 1 1 130 a. m. before a large 
part of the troops had passed through the ravine and were ready 
to advance. 

"The troops were then arranged," says General Sheridan, "in 
the following order: Getty's Division of the 6th Corps, to the 
left of the Berryville pike. Ricketts' Division to the right of the 
pike, and Russell's Division to the rear of the other two. Grov- 
er's Division of the 19th Corps came next, on the right of 
Ricketts, with Dwight's Division to its rear in reserve, while 
Crook with his division of the 8th Corps was massing near the 
Opequon crossing. 

"Just before noon the line of Getty, Ricketts and Grover 
moved forward. The Confederates opening fire along their 
whole front and the battle raged with the greatest fury. The 
advance was pressed in a resolute manner, and the resistance 
by the enemy being equally determined, and both sides, fight- 
ing without cover, the casualties were very great. Getty and 
Ricketts, in connection with Wilson's cavalry forced Ramseur's 
and Rode's Divisions steadily toward Winchester, while Grover 
broke up Evan's Brigade of Gordon's Division. But his pur- 
suit of Evans increased an interval that had already been made 
by. the deflection of Ricketts to the left, in obedience to instruc- 
tions, that had been given him to guide his division on the Ber- 
ryville pike. As the line pressed forward Ricketts observed 
this widening interval, and endeavored to fill it with the small 
brigade of Colonel Keifer. At this time, the Confederate artil- 
lery opened with canister at short range, doing fearful execu- 
tion. This was followed dv the divisions of Gordon and Rodes 



V 




206 

making a charge upon the weak spot, where the right of the 6th 
Corps and the left of the 19th should have been in conjunction. 
This resulted in checking the advance by driving back, part of 
Ricketts' Division and the most of Grover's." 

Sheridan now ordered Russell's Division, which had been in 
reserve, to be put into action. Upton's Brigade, of this divi- 
sion, led in person by both Russel and Upton, charged forward 
so vigorously as to drive the Confederates back to their origi- 
nal position. This charge of Russell was most opportune, but 
it cost many men in killed and wounded. Among the latter 
was the courageous Russell himself, who was killed by a piece 
of shell that passed through his heart. The 6th Corps lost an 
able soldier. 

A lull in the battle now followed. Sheridan improved this 
time in re-establishing the right of his line, some distance in 
advance of the position from which he had started in the fore- 
noon. Behind Russell's Division, now commanded by Upton 
the broken regiments of Ricketts' Division rallied. Dwieht's 
Division was taken up on the right and Grover's command 
formed behind it. 

The commanding general now determined to put still greater 
force and vigor into the contest. His preponderance of cavalry 
enabled him to extend far beyond, and overlap the Confederate 
left. After more fighting between the infantry, a general ad- 
vance was made at 4 p. m. by the whole Union line. Torbert's 
cavalry made an impetuous charge, and carried the fortified 
heights on the Confederate left. The enemy, being pressed by 
the infantry and by Wilson's cavalry on their right, broke in 
confusion. Early tried to stem the tide, but his troops retreat- 
ed through Winchester with part of the Union forces in hot 
pursuit. General Sheridan had carried the entire position 
from the Opequon Creek to Winchester, capturing 2500 pris- 
oners, five pieces of artillery and nine battle flags. It was the 
most brilliant victory ever gained in the Shenandoah Valley. 

The Confederate loss in killed and wounded was 4000. They 
were left behind and fell into the hands of the Union troops. 



— 207 — 

Among the killed was Major General Rodes, one of the ablest 
soldiers in the Southern army. General Fitz Hugh Lee, who 
commanded the Confederate cavalry, was wounded. 

The Union loss in this battle was heavy, numbering 658 in 
killed and 3759 wounded. The casualties in the 6th Corps ag- 
gregated 211 killed and 1424 wounded. The town of Winches- 
ter became one vast hospital for the wounded of both armies. 

In this battle, one of the hardest in which the 87th Regiment 
participated, it lost 50 men in killed and wounded. During the 
fight Jonathan J. Keesey, the color sergeant, was wounded. 
When the flag fell it was picked up by Captain Cross of Com- 
pany C, who asked for a volunteer to carry it. Daniel P. Reigle 
of Company E stepped forward as if on dress parade, grasped 
the banner, and bore it, not only during the remainder of this 
engagement, but was color sergeant until the end of the war. 

There is no official record of the casualties in this engage- 
ment. The names of the killed as far as they could be ascertain- 
ed are as follows: 

Company B. — Corporal Daniel W. Keiter, Privates Joseph 
C. Hann and Jacob Karstellar. 

Company C. — James H. Weakley. 

Company D. — Private William H. Douglass. 

Company G. — Privates John L. Kunkle, Sylvester Golding, 
William Wagner, Owen Bishop. 

Among the wounded were Lieutenant James Tearny and Pri- 
vate John Oxenrider, of Company B. Privates William and 
Henry Miller, of Company E. There were several wounded in 
Company G. Sergeant Isaac Wagner was struck by a shell in 
the right arm, Privates Benedict Myers in the leg, George Swetz- 
er in the ankle, Calvin Stahl in the side, John Snyder, the right 
arm. Joseph Fox, of this company, a resident of Cedarville, 
Illinois, since the war had the one side of his blouse torn off" 
by a piece of shell which after passing him severed the right 
arm of his Comrade John Snyder,, standing near him. Another 
piece of shell tore away part of his shoe sole. Corp. Fox was 
stunned by a minie ball in the fight along the Weldon railroad 



— 208 — 

June 23, 1864. William Hampton was stunned and rendered 
unconscious, for a short time, by the bursting of a shell. He 
had been hit in the leg by a minie ball at Cold Harbor. Jona- 
than S. May, of Company D, received a slight wound at Ope- 
quon,. and at Locust Grove in November, 1863. 

Corporal Eli Ream, of Company C, and Jacob Ruth, of Com- 
pany G, were among the wounded. 

The 6th Corps after the battle moved to the pike south of 
Winchester, but as it had been a hard and long day of march- 
and fighting, the infantry made no further attempt to pursue 
the fleeing enemy. The cavalry followed them up the pike to 
Kernstown. 

When General Sheridan, with his corps commanders, Gen- 
erals Wright, Emory and Crook, rode in front of the Union 
lines around Winchester in the evening after the battle, the 
troops became overjoyed with the success of the day, and the 
enthusiasm became unbounded. 

Elated with his victory, Sheridan went to the school room 
of Miss Wright, in Winchester, and wrote this dispatch to Gen- 
eral Grant and to the authorities at Washington: "We have 
just sent the enemy whirling through Winchester, and we are 
after them tomorrow. This army behaved splendidly." 

Congratulations from all sides poured in upon the command- 
er-in-chief of this army. President Lincoln wrote the following: 
''Have just heard of your great victory. God bless you all, 
officers and men." 

In his "Personal Memoirs" General Grant says, "Sheridan 
won a most decisive victory which electrified the whole coun- 
try. I congratulated him, and had a salute of 100 guns fired 
in honor of it, the guns being aimed at the enemy's forts around 
Petersburg. I notified the other commands who also fired a 
salute in honor of this victory/' 

The battle of the Opequon was accepted as a vindication of 
Sheridan's views and policy. The confidence with which he 
that day inspired his troops proved invaluable in the subsequent 
stages of the campaign. 



) 



— 209 — 

The army began to move at daylight of September 20, The 
6th Corps was on the left. The 87th moved with the 1st Bri- 
gade, except a detachment of the regiment which remained in 
Winchester one day longer for provost duty. During the after- 
noon of the 20th, Wright and Emory with their corps arrived 
at Cedar Creek, and crossing it went into position on the 
heights fronting Strasburg. 

The 6th Corps was now on the right, the 19th on the left and 
the 8th Corps, when it came up, was halted on the left bank of 
Cedar Creek. By evening the Union pickets occupied the 
northern part of Strasburg, and the Confederate pickets the 
southern. 

At daylight of September 21, Sheridan with his staff rode 
from one end of the Union picket line to the other, noting the 
ground and the enemy's position. Then with General Wright 
he reconnoitered the right flank. General Wright then sent two : 
regiments from Ricketts' Division and one from Getty's to seize 
a high point confronting the enemy's main position. But Early, 
knowing the value of this point, sent forward a considerable 
force which repulsed the Union lines. More troops of War- 
ner's Brigade of the 2d Division were added, and the position 
was gallantly carried. 

From that time till sundown, the axes of the pioneers opened 
the way for planting the artillery on the elevation already se- 
cured. Early, all this time, was strengthening his fortified po- 
sition. Sheridan now resolved to repeat the tactics which he 
displayed at Opequon, by again turning the Confederate left 
flank with the 8th Corps under Crook and prepared to move 
Torbert's cavalry past Early's right flank. During the night 
that followed the 6th Corps continued to hold the valuable line 
already gained and which confronted the enemy. At day- 
break of September 22, the 19th Corps was moved to the right 
and in front of its first position, occupying the ground held the 
day before by the 6th Corps, connecting its right with that 
corps. Sheridan found the enemy's right was impregnable, and 
he planned to turn their left flank by moving the two corps well 

13 



2IO 

at0 rthe x Xght, but still preparing to connect with the 8th Corps 
when it should re-appear on the scene. 

About 1 130 p. m. Ricketts' Division on the right took a desir- 
able position, moving still farther to the front and with the aid 
of three rifle batteries, drove the Confederate skirmish line back 
in confusion. Averill then came up on the right of Ricketts. 
The 2d Division of the 6th Corps was moved to the right and 

.front, connecting with Ricketts. The ist Division connected 
with the 2d Division. 

Early's forces, behind the trenches on Fisher's Hill, were 

-now but half a mile from the ridge on which these Union troops 
were posted. 

''When I saw the divisions of Ricketts and Averill advance," 
says General Early, "I gave orders for my troops to retire after 
dark, as I knew my force was not strong enough to resist a 
determined assault." 

Meantime, Crook with the 8th Corps had moved with remark- 
able secrecy under the cover of woods till he had gained the 
enemy's left flank and rear. He then rushed across the inter- 
vening space and at sunset surprised the Confederates by enter- 
ing their intrenchments. 

Says a Confederate officer, "If the heavens had been opened 
and men were seen descending from the clouds, no greater con- 
sternation would have been created." Crook's men swept along 
the Confederate left flank and drove, before them, the dismount- 
* ed cavalry. A few minutes later, Ricketts joined his right to 
Crook's left. The remainder of the troops of Wright and 
Emory, now took up the charge. The 87th Regiment with the 
6th Corps descended into the ravine with a headlong rush, over 
fields, walls, rocks and fallen trees. They crossed Tumbling 
Run and soon scrambled up the heights, while Sheridan and his 
staff rode along the line shouting, "Forward! Forward every- 
thing!" The entire Confederate line broke from the trenches. 
"My whole force retired in confusion," says Early. 

Nathaniel Vooman, of Company B was killed, and Valentine 
Myers captured. 



David N. Thomas, of Company I, was the first man of the 
regiment to reach the enemy's breastworks in the charge at 
Fisher's Hill. 

Between sundown and dark, every portion of the strong posi- 
tion at Fisher's Hill was carried. The movement was so rapid 
that Early had not time to get his. guns out of position upon 
the pike. Sixteen of them were captured by the Union forces, 
eight of them, by Ricketts' Division. Early fled in great dis- 
order, under cover of the night, through Woodstock nearly to 
Edenburg. Sheridan's cavalry pushed after him to the lower 
passes of the Blue Ridge. 

The battle of Fisher's Hill was the last engagement in which 
the 87th Regiment participated. The three years' term of en- 
listment had expired. The following day, September 23, about 
250 men of the regiment prepared to return home. Before 
their departure General Ricketts, commanding the 3d Division, 
in which the 87th had served since March, 1864, presented 
Colonel Schall with a letter of commendation complimenting 
himself and his men for their valor and their achievements, and 
regretting their departure from his command. He also had 
the regiment drawn up in line and delivered an address to the 
officers and men before they left for home. 



CHAPTER XV. 



THE BATTALION — BATTLE OF CEDAR CREEK SENT TO ARMY OF THE 

POTOMAC SIEGE OF PETERSBURG END OF THE WAR. 



tenants Robert K. Slagle, George J. Chalfant, Ramsey Hanne- 
gan and William E. Culp. The last named was acting quarter- 
master. Some of the companies were commanded by a commis- 
sioned officer while others were commanded by a sergeant. 

Captain Ruhl and his men marched up the Valley with the 
corps and halted on the evening of the 23d at Edensburg. 

At sunrise, the next day, Sheridan's army moved in six col- 
umns to New Market, capturing a number of prisoners and 
wagons. They moved the following day to Harrisonburg. 
Early's forces having marched all night, had gotten some dis- 
tance ahead. The 6th Corps remained at Harrisonburg until 
September 29, when the march was continued to Mount Craw- 




CAPTAIN EDGAR M. RUHL 



After the departure of the regi- 
ment for home, on September 23, 
1864, at the expiration of their 
three years' term of service, Cap- 
tain Edgar M. Ruhl, the senior 
officer, was assigned to command 
the veterans, those who had en- 
listed after the organization of 
the regiment and the recruits, in 
all about 200 men. They were 
then with Ricketts' Division of 
the 6th Corps at Woodstock, 
Virginia. The other commission- 
ed officers present were: Lieu- 



— 213 — 

ford. Foraging parties were sent out and obtained chickens, 
sweet potatoes, apple butter and fresh pork. The corps fell 
back to Harrisonburg and went into camp. The cavalry had 
gone up the Valley as far as Staunton. 

In obedience to orders Sheridan now began to destroy the 
barns and stacks between Harrisonburg, and Staunton. The 
sky was lit up for several nights with these devastating fires. 
This fertile valley had been an important source of supply for 
the Southern army ever since the war had opened. By the 
order of the commander-in-chief of the armies, it was now to 
be laid waste by Sheridan's troops. So complete was the devas- 
tation of crops and barns, that "a crow could not fly over the 
valley without taking his rations with him," said Sheridan. 

October 6, the march was renewed southward through New 
Market, Sparta and Woodstock, reaching Strasburg on the 8th. 
The cavalry was then engaging the enemy at Fisher's Hill. 
October io, the 6th Corps fell back and went into camp near 
Front Royal, remaining two days. At Millwood Captain Ruhl's 
boys captured seven boxes of plug tobacco. They became 
noted as tobacco foragers. On the 14th they moved with the 
corps to Cedar Creek, formed in line of battle and went into 
camp on the right of the 8th Corps. 

"Little did we think," says Sergeant Major Thomas, "that be- 
fore day of October 19 we would be surprised by the enemy 
and engaged in a pitched battle with them. When the sudden 
attack was first made on the 8th Corps we were at once thrown 
in the front line on a knoll, and awaited the charge of the enemy. 
To our right was a battery of light artillery which began to belch 
forth grape and canister into the advancing foe. We had only 
a few minutes to wait until we discovered them coming in dou- 
ble line of battle with fixed bayonets. From the streaks of light 
coming through the eastern skies, aided by the flashes of the 
cannon, we were enabled to see and open fire upon the first 
line, coming up the hill. We poured heavy volleys into their 
unbroken line, which was temporarily checked. When their 
second line pushed forward, it was impossible for our single 



— 2I 4 - 

line to hold them longer in check. We stubbornly held our 
position for a time, but were eventually forced back by the over- 
powering numbers of the enemy. 

''It was at this point that our brave leader, Captain Edgar M. 
Ruhl, fell mortally wounded, Lieutenant Robert K. Slagle 
severely wounded in the hip, and Lieutenant Ramsey Hanne- 
gan in the arm. Leutenant George J. Chalfant was struck by a 
spent ball. 

"Although we had lost our commissioned officers, we rallied 




and, with other troops, charged forward to recapture the bat- 
tery to our left. But we were compelled to fall back, leaving 
our dead and wounded on the field." Sergeant Major Thomas 
being the highest non-commissioned officer present assumed 
command and reformed his men into line. 

The 6th Corps fell back a considerable distance toward New- 
town. General Sheridan had gone to Washington a few days 
before, and had just returned to Winchester a few hours before 
the battle of Cedar Creek opened. General Wright was in- 
command of all the forces in the valley during the temporary 
absence of the commander-in-chief. It was after the repulse at 



— 2i 5 — 

Cedar Creek and the sudden retreat that occurred the famous 
incident of "Sheridan's Ride." It can be said in justice to the 
6th Corps, in reference to this battle, that General Wright had 
already given Early a successful check, and had made the dispo- 
sitions of his troops for a counter advance, and was about to 
move forward when Sheridan came galloping- up from Win- 
chester and assumed command. 

The battalion participated in the advance of the entire army, 
after the arrival of Sheridan, and assisted in driving the enemy 
from a stone wall in their front and with the other forces "Tent- 
ed on the Old Camp Ground" at Cedar Creek that night. The 
Confederates under General Early were completely routed and 
his army demoralized. The body of Captain Ruhl was recov- 
ered and given a temporary burial, but was afterward removed 
to Shrewsbury, Pa. The wounded were now tenderly cared for. 
The battalion lost in the battle of Cedar Creek, in killed and 
wounded and missing nearly fifteen per cent of its number. 
The following is the list of casualties: 

The killed were Captain Ruhl, Private Abraham Rhodes of 
Company A, Corporal Jacob H. Grove, of Company F, and 
Private Augustus Kauffman of Company G. 

The wounded were Lieutenants Robert K. Slagle and Ramsay 
Hannegan. 

Company A. — David Hoke, Joseph McClintock, George 
Noel, Simon Richey, Jacob F. Ziegler. 

Company B. — George Fletcher, Adam Renninger, George 
Hann, Samuel Payler. 

Company E. — William Ilgenfritz, Robert Waters. 

Company G. — Jerome Herr, Jacob H. Miller, Jonn W. Et- 
tinger, Allen McGee. 

Company H. — Jefferson Martin, Henry Noel, Henry Com- 
fort, Henry Shaffer. 

Company K. — Michael Kessler, Joseph Hare, William Mor- 
gan, Jackson Hunter. 

For a short time Captain Saulsbury of the ioth Vermont 
Regiment, was in command of the battalion. October 22, 1864, 



2l6 



Colonel J. W. Keifer, who succeeded temporarily in command 
of the 3d Division after General Ricketts was wounded at Cedar 
Creek, issued a circular which he ordered to be read at dress 
parade. This circular contained the following: "I take pleas- 
ure in announcing that Corporal Daniel P. Reigle of the 87th 
Pennsylvania Volunteers has been ordered by General Sheridan 
to report at Washington, D. C, for the purpose of having pre- 
sented to him by the President of the United States, a medal 




of honor for marked bravery displayed on the battlefield on the 
evening of October 19, at Cedar Creek, near Middletown, Vir- 
ginia, and for gallantly rushing forward through a terrific fire 
and capturing a Confederate flag at the stone fence where the 
enemy's last stand was made. Corporal Reigle will also be 
given for these exhibitions of noble daring a furlough of thirty- 
five days to enable him to visit his home." 

Corporal Henry Shultz, who belonged to the color guard, 
carried the flag while Sergeant Reigle was home on a furlough. 



— 217 — 

Soon after the battle of Cedar Creek Lieutenant James Tear- 
ney, who had been wounded at Opequon, returned. About the 
same time Lieutenants William C. YYaldman, Z. E. Hersh and 
Peter Nickle came back from sick leave. -During the latter part 
of October Lieutenant Tearney, assisted by Surgeon Theodore 
Helwig and the other officers consolidated the re-enlisted men 
and recruits into a battalion of five companies. Lieutenant 
Tearney, being the senior officer, assumed command. In this 
re-organization the men of Company K were transferred to A, 
Company I to B. Companv H to C. Company G to D, Company 
F to E. 

On November i. Major X. G. Ruhl arrived in camp and ob- 
tained the remains of his son, which were removed to Shrews- 
bury, Pennsylvania, and buried there with military honors. 

The- election for President was held in the tent of Sergeant 
Major Thomas on November 8. The polls were kept open five 
hours. The judges were Joseph F. Welsh, B. J. Flick and 
William McGonigal, Lieutenant Chalfant and Corporal 
Streater acted as clerks. The election resulted in 74 votes for 
Lincoln and 11 for McClellan. The next day the battalion 
moved with the corps toward Winchester. On November it, 
after a slight skirmish with the enemy, the battalion assisted in 
throwing up earthworks and in erecting a fort, which was 
named in honor of their division commander. General Ricketts, 
who had been seriously wounded at Cedar Creek. 

November 1, the battalion, with the 1st Brigade, was reviewed 
"by General Truman Seymour who had succeeded Ricketts in 
command of the 3d Division. On the 16th, Colonel Emerson, 
commanding- 1st Brigade, reviewed the battalion. On the 21st, 
General Sheridan reviewed the 6th Corps in the rain. On 
November 23. the boys received, from friends at home, twenty- 
six fine turkeys for Thanksgiving. Soon after the bountiful 
dinner of turkey was eaten, a detail of 85 men was sent out to 
engage in hard physical exercise, in throwing up breastworks. 
December 3rd, Seymour's Division received orders that the 6th 
Corps was to be transferred to the Army of the Potomac, then 



— 2l8 — 

lying behind intrenchments in front of Petersburg. The 3d 
Division arrived in Washington city the following day and em- 
barked on the transport Utica for City Point. On December 
6, they went by cars to Meade's Station, and marched to the 
camp of the 5th Corps, relieving its 2d Division the following 
day. On the 10th, Seymour took position on the left of the 
2d Corps. 

December 13, Lieutenant Tearney, commanding the battalion, 
was commissioned captain, and on that day went with Lieuten- 
ant Chalfant to visit the camp of the 200th Pennsylvania Regi- 
ment which had many soldiers from York county. December 
16, the boys witnessed the shooting of three deserters at the 
headquarters of the 2d Corps. Quartermaster Culp with bag- 
gage and tents arrived from the Shenandoah Valley on the 28th r 
and the battalion went into winter quarters near Petersburg. 
On the last day of the year a Confederate force charged the 
LTnion picket line, but was repulsed. 

The month of January, 1865, opened with a cold day. The 
wood for fuel, to the rear of the Union Army, became scarce. 
The men were compelled to get wood from timber lands lying 
between the opposing armies. To accomplish this a truce was 
ordered, and squads of men of both armies marched toward 
each other, with axes to cut down the timber. When the 
"Yanks" and "Johnnies" met they shook hands, exchanged 
articles and questioned one another about the war. Then they 
all went to work cutting up the trees. After dividing the wood 
they carried it back to their respective lines. These soldiers 
were friends for a few hours, but enemies as soon as the truce 
had ended and they got behind their trenches. During the 
month of January frequent details of 100 men or more were sent 
out from the battalion on picket duty, fatigue duty and to 
strengthen the fortifications. February 10, 3 officers and 120 
men were on picket duty with 2d Corps' line. They were only 
200 yards from the enemy, with whom they carried on a lively 
conversation. 

On the 13th, the coldest day of the winter, 130 men of the 



— 219 — 

battalion were on fatigue duty on the fortifications. The boys 
received four months' pay on March i, and then "squared off" 
with the sutler, and settled "outstanding debts with one an- 
other." 

During the early part of March five companies were added to 
the battalion, bringing its membership Up to the full strength 
of a regiment, but no regimental organization was effected. 
Two of the new companies were from Pittsburg, one from 
Washington county, Pennsylvania, one from Chambersburg, 
and one from Lebanon. These soldiers were cordially wel- 
comed by the 87th. 

The new command was now ready for active duty. Another 
campaign was soon to open. Brigade dress parade was held on 
March 20, and 280 men sent out on picket. The Union picket 
line was again within speaking distance of the Confederates. 

During the last day of March great preparations were being 
made for a general attack on the Confederate works along the 
line from Petersburg on the right, to Hatcher's Run on the left. 
On the 28th, ammunition in large quantities was issued to all the 
troops. The next day Lieutenants Chalfant, Nickel and Kelley 
were sent out with a detail of 120 men for oicket duty. Cap- 
tain F. I. Thomas of Company C was in command of the bri- 
gade picket line. They remained out during the following 
night. They were not allowed to build fires. Owing to the 
darkness of the night the Union and Confederate lines got so 
close that the men could hear each other in an ordinary con- 
versation. During the night a noise was heard by one of Cap- 
tain Thomas' men in front of his post. He moved slightly 
forward when the tall form of a Confederate soldier was seen 
coming toward him. 

"Don't shoot, Yank," said he, in a low tone. "I'm coming 
into your lines." 

"Come in Johnnie, you're perfectly safe," answered the senti- 
nel. Then the man in blue and the man in his tattered gray, 
engaged in a quiet conversation. 

"I'm tired fighting for nothing in this cruel war, but thank 



220 

God it will soon be over, for our men can't hold out much 
longer," continued the Confederate soldier. 

"We will all be glad when the war is ended," said the senti- 
nel. 

The next day it rained hard for several hours, and mud be- 
came abundant everywhere. It ceased toward evening, but at 
midnight rain again began to fall in torrents. During these dis- 
mal hours a large number of the enemy came into the Union 
lines under the protection of the darkness and gave important 
information about the Confederate position. The pickets were 
relieved in the morning and went into line of battle on a hill. 
At 4 p. m. of the 31st, the battalion, with the 1st Brigade, moved 
along the line of works to the left of Fort Gregg. There had 
been heavy firing on the Union left for several hours. The 
weather on April 1 was cold, and the mud was freezing. The 
brigade moved behind the skirmish line under the cover of 
darkness. In this movement the men were ordered not to speak 
loud and to put their tin cups in the haversacks. After being 
in line for a considerable time, with orders to remain quiet, the 
men got chilled through and through. Some of them began to 
kick their feet together. 

This was taken up along the whole line and soon the noise it 
created drew a fire from the Confederate pickets, when several 
men of the battalion were wounded. An order was given to 
lie down, but the men resting on the frozen ground, began again 
to kick their feet together. This drew another fire from the 
enemy, when a private of Company C had an ear shot off. He 
gave such a loud yell that it excited great merriment among his 
•comrades. Another man was struck in the heel. With this 
incident the kicking ended. 

As early as the evening of March 30, General Wright was in- 
structed to be prepared to assault the enemy's works in his 
front. On the evening of April 1, he was directed to make the 
attack at 4 a. m. the next day. The point selected in front of 
Union Forts Fisher and Welch, was decided upon after the 
most careful consideration. There was not light enough to see 



until 4:40 a. m. When the signal gun was fired from Fort 
Fisher at that hour the columns moved promptly, broke over 
the enemy's picket line and charged in masses over the main 
defenses. 

The battalion on this assault ran against a strong line of 
abatis. While breaking through this and in crossing a wide 
ditch, it was exposed to an enhlading fire from the left, losing 
two officers and several men. Captain Tearney then led his 
men with the brigade, toward a fort in front, but was temporar- 
ily checked. Orders were given to move against another fort a 
short distance away, but being unable to take that point, the 
brigade fell back. After reforming it assaulted a fort between 
the other two mentioned and captured it with the point of the 
bayonet. After mounting the works the battalion was swung 
to the left when the men could see the guns of this fort turned 
by our artillerymen upon the fleeing enemy. 

In the assault Lieutenant Peter Nickle of Company E, Lieu- 
tenant Samuel W. Keasey of Company G, and five men were 
killed. Captains Z. E. Hersh of Company B, Captain Findlay 
I. Thomas of Company C, Lieutenant N. O. Barnhart of Com- 
pany G and twenty-three men were wounded. Captains Thomas 
and Hersh were brevetted major "for gallant and meritorious 
conduct" in the assault on the Confederate works. It was 
claimed that the banner carried by Daniel P. Reigle, the color 
sergeant, was the first flag of the brigade to be planted on the 
Confederate works, but Colonel Truex, then the brigade com- 
mander, reported the flag of his old regiment, the 14th New 
Jersey, to be the first. 

Corporal Henry Shultz, of Company G, had just returned 
from home on a short furlough, and brought with him to the 
front, a new uniform and a sword for his former schoolmate 
and comrade, Lieutenant Keasey, the gallant soldier who was 
the last man of the regiment to be killed in battle, seven days 
before Lee's surrender. 

The 6th Corps followed the enemy after the assault, then 
turned back and took position in front of Petersburg. The 



222 

battalion participated in the engagement at Sailor's Creek, April 
6, 1865, losing one man wounded. After the final charge acrosr 
the creek in this fight some of the men stuck in the mud and 
were helped out of their dilemma through the assistance of their 
comrades. 

The great struggle, between the Army of the Potomac and 
the Army of Northern Virginia, was soon to end. Lee retreated 
toward Appomattox Court House to the west of Petersburg, 
and surrendered his army to General Grant on April 9, 1865. 

After the surrender the battalion moved with the 6th Corps 
back to Burkeville Station not far from Appomattox, where 
they staked out camps. While remaining there General Lee 
and other officers rode by on their way to Richmond. 

General Ricketts, having recovered from the wound he re- 
ceived at Cedar Creek, visited his old command, and received 
a royal welcome. 

When the information of the assassination of President Lin- 
coln was received, it cast a gloom over the entire army. During 
the night that followed few soldiers slept. They sat around the 
camp fires for hours discussing the sad news. . On April 19 
twenty-one minute guns were fired in the forenoon and relig- 
ious services were conducted in the afternoon by all the army 
chaplains. In the evening the news of the fall of Mobile and 
the capture of several thousand prisoners, caused great rejoic- 
ing in camp. 

April 23, the 6th Corps with four days' rations in haversacks 
and a supply for eight days in wagons, started on a march to- 
ward Danville, arriving there on the 27th and encamped a short 
distance south of the town. In this march of five days the corps 
moved about 90 miles. 

On April 30 General Wright issued an order that the com- 
mand should thereafter be called the 87th Regiment Pennsyl- 
vania Volunteers, instead of the Battalion of the 87th Pennsyl- 
vania Volunteers. 

General Joseph E. Johnston, having shrrendered to General 
Sherman in North Carolina the 6th Corps was moved by rail on 



May 1 6 to Manchester and went into camp along; the James 
River, opposite Richmond where the men had a fine view of 
Libby prison, Belle Isle and the entire city. A few days later 
some of them went to Richmond and passed through its streets, 
visiting the historic places. Lieutenant Chalfant went into the 
State Capitol, where the Confederate Congress had held its ses- 
sions. He sat down at one of the desks and made several en- 
tries in his diary. 

Lieutenant Charles J. Fox of Company E, who had recently 
returned to the regiment, after eleven months' imprisonment, 
went with some of his men to Libby, where he mounted a stand 
-and made a little speech. 

On May 22, 1865, Captain James Tearney, who had com- 
manded the battalion since December 3, 1864, was commission- 
ed Colonel of the regiment. The organization was completed 
by the election of Captain Samuel S. Bulford of Company G, 
Lieutenant Colonel, and Captain F. I. Thomas of Company C 
Major. 

Johnston's army had surrendered to Sherman in North Car- 
olina; the Confederate Congiess had dispersed; Jefferson Davis 
was fleeing through the state of Georgia; the war was ended. 
The regiment with the 6th Corps began the march toward 
Washington city on May 24. They went through Richmond, 
crossed the Pamunkey River, passed near by Cold Harbor and 
Spottsylvania, went through Fredericksburg, halted at Bailey's 
Station, five miles from Washington, June 2, and staked off a 
camp. They did not arrive in time for the grand review of the 
army in Washington. On June 8 these troops were reviewed 
by President Johnson and Secretary of War Stanton in the Cap- 
ital City. The regiment was mustered out of the service at 
Alexandria, Virginia, June 29, 1865. 

The flag which Color Sergeant Daniel P. Reigle carried in 
the veteran service, was presented to him by his comrades after 
the regiment was mustered out. It had been procured by 
Lieutenant Jonathan J. Keesey, and paid for by contribution 
from the re-enlisted men early in the year 1864. 



CHAPTER XVI. 



SOUTHERN PRISONS— THE MARCH TO STAUNTON IN 1863 — LIBBY AND- 

BELLE ISLE PRISON LIFE AND ESCAPE OF LIEUTENANT WELSH 

— ONE HUNDRED 87TH BOYS ON THE WAY TO DANVILLE 

THEIR PRISON EXPERIENCES AT ANDERS ON VILLE, 
MILLEN, BLACKSHEAR, FLORENCE, SALISBURY. 

At the battle of Carters Woods, near Winchester, Virginia, 
June 15, 1863, about 200 officers and men of the 87th Regiment 
were captured. A number fell into the hands of the ene.my on 
the retreat from the battlefield, increasing the list to nearly 250. 
The regiment was then serving in Milroy's Division of the 8th 
Army Corps. Milroy was surprised and defeated before day- 
light by the overpowering numbers of EwelFs Corps leading 
the advance of Lee's army on its march toward Gettysburg. 
He lost 4000 men in captured out of 7000 effective men compos- 
ing his division. Several regiments surrendered in a body A 
large part of the 87th escaped. Those who became prisoners 
were marched back to Winchester where they were held for two 
or three days, in the county jailyard and in the fortifications 
near town, which the Confederates named Fort Jackson after 
Stonewall Jackson who had been recently killed at Chancel- 
lorsville. 

There is no official record of the men of the regiment who- 
w r ere captured on June 15. The list published below is nearly 
correct/ The members of the field and staff who became pris- 
oners were the following: 

Chaplain David C. Eberhart, Surgeon W. H. McCurdy, Quar- 
termaster James Hersh, Assistant Quartermaster Albert Ford, 
Sergeant Major Frank "Geise, and Commissary Sergeant Mich- 
ael Smyser. 



— 225 — 

Company A. — Second Lieutenant William Bierbower, Ser- 
geant B. F. Frick, D. B. Bouge, A. Jameson, Jacob Fritz, Will- 
iam Felty, Abraham Frick, Lewis Frey, Charles Z. Denues,. 
John Schall, J. Hawkins, George Miller, Michael Mara, 
Charles Spahr, Martin Zeigler, William Denues, Elijah Francis,. 
Geo. Platts, Henry Fink, Emanuel Smith,* Samuel Stoner, Will- 
iam Shuman, Geo. Feathers, Charles E. Gotwalt, Harrison 
Heidler, T. R. Hendrickson, Charles Hyde, James Keller, John 
Kipp, Geo. Koch, Peter Bott, Jacob S. Upp, Hamilton Fahs, 
William F. Zorger, Alex. Brown, Henry Ensinger, Lewis M» 
Smith, Geo. Knodel, Franklin Barnhart. 

Company B. — Henry Wilhelm, Levi Gastrock, Augustus 
Wise, William Miller, Samuel F. Keller, William Drabenstadt,. 
John Gallagher, John Meyers, B. C. Epler, Peter F. Zorger,. 
Bernard Smith, Geo. Zorger, Isaac U. Zorger, Adam Bluste, 
George Toomey, William Ramsey, James S. Grimes, William 
Parker, Geo. W. Rouch, William F. Spayd, Thomas Updegrove r 
John Voglesong, Washington Meisenhelter, William H. Zorger^ 
John C. Simmons, Michael Heiman, William Eicholtz, Joseph 
M. Funk, Alex. Nauss, Frederick Glazier, Jacob Lewis, Silas 
Mattis, William Connelly. 

Company C. — Ephraim Strayer, Peter Ream, John E. Edie y 
Jeremiah Flinn, Andrew Isenbaugh, Henry Krider, F. Pfafifen- 
baugh, Greenberry Lovell, Isaiah Hoff, Isaac Wagner, Norris 
McGirk, George Duttenheaffer, John Weaver, Jacob Sheets, 
Michael Washes, Rufus Grim, John A. Crowl, John Meltz- 
heimer, Elizah B. Gibson, Flinn Richmond, Enoch C. Hartman, 
Franklin Sipe. 

Company D. — Second Lieutenant W. H. H. Welsh, John 
Smith, Conrad Eckert, John McConnell, John T. Allison, Jos- 
eph Ahley, Wm. H. Douglass, Albert J. Kelley, George Sny- 
der, Francis Fallenstine, George W. Eaton, John Leopold, John 
G. Weaver, Isaac Krout, Nathaniel Z. Seitz, Levi W. Dubs, 
Squire Bamford, Ephraim Bailey, Alex'r Klinedinst, James B. 
Beck, James H. Moody, James Grove, L. W. Waltemyer, Isaac 
Hedrick, Francis Midwig, George W. Brenise, Israel Baublitz, 
Peter Hedrick, Elias H. Redding. 

'4 



226 



'Company E. — Wm. M. Wolf, Augustus Keiser, Samuel R. 
Miller, Henry Myers, Benjamin D. Dull, Daniel N. Boose, 
Thomas Neely, Philip M. Shive, Valentine Roush, Henry 
Smith, Eli Bear, Christian Wagner, Peter Weaver, John 
Ouickel, Edward Gipp, ^Samuel B. Gray, Edward Owens, Au- 
gustus Rodewig, James E. Mundorf, Casper H. Kleffman. 
Alexander Crouch, Jefferson Brunner, Samuel Cramer, Paul 
Mosebaugh, Isaac Plank, Wm. Strator, Peter Slyder. 

Company F. — Henry H. Smith, Jacob Rice, Arnold F. Dust- 
man, Joseph A. Simpson, Wm. Fullerton, Wm. McGonigal, Wm. 

D. Holtzworth, Wm. Grumbine, Zephaniah Rodgers, Jefferson 
Cassatt, Samuel Fisher, David Culp, Daniel P. Reigle, Charles 

E. Skelly, James Steinour, Duncan Little, George Musser, Jacob 
Exkert, George Ford, Walter Cassatt, James Murray. 

Company G. — Lieutenant Morningstar, Daniel Stine Charles 

F. Ropp, Charles Booth, John Ferdinand, Benedict P. Myers, 
Xewis J. Renaut, Lazarus J. Klinedinst. Joseph Fox, John Bupp, 

Lewis J. Humm, George E. Yingling, Daniel M. Keesey, John 
.A. Wilt, George Stine, Valentine Grove, Henry Shultz, Joseph 

F. Welsh. 

Company H. — Frederick Brecht, David Pentz, Frederick 
"Dietrich, Henry Noel, Samuel D. McGinley, George C. Carroll, 
Ephraim Coble, Ephraim Stouffer, George Prowell, George B. 
Lighty, Daniel S. Mickey, Anthony Wolf, Martin Rinehart, 
John A. Cooley, John K. Shive, Wm. B. Ramsey, John Aker. 
George S. Anderson, Tempest L. Forrer, Wm. Anderson, Jacob 
Huntzberger, Daniel Arnsberger, Eli Forrer, John Hoffman, 
Benjamin S. Kauffman, Josiah Landen, Valentine Myers, An- 
drew B. Smith would have been commissioned First Lieutenant 
in a few days if he had not been captured. 

Company I. — David N. Thomas, Frederick Green, Ephraim 
Bankard, Lewis H. Diehl, Edward R. Herr, Charles Martin, 
Albert D. Grove, Joshua Lane, Levi Markle, Solomon McMas- 
ters, Robert O'Donnell, Frank M. Peters, Peter Mclntyre, 
Adolph Weisheit. 

'Company K.— Captain John Albright, Second Lieutenant 



227 

Charles P. Stroman, George W. Welsh, George W. Sechrist, 
phraim Shanebrook, Chas. J. Barnitz, John Holder, Eli Brown| 
Henry C. Spangler, Wm. Emenheiser, Michael S. Deringer,' 
Wm. Marckley, Dennis Crimmins, Peter S. Baum, Harrison 
Spangler, W. F. Smith, David Hoffman, Wm. H. Schriver, 
Isaac Sweeney, Josiah Diehi, W. H. Ilgenfritz, Thomas Z. 
Burse. 

On the day set for these prisoners to leave Winchester, the 
boys of the 87th, with about 1500 other troops, were formed into 
line and placed in charge of the 58th Virginia, a Confederate 
regiment of about 300 men under Lieutenant Colonel Bort. 
Some of the men of this command had served a short time in 
Northern prisons, where they said, they had been .treated with 
consideration. For this reason, they felt kindly disposed to- 
ward their prisoners whom they were now to march up the Val- 
ley to Staunton. The daily allowance of rations for the prison- 
ers, on the march, however, was only a pint of flour to each man, 
who mixed the flour into a paste and baked it on flat stones. If 
the stones were heated too much they would burst, and throw the 
"dough cakes" on the ground, peppering them with dirt. 

"Where are your musicians," said an officer of the guard, af- 
ter the march had continued about half way to Staunton. Harry 
Fink, the pied piper of Company A, and Lewis I. Renaut, of 
Company G, afterward the principal musician of the regiment, 
stepped forward. 

"Take the front line," said the Confederate officer, and these 
musicians moved forward to the head of the column with two 
drummer boys following, fifes and drums, belonging to the 
guards, being handed them. 

"What shall we play?" asked Harry Fink. 

"Anything," said Colonel Bort. 

They led off with "Yankee Doodle," and were applauded. 
Then they played "When Johnny Comes Marching Home," 
and "The Girl I Left Behind." 

"Very good, give us another tune," said the commanding offi- 
cer. 



After making big eyes toward the Colonel, riding near him, 
and holding his fife up to his mouth with one hand, Musician 
Fink struck up ''The Star Spangled Banner." Some of the boys 
joined in the chorus, others cheered. To their astonishment 
the Confederates applauded and the Colonel laughed, for they all 
enjoyed the fun. The musical instruments were then returned 
to their owners, and the men trod along till they reached Staun- 
ton, tired and footsore. 

As they entered that town, one of the guards asked Harry 
Fink, why he didn't play something. He stepped out of the 
ranks, plucked a leaf from a tree, placed it between the palms 
of his hands and played "Yankee Doodle,'' causing great merri- 
ment among the soldiers in the ranks and the gaping crowds 
along the sidewalks. 

"I thought the Yanks were wild men, but they are just like 
the rest of us," said an old man who for the first time had seen a 
Union soldier. 

When the 1500 prisoners arrived at the railroad station at 
Staunton, the officers were separated from the privates, and sent 
by cars to Libby prison, at Richmond 

The privates and non-commissioned officers were turned over 
by the 58th Virginia to the Richmond City Guards, a company 
of voung men who were impudent and saucy. 

"Get into de coach, you damned Yanks," they shouted, as 
seventy-five or more men were driven like cattle into a box car 
without seats. It was a long weary ride to Richmond. Upon 
arriving there, some were placed in tobacco sheds, others in Lib- 
by prison, where one squad after another of them was formed 
into line, stripped of most of their clothing and carefully exam- 
ined. Everything of value that could be found was taken from 
them. 

While standing in line, waiting his turn, Sergeant Michael 
Smyser cut open a piece of bread and put his gold watch inside 
of it, and thus "passed the examination" without losing his 
time piece. 

Sergeant Ford stuffed a ten dollar bill, into his mouth. The 



229 

guard took his knife, diary, and watch from him, and then said, 
"Got anything else?'' 

"No," answered the prisoner. But the money had swelled 
his rigfht cheek. 

"Open your mouth, you son of a Yank/' growled the "inspec- 
tor" who then thrust his finger inside and fished out the bill. 

"I want all you have," said the guard on the other side, to 
Sergeant Frick. "Got nothin'g but a little note book and a 
knife," answered the Sergeant, in a state of great trepidation 
for he had mysteriously concealed a gold watch on his person. 

"Give me the book and knife and pass on." The Sergeant 
obeyed, and got through Libby and out of Belle Isle, a few 
weeks later, with his time piece. A few of the men sewed some 
money within the seams of their clothing, and it was not found 
by the "prison inspector." 

"Soon after the examination was completed, all except the 
commissioned offcers who were held in Libby, were sent to 
Belle Isle, in the James River, within the limits of Richmond. 
They wert not there many days till the prison guard asked for 
the "Yanks" who came from York, Pennsylvania. 

"Here," answered a dozen boys at the same instant. 

"Well," he said, "our army has been to your town. There 
was a drawn battle at Gettysburg, but our troops are now march- 
ing toward Philadelphia and New York which will soon be in 
our possession and the war will be over." 

"I'll bet it's a lie," said Sergeant Albert Ford in bold and 
defiant tones, "for all their drawn battles are victories for us." 
The guard levelled his gun to fire at the Serg-eant, but as there 
were no other guards near by, he did not shoot. 

The food supplied to the 7,000 or more prisoners in the small 
enclosure on Belle Isle was poor, but the term of imprisonment 
for the boys of the 87th did not last long-. Some were sent 
by rail within the Union lines at City Point and from there con- 
veyed by boat to Camp Parole, at Annapolis, Maryland, within 
six weeks after arriving in Richmond. A few remained a little 
longer. After being exchanged, they returned to the regiment, 



— 230 — 

then on the movement toward Brandy Station, Virginia. The 
commissioned officers captured at Winchester in June, 1863, 
were held in different southern prisons until the end of the war 
in 1865. 

Lieutenant W. H. H. Welsh, of Company D, had a remark- 
able prison experience, and the story of his escape is full oi ro- 




LIEUTENANT WELSH. 



mantic interest. In the early morning- of June 15, 1863, in the 
engagement at Carter's Woods, near Winchester, Va., he was 
struck by a piece of shell. W T hen the retreat was ordered he 
escaped with two privates to the mountains and five days later 
was captured at Cherry Run, near Hancock, Maryland, toward 
which place a large detachment of Milroy's forces had gone. 



— 231 — 

Having removed the insignia of his rank he was marched with 
400 other prisoners, from Martinsburg to Staunton, and from 
thence was conveyed in cars to Richmond. After spending 
one day in Libby he as moved to Belle Isle. Here he met other 
members of the regiment, who had been captured at Winches- 
ter. 

When the prison guards found out that he was a commis- 
sioned officer, Lieutenant Welsh was taken back to Libby, and 
placed in a dungeon, where for six weeks, he was kept in soli- 
tary confinement, because he had tried to pass himself off as a 
private soldier. He was given one small piece of bread each 
day, just enough to sustain life. A bucket of water was sup- 
plied him weekly. The water became foul and unfit to drink 
before another bucket came. His clothes had to be removed on 
account of the mould collecting upon them. 

One Sunday morning, the guard entered the dungeon, and 
took him up stairs, where he met Captains Morningstar and 
Albright, and Lieutenants Bierbower and Stroman of his regi- 
ment, and Captain Schroeder of the 5th Maryland, who had been 
taken prisoners near Winchester. His comrades bathed him in 
a tub and shared with him some of their clothing. The lieuten- 
ant being naturally of a cheerful disposition soon became one 
of the jolliest of the Libby prisoners. In order to while away 
the monotony of prison life, he assisted Captain E. A. Mass, of 
the 88th Pennsylvania Regiment in organizing a troupe which 
they called the "Libby Prison Minstrels." For the amusement 
of 1800 other officers then in this noted prison pen, they gave 
two entertainments weekly. This was kept up until Christmas, 
1863. They were in Libby eleven months, during which time 
each officer of the 87th Regiment there, received from home 
two boxes of supplies, which were allowed to go through the 
Confederate lines. 

In May» 1864, most of the Libby prisoners were taken to 
Danville, Virginia, and from that place were sent to Macon, 
Georgia, where a large number of Union officers were impris- 
oned. At this place they were confined in a stockade called 



— 232 — 

Camp Oglethorpe. This prison was sixty miles from Ander- 
sonville where the largest prison in the South for non-commis- 
sioned officers and privates was situated. While the Lieuten- 
ant and his comrades were here, the officers of the 87th captur- 
ed in front of Petersburg in June, 1864, arrived. 

About this time with other comrades. Lieutenant Welsh start- 
ed a tunnel which was to come to the surface underneath a 
round house about 300 yards from the stockade. The digging- 
was done at night with knives and a broken canteen. The loose 
earth was carried in small sacks, and placed underneath the hos- 
pital buildings in the center of the prison. After digging the 
tunnel about fifty yards, the work was discovered by the guard 
and it was stopped. 

The Lieutenant soon afterward was sent with others to Char- 
leston, S. C, where they were placed under the fire of the Fed- 
eral guns at Morris Island., 

The yellow fever broke out in Charleston, when 1800 officers 
were sent to Columbia, S. C, where they were placed in Camp 
Sorghum in a pine forest two miles from the city. 

On November 9. 1864, Lieutenant Welsh and eight other 
prisoners arranged to bribe the guard by agreeing to give him 
$1800 in Confederate money. They rolled $400 around a thick 
wad of brown paper, and handed it to a guard at 3 a. m. as they 
passed through the guard line. Then they skipped away in the 
dark as rapidly as possible. The trick was discovered, how- 
ever, when they were about 100 yards away when the whole 
guard line fired a volley after them. They all dropped, as if 
shot, but a few minutes later disappeared in the darkness. The 
following day they covered one another with leaves in the woods. 
The last man had to cover himself as beslt he could. They re- 
mained in the woods, thus concealed, until evening came again; 
then travelled all night. 

They kept up this manner of escape for a month, until they 
reached the mountain region of North Carolina. In the mean- 
time they lived on fruit, raw pumpkins and grains of corn, oc- 



— 233 — 

casionally obtaining food from negroes, whom they could al- 
ways trust. 

While still in South Carolina, they were discovered one night 
by a squad of Confederates* when all were captured except 
Lieutenant Welsh, Captains Wilson and Skelton, of Ohio, and 
•Captain Dusenberry, of Newark, New Jersey . 

After getting into the mountain district, they travelled during 
the day, and slept at night. Upon reaching Table Rock Moun- 
tain, one of the ridges of the Alleghenies, John Masters, a Un- 
ion man, furnished them the best of corn bread and pork and 
concealed them about his home four days. After leaving him, 
on going down the mountain side in Transylvania county, North 
Carolina, two white men, and a colored man came along, behind 
them. The leader of the party was John Aiken who said: 

"I am sorry to tell you, boys, but you are in danger of being 
captured. There is a squad of men after you. Go with me and 
I will conceal you till the chase is over." 

He took them to his own log cabin and kept them seven days. 
He then directed them to a secluded spot in the mountain, call- 
ed Little Bear Wallow, where they built a small log cabin, and 
remained in it three weeks. 

While here, they made the acquaintance of nineteen deser- 
ters from the Confederate army. The party of twenty-one per- 
sons started on a tramp for Ducktown in the mountains of Eas- 
tern Tennessee. After three nights of marching they w r ere 
attacked by a company of cavalry, when all were killed or taken 
prisoners, except Captain Dusenberry, of New Jersey, Lieu- 
tenant Welsh, and Samuel Tinsley, a Confederate deserter- from 
South Carolina. Three days later they were also captured by a 
lieutenant and twelve men, near Knottly River. They were tak- 
en back twelve miles to an old farm house, wdiere during- the 
night Tinsley escaped. The following evening, Captain Dusen- 
bury and Lieutenant Welsh got away also. 

They were now free again, and started together for Cleveland, 
Tennessee, where they arrived after many exciting experiences 
and long marches, on Jan. 25, 1865. Then they went to Chat- 



— 235 — 

tanooga, Tennessee, and got an order from General Thomas,, 
in command at that place., to report at Washington, D. C. 

Lieutenant Welsh was mustered out Feb. 10, 1865, three 
years and six months from the time of his enlistment. He 
brought his friend Tinsley to York with him. The latter re- 
mained in the North several months, and then returned to his 
plantation in South Carolina. 

Lieutenant Welsh named his only son "Tinsley" in tender 
recollection of his Southern friend, with whom he had so manv 
exciting experiences. Captain Dusenbury, his other compan- 
ion, resides at Newark, New Jersey. 

The officers and men of the regiment captured June 23. 1864, 
in the engagement along the Weldon Railroad, an account of 
which will be found on page 167 in this book, were marched 
to the rear and halted at the "Yellow House," then the head- 
quarters of Gen. A. P. Hill, commanding a corps in the Con- 
federate army. It was near this house that Samuel Baumgard- 
ner, of Company A, had been seriously wounded, and fell into- 
the hands of the enemy. He was found by Samuel and How- 
ard Andrews who were among the prisoners, and was led by 
them to the house where they dressedhis wounds. Among the 
other men then in Confederate hands, near the "Yellow 
House," were Sergeant Elijah Francis and Henry L. Neuman, 
cf Company A. When the Union forces moved forward the 
next day, these three wounded men were taken to the hospital 
by their comrades, and tenderly cared for by the surgeons. 

The prisoners from the regiment were marched toward Pe- 
tersburg, and lay in an open field to the rear of the Confederate 
fortifications. The next morning, all who had knapsacks, hav- 
ersacks, canteens and rubber blankets, were required to give 
them up. They were then formed in line and marched through 
the streets of Petersburg and placed with many other prison- 
ers on an island in the Appomattox River at the suburbs of the 
city. Here they met their comrades of the regiment who had 
been captured June 22. 

Two or three days later, with a number of prisoners from the 



— 236 — 



2d Army Corps, they were conveyed in cars to Richmond, a 
distance of 27 miles, and marched to Libby prison, and other 
tobacco warehouses where they were held three days, receiv- 
ing a small amount of corn bread and stale bacon. In the 
meantime, they were divided into squads, marched into a room 
and, after being stripped of nearly all their clothing, were care- 
fully searched. 

"If any of you Yanks have money or other valuables, hand 
them over at once. They will be marked to your credit and 
returned again," said one of the inspectors. A substitute, 
who had just entered the service, handed over $500, but he 
never saw the money again. He was no "bounty jumper." 

Sergeant Fox, of Company E, stuffed a $50 bill into a large 
pipe, and covered it over with tobacco. He expected to "pass 
the examination," but the guards found the money and took it. 
A few of the men got through with some valuables. 

About 4 o'clock one afternoon, these prisoners, numbering 
about 2500 officers and men, were put on a train, about 80 to a 
car, and taken to Lynchburg. The cars had no seats. One of 
the doors of each car was kept open, and guards placed at it. 
There were -three or four guards on the top of each car. They 
rode all that hot night and arrived at Lynchburg the next morn- 
ing. 

The railroad between Lynchburg and Danville had been 
torn up by Sheridan's Cavalry. This compelled them to march 
to Danville, a distance of 85 miles. Each man was given six- 
teen crackers and a very small piece of bacon, to last four 
days, but some of the hungry men ate everything they had the 
first day. While passing a church, the audience dismissed to 
see the prisoners march by. 

At one place an old woman came out with a basket of cher- 
ries for the Confederate guards. James Oren, of Company B, 
called out, "Grandmother, will you give me a few cherries?" 

"No, I won't, you Northern people have no business roaming 
over our country," she responded. 

"We are not much interested in this kind of roaming, are we 



— 237 — 

Jim," remarked his chum, Michael Heiman, as he mopped the 
sweat from his brow. 

"Besser we schtayed along- de railroad," chimed in a Ger- 
man who had been eager to go "into active service," when at 
Coekeysville in 1861. 

"The prisoners trod along in the hot July sun, and arrived at 
Danville in time to celebrate the Fourth in large tobacco houses. 
At this place, the hungry men were well fed. 

After remaining a short time at Danville, Captain Fahs, of 
Company A, Captain Maish, of Company B, and Lieutenant 
Stallman, of Company C, together with all other commissioned 
officers among the prisoners, were sent by rail to Macon, Geor- 
gia. The other prisoners were loaded on cars at 4 p. m. The 
trains stopped at Charlotte, N. C, where some loyal women 
brought food for the men, but the guards drove the women 
away. The next stop was at Augusta, Georgia. Here they 
were taken out of the cars, and rested for the night on an open 
let in the rain, without shelter. Toward evening of the next day, 
the entire party of 2500 men, including nearly 100 from the 
87th Regiment, started for Andersonville, Georgia, the largest 
prison in the South. They arrived there July 9, 1864. The sub- 
joined description of the prison, taken from the report of Col- 
onel Chandler, an inspector of Southern prisons made August I. 
1864, tells the condition of affairs at this prison when the boys 
arrived. 

'This prison when completed in February, 1864, contained 
an area of 17 acres. It was afterward enlarged to embrace 24 
acies. The stockade is 15 feet high and is made of roughly 
hewn pine logs, about 8 inches in diameter. They are inserted 
5 feet in the ground. A railing around the inside of the stock- 
ade, and about 20 feet from it, constitutes the 'dead line,' be- 
yond which the prisoners are not allowed to pass. The stock- 
ade is surrounded by two other rows of logs. The middle 
one 16 feet, the outer one 12 feet high. There are now 30,000 
prisoners in this enclosure, giving somewhat less than six 
square feet to each man. 



— 2 3 8 — 

"A small stream passes through the enclosure from West to 
East. This furnishes the water for washing purposes. The 
water in the stream is rendered unfit for drinking before it 
reaches the enclosure, by refuse matter from the bakery and 
cook house. Under pressure of necessity, the prisoners have 
dug numerous wells with spoons and cups from which they 
obtain water to drink. The space along the stream, used as a 
sink, is. in a shocking condition, and cannot fail to breed pesti- 
lence. This marshy ground should be filled up. The ground 
of the enclosure is entirely bare of trees. There is no material 
for the prisoners to erect places of protection from inclement 
weather. Each man has been permitted to protect himself as 
best he can by stretching his blanket, if he has one, over him on 
such sticks as he can procure. Some of the men have dug 
holes, in the ground, to seclude themselves during hot days. 

"The whole number of prisoners is divided into messes of 270 
and sub-divisions of 90 men, eadi under a sergeant from their 
own number. To Captain Wirz, of the Confederate army, is 
assigned the supervision and control of the prison. There are 
110 established rules for police consideration, and for the health 
comfort and sanitary condition of those within the enclosure. 
There is no regularity in the prison grounds. In evidence of 
this, by permission of General Winder, commander of the post, 
a court was organized among the prisoners who tried for mur- 
der, proved guilty and hanged six of their number. 

"There is no medical attendance furnished within the stock- 
ade. Small quantities of medicine are placed in the hands of 
certain prisoners, of each squad or division, and the sick are 
directed to be brought by the sergeants of the squads to the 
'sick call,' to the medical officers who attend at the gate. The 
crowd, at such times, is so great that only the strongest can 
get access to the doctor. Twenty or more dead bodies are 
carted out each day. The hospital arrangements are imper- 
fect. The death rate is increasing, being now twice as high as 
it was a month ago. The dead are buried without coffins. The 
sanitary condition of the prison is wretched. The principal 



— 239 — 

causes of death are scurvy and chronic diarrhoea. No effort is 
being made to stop this condition of affairs by supplying proper 
food. 

"The daily ration is one-third pound of bacon, one-fourth 
pound of unbolted cornmeal, with fresh beef at very rare inter- 
vals, and occasionally rice. Molasses once in a long time, is 
substituted for meat. There are hardly any facilities for cook- 
ing. Some of the men dig in the ground for roots to build 
Ares. Xo clothing has been furnished. 

"The guard force for this prison, aggregates 3,000 men, mostly 
Georgia troops. They are thoroughly demoralized, mutinous, 
and entirely without discipline. They should at once be re- 
moved. Some of these men recently took the Colonel of the 
55th Georgia Regiment from his tent, placed him on a stump 
and compelled him to go through the manual of arms with a 
pole." 

The above statements, condensed from an extended report, 
were intended to bring about an improvement in the manage- 
ment of the prison, but it never accomplished any good results. 
Captain Wirz furnished a counter statement, declaring that 
"'Colonel Chandler when he left me, after a sympathizing look 
toward the Yankee prisoners from whom he obtained much of 
the information he gives, said 'This beats anything I ever 
saw or heard of; it is indeed a hell on earth.' But I saw all the 
time he was visiting the prison that he was made the plaything 
of cute Yankees." 

Colonel Chandler, after the war, lived an honored citizen of 
his native State. Captain Wirz was captured, tried "as a mur- 
derer, for causing the death of prisoners of war, contrary to the 
laws of the Nation." The court was presided over by Judge 
Advocate General Holt. Among the members of the court 
w r ere General Lew Wallace and General Geary. He was found 
guilty and hanged at Washington, D. C, November 3, 1865. 

The Andersonville prison was used from February, 1864, to 
April, 1865, during which time 13,714 of the 40,000 Union sol- 
diers held there during that time, died. The death rate was 



— 240 — 

highest in August and October, 1864. "There were 220 loyal 
hearts answered the last roll call on August 2," says' an official 
account. In all 1,811 Union soldiers from Pennsylvania were 
placed among the dead in the cemetery, a short distance north 
of the prison. The Stars and Stripes now float over this ceme- 
tery, from sunrise to sunset every day. Marble headstones have 
been placed over all graves that are marked. 

The following inscription, taken from the Book of Revela- 
tions, was placed on one of these stones by a sister of the dead 
soldier: "They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more. 
For the Lamb which is in the midst of them shall feed them, 
and shall lead them unto living fountains of water." 

Most of the land where the prison was situated is now owned 
by George Washington Kennedy, a colored man, who cultivates 
what is arable. 

Soon after the boys of the 87th arrived there they witnessed 
the execution of the six prisoners mentioned in Colonel Chand- 
ler's report. One day a large number of the prisoners who re- 
cently arrived were called up before Captain Wirz who said, 
'Now Yanks, if there are any among you who can read and 
write, such men can take charge of the squads of 90 men." 

"We come from a free country, where there are free schools. 
Every one of us can read and write," quickly answered one of 
them. 

Michael Heiman, of Company B, was one of the few prison- 
ers who managed to get to Andersonville with money. He was 
able to buy things to eat with it from the guards until it was all 
gone. 

Corporal William T. Ziegler, of Company F on the day of 
his arrival at Andersonville, met David G. Myers, of his 
company, who had been in prison since his caoture at the battle 
of the Wilderness, May 7, 1864. He found Myers sick and 
emaciated, with no shoes and his clothes were all tattered and 
torn. The Corporal sat down on the ground, pulled off his own 
shoes and stockings and gave them to his sick comrade who 
cheered up for awhile after the arrival of his former compan- 



— 241 — 

ion in arms, but died at Andersonville, two months later. Cor- 




— 242 — 

■"Provid€nce Spring" was a boon to the thirty thousand pris- 
oners in Andersonville. Shortly after heavy rains had fallen, 
a stream of pure cold water, gushed from the ground near the 
northern border of the prison, during the hot days of August 
J2th and 13th. The men were at first required to form in line, 
.and march in order with their tin cups to this fountain of life. 
No '"flankers" were permitted to move up on the right or the left. 
Jt was soon found, however, that the flow of water was perma- 
nent and the supply sufficient for all the prisoners. This spring 
.has ever since continued to flow, and has been surrounded by 
;a wall by the owner of the grounds. 

After the capture of Atlanta by Sherman's army, a large num- 
ber of the prisoners were moved to Florence, South Carolina. 
Most of the men of the 87th Regiment were kept at Anderson- 
ville until October, when with" 9,000 others, they were taken 
in cars to Millen, Georgia. At this place they were put in a 
■new stockade and formed in divisions of 100 mer with a ser- 
geant in charge of each division. 

"While at Millen," says Charles E. Gotwalt, of Company A, 
"a group of us had gathered around a fire one evening engaged 
in a conversation for an hour or more. At 9 p. m. we decided 
to go to bed. To our surprise we then found that Samuel 
Zortman, of Company B, one of our group had died without our 
"knowledge. He had been very weak for several days." 

"In November, 1864," writes Private Gotwalt, "the 9,000 Un- 
ion prisoners at Millen were requested by the prison authorities, 
to vote for President on the same day that the election was held 
in the North. It resulted in a majority of 2,500 votes in favor 
of Lincoln for re-election. 

The weather was cold while the boys were in prison at Mil- 
len. About twice a week, a squad of them was sent out un- 
der guard to gather wood for fuel. One day a major came in- 
to prison and asked for recruits for the Confederate army. 
Quite a number went with him. Most of them were foreigners. 

During the latter part of November, when Sherman was on 
his March to the Sea, this prison pen was broken up. Charles 



— 243 — 

E. Gotwalt, owing to his physical condition., was paroled and 
exchanged. When he left for home, the following men of the 
87th were removed with 8,000 other Union soldiers to different 
prison pens: 

Company A. — Henry Shultz, Samuel Andrews, Howard R. 
Andrews, William Shuman, Charles Metzgar, Samuel Baum- 
gardner, Peter Bott. 

Company B. — Michael Heiman, James Oren, George Rouch, 
George Zorger, Henry Welker and Henry C. Shatzler. 

Company C. — Michael Poet, Henry Poet, William H. Bren- 
neman, Thomas Bull, Henry E. Blaney and Lewis C. Frey. 
Artemus Wilhelm, of this company, escaped from the cars on 
the way to Millen. 

Company D. — Squire Bamford, William H. Met calf, Levi 
W. Dubs, Newton Krow, John Henn, Alexander Klinedinst, 
Lewis C. Klinedinst. 

Company E. — Samuel R. Miller, James Morehead, Eli Bear, 
Augustus Keiser, Samuel B. Gray, Charles March, John Ever- 
hart. John F. W. Shultz and Sergeant Charles J. Fox. 

Company F. — Harrison Koon and Corporal William T. Zieg- 
ler. 

Company G. — Lazarus Klinedinst. 
Company H. — Sergeant Hinkle. 
Company K. — Christian List. 

Most of these men were sent toward Savannah with the ex- 
pectation of being paroled, but General Sherman's forces were 
approaching that city, and they were taken to Blackshear, 
Georgia, and put in a woods. On the way to Savannah, W. H. 
Metcalf escaped from the cars. He was taken care of by some 
negroes who hid him on an island in a swamp, where they fur- 
nished him food. In turn he mended their shoes. He remain- 
ed there for a long time. On May 6, 1865, he arrived in Jack- 
sonville, Florida, with six negroes who had piloted him there. 
He then entered the Union lines. 

One carload of prisoners was moved from Blackshear to 
Florence, South Carolina, including George Zorger and George 



— 2 44 — 



Rouch, of Company B*, both of whom died there. About 4000 
were sent over the Gulf Railroad from Blackshear to Thomas- 
ville, Georgia, a distance of 100 miles. This prison camp was 
surrounded by intrenchments on which the guards were placed. 
The dead line was twenty feet from the intrenchments. Augus- 
tus Winegardner and Mathias Hull, of Company B, escaped one 
night from the Thomasville prison. Both were captured. 
They were found in a barn. In jumping from the barn attempt- 
ing to escape, Hull injured himself and was taken to the hos- 
pital. He was afterward paroled and returned home. Wine- 
gardner was sent to Andersonville. 

While on the march from Thomasville, Georgia, on the way 
back to Andersonville, the entire party of prisoners, then num- 
bering about 3,000, halted at Blue Spring, about four miles from 
Albany. They were camped in a woods, and were guarded by 
old men and boys. The night was very dark. - Early in the 
morning when they were being formed into squads of one hun- 
dred men, in order to be counted, James Oren and Michael 
Heiman, of Company B, escaped into a cornfield, where they 
concealed themselves. 

Before daylight they found a good road leading from Albany; 
following it they saw a light in a slave cabin where they got 
something to eat, then travelled on till daylight and hid in a 
woods. In the evening they heard a dog bark, a distance ahead. 
Going in that direction they were invited into the home of some 
old people who treated them kindly, and fed them on cornbread 
and kidneys. When the boys left, they told these friends that 
they were on their way to Albany, but went another direction, 
and after going a long distance, came to a cabin in a secluded 
spot. This building was empty. They went inside of it, laid 
down on the floor, and fell asleep. 

"Do you hear that noise Mike? This house must be haun- 
ted," said Oren to his companion, as he grabbed up some of 
his turnips that he had found during the day. 

"I am sleeping. Don't bother me about spooks and ghosts/' 
murmured Heiman, and they both took another snooze. An 



— 245 — 

hour later two big rats were pulling- off the blanket which they 
used to cover themselves. 

"Hello Jim," said Heiman, "wake up; the rats are after your 
turnips. Let's get out of this place." "All right," replied Oren, 
and they went on till daylight. 

The next evening they arrived at the cabin of some negro 
slaves who fed them on sweet potatoes, cornbread, and pork. 
They also baked a "Christmas cake" of corn meal for them to 
take along. 

The boys left the cabin before midnight. An old darkey 
went along a short distance to show them the way toward Sa- 
vannah which they knew had been captured by Sherman's army. 
Pointing reverently toward the sky, the old darkey said, as he 
left them: "Look up to de heaven. Do you see de seven stars. 
Follow clem and da leads you on to Savannah. May de good 
Lord bress you, and keep you safe." 

They moved toward the town of Isabella. On the way they 
heard a negro singing", who directed them to a plantation where 
there were a large number of slaves, who gave them plenty to 
eat. When the boys left this place, the negroes gave them 
some lint, a horn and a flint stone and taught them how to make 
a fire. After going several miles they entered an old cabin 
where nobody lived. James Oren cooked his turnips in an old 
tin dish. 

Just then a man came in and said, "Guess you'uns are Yanks." 

''We are hunting work," answered Oren. Some women 
came to see them. Then a negro came to invite them to dinner 
at a house nearby. But the boys decided to go with the negro 
to a place of hiding. Soon afterwards they moved on toward 
Savannah. They waded two streams and travelled on over a 
thinly settled country. The next town wis Irwinsville. On 
the way there, they stopped at the cabin of a negro who was pre- 
paring a meal for them when a man armed with a gun entered 
and asked them to surrender. Two more armed men followed 
with two blood hounds, and another clog. 

"Well, we are escaped Union prisoners," said both Oren and 



— 246 — 

Heiman, but we want work so we don't have to go back to An- 
dersonville prison." 

'"All right, come along- and we'll take care of you," said one 
of the men. The boys slept that night in the cabin, on the 
plantation of Lawyer Bohannon, who afterward became Judge 
of Irwin County. The next day, January 2, 1865, they were 
captured. Michael Heiman was placed in charge of the captain 
of police of Irwin County. He worked at shoemaking for a 
lit,tle while, and then was sent back to Andersonville prison, 
where he remained until the spring of 1865. He escaped again 
from the guards with his comrade, Henry Sh'atzler, and got 
within the Union lines at Macon, Georgia. Michael Poet and 
Henry E. Blaney, of Company C, also escaped and afterwards 
accidentally met Heiman near the Flint River. 

When James Oren was re-captured near Irwinsville. he was 
put to splitting rails for Squire Fenn w T ho gave him some good 
clothing. He went to the home of Willis J. Bone, the leader 
of a party of Union men and got a gun. On January 5, he es- 
caped) again, and through the assistance of his friend Bone, 
concealed himself on an island in the Great Alapahaw Swamp 
where he remained two months. At times he left his hiding 
place, and worked on the plantation of Mr. Bone. He was 
known by the slaves and some friends as "Yankee Jim." 

On April 7, accompanied by a Confederate deserter named 
Peasant McDannel he started for Savannah arriving within the 
Union line at that city, April 19, 1865. From Savannah he was 
sent to Hilton Head, South Carolina, where he met Captain 
Frank Geise. 

The prisoners of the 87th recorded as having died at Ander- 
sonville were the following: Sergeant Henry Shultz, of Com- 
pany A ; Sergeant Edward Rudy, Privates Joseph Hummel, Wil- 
liam Ramsay and Henry C. Welker, of Company B: Jeremiah 
Flinn and Franklin Seip, of Company C; William S. Stewart 
(date unknown) and George Bollinger, of Company D; John 
Everhart, of Company E; David G. Myers, of Coomany F; Eli 
Farrar and Frederick Brecht, of Company H. 



— 247 — 

Those who died at Danville were Thomas O. Crowl, of Com- 
pany C; Peter G. Reever, of Company D; John H. Baughman, 
of Company E. Samuel Burkheimer and George Matson, of 
Company G. 

Those who died at Salisbury, N. C, were John H. Brown of 
Company A; Sergeant Hinkle, of Company H. 

The prisoners were kept at Thomasville about two weeks. 
When Sherman began to move northward into South Carolina, 
they were sent back to Andersonville where they remained 
until the end of the. war. Among the last to leave this prison 
were some of the boys of the 87th Regiment. They were taken 
in the cars to Baldwin, Florida, and released. From there 
these barefooted men, weak, wan and emaciated from the cru- 
elties of the prison pen, marched to Jacksonville, Florida. A 
regiment of Union troops came out to meet them. When these 
returning soldiers, in their tattered garments, saw the Ameri- 
can flag again, the scenes that took place were both thrilling 
and pathetic. Stalwart men who had endured all the hardships 
of war and prison life, wept for joy. The colored soldiers at 
Jacksonville "welcomed them home." 

The thirty-one men of the regiment captured at Monocacy, 
July 9, 1864, mentioned on page 186 in this book, were marched 
under Confederate guards, after the battle, toward Washing- 
ton. During the engagement of Early's troops with part of 
the 6th Corps at the northern suburbs of the city, they were 
placed with other prisoners in an orchard while the shells from 
the Union guns passed over their heads. When Early retreat- 
ed across the Potomac, they were taken to Winchester, and 
from there marched up the A 'alley to Staunton where they 
were kept several days. On the march, a small quantity of 
flour, obtained from grist mills, was given each man for a day's 
ration. This was made into a paste, and baked on flat stones. 
From Staunton they were marched overland to Charlottsville, 
Virginia, and placed for a short time in a stockade. 

A few days later they were sent by rail to Lynchburg where 
they were drawn up in line and carefully searched. Every- 



— 248 — 

thing of value that could be found was taken from them. They 
were then moved to Danville, Virginia, and put in a large to- 
bacco warehouse, nearly full of prisoners. A number of them 
took sick. The medical attendance was poor and a number 
died of a fever. 

One day the doctor came in, mounted a stand and said: 

"If there is a man in this gang who is a good cook, I will 
get a position for him, if he gives me ten dollars in greenbacks. " 

Spangler Welsh, of Company F, held up his hand. After get- 
ting the money which he had sewed up in his clothes for safe 
keeping*, and giving it to the doctor, he was made chief cook in 
the hospital for Union prisoners. It was a pleasant relief from 
the confinement within the bleak walls of the prison pen, but he 
witnessed many sad sights in the hospitals. The sick who 
could be removed were paroled. 

One day the manager of a foundry came in and asked for 
machinists. Corporal Charles A. Laumaster and a few others 
held up their hands and soon were busy workmen in the shops 
at Danville where they got fairly good rations, but received no 
pay. The rest of the prisoners were soon sent to other prisons 
until the war ended. 

On September 24, 1864, while slightly in advance of the regi- 
ment, on the homeward march after the term of three years had 
expired, the following men were captured by Mosby's troops at 
Middletown, Virginia: Henry C. Ginter, William Denues and 
Henry C. Pentz, of Company A; Levi Mansberger, of Company 
B; William M. Wolf, of Company E; and Henry C. Spangler, 
of Company K. 

They were marched under guard through Snickers Gap to 
Culpepper, thence by Orange Court House to Richmond, and 
placed in prison on Belle Isle. From this place they were sen* 
to Salisbury, North Carolina, remaining there until February. 
1865, when they were sent to Camp Parole, at Annapolis. Thev 
were discharged in April, 1865. 

While at Richmond, these men received a piece of bacon, 
one inch thick and three inches square and a small "corn 



— 249 — 

dodger." as a ration one claw Occasionally what was called 
"bean soup,'* was furnished them at Salisbury. This prison 
was in an open three-acre held, surrounded by a stockade. 
When the 87th boys arrived, 9.500 Union soldiers were kept 
within this small enclosure. The prisoners were given a small 
piece of meat once a week. A pint of bean soup without salt, 
containing" about twenty beans, was often a day's ration for 
one man. On several occasions, the prisoners were without 
rations for three days. One of the prison keepers would amuse 
himself at times by throwing small pieces of tripe into the pris- 
on, and then watch the men scramble for them. A small slice 
of bread made from chopped corn with the cobs and often the 
husks mixed in, was one of the staples. 

On Dec. 18. 1864, a desperate effort was made to escape. 
The prisoners overpowered the guard of 20 armed men. then 
compelled the relief guard of the same number to surrender 
their arms. Forty muskets were at their command. Many of 
the prisoners had gotten outside. They were halted by a regi- 
ment of South Carolina troops, which had left the town by rail 
for the front, but were still lying on a railroad switch near Salis- 
bury. These troops at once fired upon the escaped prisoners, 
killing 30 and wounding 65. The prisoners fought hard with 
their 40 muskets until ammunition gave out. They killed the 
Confederate Colonel and 15 of his men, also wounded quite a 
number, but were compelled to return within the stockade until 
paroled. 

The prison experience of some of the officers of the regiment 
is given in a succeeding chapter on biography. 

George H. Maish. of York, received the following letter on 
September 12. 1864. from his brother, Captain Lewis Maish: 

Officers' Prison of War, 
Savannah, Ga., Aug. 17. 1864. 
Dear Brother: — We have been notified by the prison authori- 
ties here, that letters from us will be sent North. I take advan- 
tage of this opportunity to let you hear from me. I have enjoy- 



— 250 — 



ed pretty good health since a prisoner, and am getting along" 
fairly well. We have enough to eat in this camp and have shel- 
ter tents. Captains Fahs and Albright, and Lieutenants Bier- 
bower, Stallman, Morningstar and Stroman are here and are 
well. We are allowed to write only one page which is carefully 
examined before sent. 

Affectionately your brother, 

Lewis Maish. 



CHAPTER XVII. 



RETURN OF THE REGIMENT —RECEPTION AT YORK — MUSTERED OUT 
OF THE SERVICE COMMITTEES OF RECEPTION AND ENTERTAIN- 
MENT REGIMENTAL ASSOCIATION AND REUNIONS. 

The regiment encamped on Bolivar Heights overlooking the 
town of Harper's Ferry on the night of Sept. 25, 1864. They 
arrived there at 11 p. m.> from Winchester, having marched a 
distance of 32 miles, bringing with them 59 Confederate officers 
who had been captured at the battle of Fisher's Hill. 

Just as the tents were pitched on the heights, the moon 
came out from behind the clouds, and sent forth a flood of mel- 
low light over the camp of the returning soldiers and the hills 
and vales surrounding. It was an interesting scene. The night 
was calm and beautiful; the air cool and invigorating. It was 
a splendid time for a long sleep, after the toilsome march of the 
day, but the boys were in a reminiscent mood. Many sat by 
their tents in the gentle moonlight until morning dawned. 
They talked of the war, and its results; the army, and their ex- 
perience in it; the return home and the welcome awaiting them. 

The historic town below them, where John Brown had sound- 
ed the tocsin of war in 1859 was never again to fall into the 
hands of the enemy. The gallant Sheridan with his triumph- 
ant army, was driving armed forces of secession, for the last time 
from the far-famed Valley of Virginia, and Grant was pressing 
hard upon the army under Lee in front of the Confederate capi- 
tal. 

The place where the 87th spent the night, was familiar to 
them. Some had been there in 1863, under less favorable cir- 
cumstances, and the entire regiment had marched through the 
town several times during their term of service. 



— 252 — 

At 2 p. m. of the 26th, they boarded a train for home, and 
soon were passing over hallowed ground, along the placid Mo- 
nocacy. Here two months before, with chivalrous courage that 
had called forth the highest praise from the commanding gen- 
eral, they had assisted, as part of PJcketts' Division of the 6th 
Corps, in halting the invading foe, and saving the city of Wash- 
ington from Confederate hands. There was no time for reflec- 
tion here, for the train sped onward, and readied Baltimore at 
midnight. 

At 9:30 a. m. of the 27th they left over the Northern Central 
Railroad, for York. 

The news of their coming had reached the city by telegraph 
at 11 a. m. announcing their expected arrival at 1 o'clock. A 
public meeting of citizens was called in the Court House to 
make arrangements for their reception. There was not time 
enough to prepare a banquet for the returning soldiers. That 
part of the ceremony was postponed till the day the regiment 
was to be mustered out of the service. It was decided however, 
to give them a reception in Centre Square. At 1 130 p. m. the 
whistle of the locomotive announced the approach of the train. 
At that instant the stores and offices were closed, and a large 
crowd of people assembled at the railroad station. When the 
train entered the town, all the bells pealed forth a joyous wel- 
come, and cheer after cheer from a thousand throats made the 
welkin ring. 

Then came the waving of handkerchiefs, the warm handshak- 
ing, and the heartfelt greetings of friends and relatives. A. com- 
pany of the 201 st Pennsylvania Regiment, a squad of the Vet- 
eran Reserve Corps, the U. S. Hospital band and a committee 
of citizens, formed in line and began the march to Centre Square. 
Following these came the military band of the regiment, play- 
ing martial music with inspiriting effect, as it often had done on 
the march and in camp at the front. The battle flag of the 
regiment, now among the archives at Harrisburg, was but a 
remnant of what it was in 1861. A patriotic friend had painted 
on an ensign, the name of the leading battles in which the regi- 



— 253 — 

ment had taken part. Prominent were the words: Carter's 
Woods, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, 
Weldon Railway, Monocacy, Opequon and Fisher's Hill. The 
procession passed through the streets, amid the huzzas of the 
multitude, on the sidewalks, and the waving of handkerchiefs 
by the ladies in doorways and at the windows: Flags were dis- 
played all along the line of march, and the applause was kept up 
until the arrival at Centre Square. 

They were now on historic ground. In the old court house, 
which had stood on this spot. Continental Congress eighty- 
seven years before almost to the day, had passed the Articles 
of Confederation, embodying the principles for the government 
of a nation, which the statesmen and soldiers of the Revolution 
were then struggling- to establish on this continent. It was the 
honor, and the integrity of that nation, that the 87th Regiment 
had gone forth to defend and to perpetuate. 

Henry L. Fisher, of the York Bar, had been selected, in be- 
half of the citizens of the town and the county, to deliver the ad- 
dress of welcome. "For your three years of service," lie said, 
"you deserve the commendations and gratitude of all loyal men. 
You have shown your patriotism and your devotion to your 
country in the most practical way possible. We are proud of 
the laurels you have won, and your heroism is a credit to the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. W r e watched your career in 
the army, and sympathized with those whose friends have fallen 
in battle. Although we have not yet seen the end of the Re- 
bellion, you have nobly performed your duty, and your services 
will be recorded on the bright pages of history which shall 
chronicle the martial deeds of this era." 

Col. John W. Schall commander of the regiment since May, 
J 863, responded to the address of welcome in behalf of his com- 
rades. He said he wished to testify to the gallantry of the offi- 
cers and men, who had served under him. They had performed 
their duty like true soldiers in camp, on the march and on the 
field of battle. When he finished, three rousing cheers were 
given. The regiment then marched to the Fair Grounds which 



- 254 — 



was used as a headquarters until October 13 when it was mus- 
tered out. 

When the regiment was organized at York in 1861, it num- 
bered 1000 enlisted men, and thirty-eight commissioned officers. 
Forty-five recruits arrived while on the march through West 
Virginia, and about the same number came to the regiment in 
the spring of 1864. When in camp at Berry ville, Virginia, in 
September of the same year, 175 recruits were received. These 
together with the 180 re-enlisted men were consolidated into a 
battalion of five companies under command of Captain Edgar 
M. Ruhl, who was killed in the battle of Cedar Creek. 
The number that reiturned home with the regiment, at expira- 
tion of their three years' term of service, was about 250. 

Forty-five men of the regiment were in the United States 
Hospital at York, under treatment for sickness or from wounds 
received in battle One hundred and twenty men, and ten com- 
missioned officers were still held in the South as prisoners of 
war. Some of them were not paroled till the summer of 1865. 

Ten commissioned officers and ninety enlisted men of the 
regiment and battalion were killed or had died of wounds re- 
ceived in battle. One hundred and twelve men died of disease, 
accidents and in Southern prisons. The total list of deaths was 
two hundred and twelve. 

On Thursday afternoon, Oct. 13, 1864, at 2 o'clock, the regi- 
ment formed in line, on Market street between George and 
Beaver streets, and under an escort of a committee of arrange- 
ments, marched to a large chapel erected for the United States 
Hospital on the Public Common (now Penn Park). Here a 
committee of the ladies of York had prepared for them a splen- 
did banquet. 

As the soldiers entered the building, the hospital chaplain de- 
livered an address of welcome full of patriotic sentiment. Then 
the veterans were escorted to the two tables, each 170 feet long, 
extending through the entire length of the chapel. Upon the 
tables was spread a bountiful supply of the oest food the town 
and surrounding country afforded. The men partook of it, with 



— 255 — 



great relish and evident pleasure. It was an eventful occasion 
to the town of York. The committee of ladies who so success- 
fully prepared the feast received unbounded praise from the 
men who were so highly honored. At the conclusion of the 
banquet, toasts were responded to by Horace Bonham, John 
Gibson and James W. Latimer, of the York Bar, and by Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Stahle and Colonel Schall. At 5 p. m. of the 
same day the regiment was mustered out of the service. 

The following is a list of the committees for the reception and 
■entertainment of the 87th Regiment: 



General Committee. 



Mrs. George A. Heekert. 

Mrs. D. A. Rupp. 

Mrs. David Rupp. 

Miss Louisa Durkee. 

Miss Amelia Kurtz. 

Mrs. Krout, 

Mrs. Samuel Weiser 

Miss Ann Funk. 

Miss Ellen Funk. 

Mrs. M. B. Spahr. 

Mrs. Wm Keller. 

Miss Amanda Fahs. 

Miss Sue Chalfant. 

Miss Eliza Smyser. 

Miss Carrie Hay. 

Miss Jennie Templeman. 

Mrs. John A. Weiser. 

Mrs. Elea'a Baumgardner. 

Mrs. Israel Laucks. 

Mrs. George L. Jacoby. 

Mrs. S. Myers, (Frys'wn). 

Mrs. D. Gosman. 

Miss Jane Fulton. 

Mrs Jane Smyser. 

Mrs. D. E. Small. 

Mrs. Fulton. 

Mrs. M. Hiestand, (Fry'n). 
Mrs. E. H. Weiser. 
Miss Jane Latimer. 
Miss Sarah Fahs. 
Mrs. Mary Weigel. 
Mrs. Michael Kraber. 



Mrs. H. A. Hantz. 

Mrs. C. Underwood. 

Mrs. Jacob Quickel. 

Mrs. J. C. Deininger. 

Miss Annie Zimmerman. 

Mrs. George Upp. 

Miss Sally Small. 

Mrs. Jane King 

Mrs. George Eisenhart. 

Miss Sue Spangler. 

Mrs. Henry Lanius. 

Mrs. Dr. Shaeffer. 

Mrs. D. S. Wagner. 

Miss Annie Lanius. 

Miss Annie Kauffelt, 

Mrs. Henry Small. 

Mrs. Charles Billmeyer. 

Mrs. H. H. Adams (Frvs'n). 

Mrs. A. Leitner. 

Miss Ellen Myers. 

Miss Mary Prince. 

Mrs. D. 0. Prince. 

Miss Kate Garrison. 

Mrs. Alex. Underwood. 

Mrs. George Wogan. 

Miss Maria Underwood. 

Miss Annie King. 

Miss Ellen Moore 

Miss Helen Weiser. 

Miss Martha Johnson. 

Miss Rebecca Brickley. 

Miss Annie Hantz. 



2^6 



Miss Sally Weiser. 

Miss Annie Wogian. 

Miss Fanny Upp. 

Miss Annie Ilgeniritz. 

Miss Sopiiy Gressly. 

Miss Ellie Fahs. 

Miss Lizzie Barnitz. 

Miss Fanny Tyler. 

Miss Martha Kerr. 

Miss Emma Baumgardner. 

Miss Mary Beitzel. 

Miss Ellen Smyser of E. G. 

Miss Julia Baugher. 

Miss Ellen Smyser of Jos. 

Miss Kate Wanbaugdi. 

Miss Lydia Kraber. 

Miss Emma Stough. 

Miss Mary Prick. 

George A. Heckert. 

D. E. Small. 
W. H. Griffith. 

E. G. Smyser. 
David Laumaster. 



Hon. .Peter M'Intyre. 

Samuel Small, Sr. 

Jacob Spangler, (Cooper), 

Lewis Carl. 

S. R. Slaymaker. ' 

Alexander Underwood. 

John Gibson. 

A. J. Frey. 

E. H. Weiser. 

William A. Stahle. 

William Hay. 

J. C. E. Moore. 

Ed. Wantz, (Frystown). 

Horace Bonham. 

Dr. C. H. Bressler. 

William H. Jordan. 

John M. Brown. 

Br. Jacob Hay. 

George H. Maish. 

Win. B. Drift. 

George Smyser. 

C. A. Klinefelter. 



General Committee of Arrangements. 



Mrs. George A. Heckert. 

Mrs. D. Rupert. 

Mrs. Samuel Weiser. 

Mrs. George Eisenhart. 

Mrs. Mary Weigle. 

Mrs. Sarah Myers. 

Mrs Daniel A. Bnpp. 
Miss Amelia Kurtz. 

Mrs. D. E. Small. 



George A. Heckert. 
Samuel Small. 

D. E. Small. 

E. G. Smyser. 
E. H. Weiser. 
J. C. E. Moore. 

Jacob Spangler. (Cooper) 
Hon. Peter Mclntyre. 
A. J. Frey. 



Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 



Collecting Committee for Freystown 



Sarah Myers. 

Fulton. 

D. Gosman. 

Mary Hiestand. 



Miss Sarah Flory. 
Miss Bebecca Wilhelm. 
Hyman H. Adams. 
Edward AA'antz. 



Mrs. H. H. Adams. 



Collecting Committee for Liverpool. 



Miss Clara Gross. 
Miss Cal. Spahr. 
Miss Sonhia Shuman. 



John Drayer. 
Henry Myers. 
Jacob Earner 



Collecting Committees for the Borough. 



First Ward. 
Miss Helen Weiser. 
Miss Martha Johnson. 
Miss Annie Hantz. 
Miss Rebecca Brickley. 
Miss Rebecca Patton. 

Second Ward. 
Miss Annie Lanius. 
Miss Annie Kauffelt. 
Miss Annie Wogan. 
Miss Fanny Upp. 

Third Ward. 
Miss Annie Ilgenfritz. 
Miss Sophy Gressly. 



Miss Ellen Fahs. 
Miss Eliza Barnitz. 

Fourth Ward. 
Miss Fanny Tyler. 
Miss Martha Kerr. 
Miss Mary Beitzel. 
Miss Ellen Moore. 
Miss Ellen Smyser of E. G. 

Fifth Ward. 
Miss Ellie Smyser. 
Miss Kate Wanbaugh. 
Miss Lydia Kraber. 
Miss Mary Frick. 
Miss Emma Stough. 



Committee on Toasts, Music, etc. 

William Hay. James Latimer. 

E. H. Weiser. John Gibson. 

Horace Bonham. W. H. Griffith. 



Coma 

Miss Annie Funk. 
Mrs. Jane Smyser. 
Miss Amanda C. Fahs. 
Mrs. A. Underwood. 
Mrs. C. Garrets on. 
Miss Eliza Smyser. 

Committee 

Miss Louisa Durkee. 
Miss Jane Fulton. 
Mrs. Br- Shaeffer. 



ee on Ice Cream. 

Miss Annie Kauffelt. 
Mrs. E. C. Epley. 
Miss Fanny Upp. 
David E. Small. 
Georg'e Wantz. 
E. G. Smyser. 

on Table Linen. 

Mrs. M. B. Spahr. 
Miss Jane Templeton. 
Mrs. John A. Weiser. 



Committee on Coffee. 

Mrs. Fulton. Mrs. Quickel. 

Mrs. Samuel Weiser. Mrs. George Wog-an. 

Mrs. Kraut. Mrs. H. A. Hantz. 

Mrs. Sarah Myers. Mrs. H. Lanius. 

Committee on Building Tables. 

David Laumaster. John M. Brown. 

Alex. Underwood. William A. Stahle. 

W. B. Drit. Alexander J. Frey. 

16 



2 


5° — 


Committee 


on Carving. 


E. Slaymaker.. 


William Smith. 


D. A. Eupp. 


Dr. John Hay. 


C. A. Klinefelter. 


J. C. E. Moore. 


W. H. Griffith. 


Alexander J. Frey. 


Willi q'tti T, ^mnll 


Hiram \onug*. 


Hon. Peter MTntyre. 


George W. YVantz. 


Dr. C. H. Bressler. 


John Friek. 


E. H. Weiser. 


Georg'e Eisenhart. 


Lewis Carl. 


B. H. Weiser. 


•Jacob Spangier. (Cooper). 


James Kell. 


Committee on Decorations. 


B. H. Weiser. Chairman. 


Miss Sarah Fahs. 


Miss Ellen Funk. 


Miss Martha Kerr. 


Miss Amanda C. Fahs. 


Miss Ellen Mvers. 


Miss Julia Baugher. 


Miss Mary Tyler. 


Miss Sue Chalfant. 


Miss L. A. Durkee. 


Miss Annie Lanius. 


Wm. Jordan. 


Miss Mary Evans. 


Daniel Rudy. 


Miss Sue Thornbury. 


Daniel A. Stillinger. 


Miss Dora Brown. 


John Gibson. 


Miss Maria Underwood. 


William Hay. 


Miss Belle Connelle. 


J. C. E. Moore. 


MissEllen Sinyser.ofEG 


W. H. Gri mth. 


Miss Kitty Fisher. 


W illiam Gilberthorp. 


Miss Ellen Moore. 


Horace Bonham. 


Miss Eliza Smyser. 


George Smyser. 


Miss Fanny Tyler. 


C. A. Hantz. 


Receiving 


Committee. 


Mrs. D. A. Eupp. 


Mrs. A. Light ner. 


Miss Annie King-. 


Mrs. J. Hiestand. 


Miss Sue Chalfant. 


Mrs. I. Loucks. 


Mrs. G. L. Jacoby. 


Mrs. E. Baumgardner. 


Miss Louisa Durkee. 


Mrs. J. C. Deininger. 


Mrs. B. H. Weiser. 


Mrs. W. Smith. 


Mrs. Dr. Blair. 


Mrs. D. 0. Prince. 


Mrs. S. Oswald. 


Miss Annie King 1 . 


Mrs. C. Billmeyer. 




Committee 


on Flowers. 


Miss A. C- Fahs. 


Miss Julia Demuth. 


Miss Sue Small. 


Miss Eliza Smyser. 


Miss Jane Latimer. 


Miss Amelia Kurtz, M. 


Miss Betty Lauman. 





— 259 — 



Committee on Dishes. 



Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 



David Small. 
D. A. Kupp. 
Martin Weigle. 
D. S. Wao-ner. 



Miss Sue SpangTer. 
Miss Sallie Small. 
Mrs. Georg-e Eisenhart. 



Committee ox Knives and Forks. 



Mrs. G. L. Jacoby. 
Miss Mary Prince. 



Miss Jane King. 

Miss Annie Zimmerman. 



Committee to Arrange Table. 

Mrs. Daniel Rupert. Mrs. D. Gosinan- 

Mrs. George Upp. Mrs. E. H. We' .er. 

Miss Amelia Kurtz. Mrs. William Keller. 

Mrs. M. Kraber. Miss Jane Latimer. 



Regimental Association and Reunions. 



A meeting was held June 2, 1887, at the office of Captain W. 
K. Lanius, for the purpose of forming a survivors' association 
of the members of the 87th Regiment. 

Col. James A. Stable was elected chairman of this meeting 
and Michael Smyser, secretary- A committee of three, Lieu- 
tenant B. F. Frick, Captain James H. Blasser and Owen Davis, 
was appointed to nominate officers for the organization. They 
reported the following ticket, which was unanimously elected: 

President, Col. J. YY. Schall; Vice President, Cols. C. H. 
Buehler, James A. Stahle and Captain W. H. Lanius ; Secretary, 
Michael Smyser; Treasurer, C. H. Stallman. On motion, the 
President then appointed an Executive Committee composed 
of Captains J. H. Blasser and John Albright, and H. C. Ginter, 
B. F. Frick ancl Michael Smyser. 

A letter was read from Col. Buehler, requesting that a re- 
union of the survivors of the regiment be held at Gettysburg, 
July 12, 1887. Captain Lanius w r as appointed to communicate 
with Col. Buehler in relation to the proposed reunion. It was 
held in Gettysburg on the day mentioned. 

At this meeting, the following officers were elected for the 
permanent organization: President, Col. John W. Schall; Vice 



— 260 

Presidents, Cols. James A. Stahle, James Tearney, C. H. Bueh- 
ler, and Captains John Fahs and John Albright; Secretary, Ma- 
jor F. I. Thomas. 

The members of the Executive Committee for the year were: 
Company A, Charles Z. Denues, Howard F. Andrews; Com- 
pany B, Michael Heiman, Albert Roat; Company C, Captains 
Cross and Saylor; Company D, James Beck, Jacob H. 
Henschke; Company E, B. J. King and S. B. Gray; Company 

F, Charles E. Armor, W. D. Holzworth; Company G, Daniel 
Stine and Jacob Shultz; Company H, Alexander Sibbet, Jacob 
H. Hoffer. September 24, 1888, was decided upon as the time 
for the next meeting of the association. 

The second reunion was a great success, and the day was 
one of the most eventful in the history of York. The autumn 
weather was ideal, and the occasion was of so much interest as 
to attract a large number of people to the city to witness the 
parade of the veteran soldiers and attend the exercises of the 
association. At 1 p. m. the regimental band marched to the 
headquarters at the office of Captain Lanius, playing a tune 
familiar to all the soldiers. It was the signal for loud cheer- 
ing which aroused great enthusiasm, and called for still other 
selections. 

The veterans then assembled in the hall of- Sedgwick Post, 

G. A. R., where Colonel Schall presided at a business meeting. 
Chaplain Eberhart offered a prayer, Major Thomas read the 
minutes of the previous meeting. The officers were re-elected. 
Captain Cross, of the committee on arrangements, reported that 
he and his associates had done everything they possibly could 
to make their comrades happy while in the city. They receiv- 
ed a vote of thanks for their efforts. 

Captain Lanius made a motion which was adopted that a com- 
mittee of five be appointed to communicate with the different 
commands of the First Brigade of the 3d Division of the 6th 
Army Corps, with a view of erecting a brigade monument on 
the battlefield of Monocacy. Captain Maish, of Minneapolis, 



26l 

Minnesota, presented the association with a portrait of Colonel 
Hay. 

Lieutenant C. H. Stallman was chosen treasurer, and Cap- 
tain Blasser was made corresponding- secretary of the commit 
tee of arrangements. 

The order was given at 2 p. m. to "fall in," and the parade 
that followed was an interesting feature of the reunion. A 
quarter of a century had passed since these veteran soldiers had 
marched together on the plains of Virginia. Colonels Schall, 
Tearney, Stahle, and Major Ruhl, were on horseback. The 
band and drum corps followed them. Captain Fahs was in 
command of Company A; Captain Maish of Company B; Cap- 
tain Cross of Company C; Captain Blasser of Company D; 
Lieutenant Strickler of Company E. Captain Morningstar of 
Company G; Sergeant Sheads of Company F; Captain Lanius 
of Company I. and Captain Albright of Company K. 

The dress parade took place in Centre Square. The regimen- 
tal flag, a souvenir of the war, attracted much attention. This 
historic banner had been carried to the front in battle by color- 
bearers William Brubaker, J. H. Moorehead, Pius D. Miller, 
J. J. Keesey and Daniel P. Reigle. The last named was color- 
sergeant at this parade. He had won distinction for his brav- 
ery at the battle of Cedar Creek. 

In the evening the Court House was filled with an audience 
of ladies and gentlemen, eager to listen to the exercises. 
Mayor Noell, of York, delivered an eloquent address of wel- 
come, which breathed forth a spirit of lofty patriotism. 

Captain W. H. Lanius responded to the Mayor's address. In 
the course of his speech he said: "If there was one honor more 
that could be added to the achievements of the 87th Regiment, 
it would be to have 'Gettysburg' inscribed upon our battle flag. 
But without the battle near Winchester June 15, 1863, and the 
stubborn resistance of Milroy's band of 7,000 men, in fighting 
the moving columns of Lee's invading army, the battle between 
Meade and Lee might have taken place elsewhere with different 
results." This statement brought forth enthusiastic applause. 



— 262 — 



The large audience joined the soldiers in singing patriotic 
songs. They were sung with so much spirit, that the wave 
sounds in passing through the open windows of the old Court 
House, were heard all over York. 

A letter to Colonel Stahle from Colonel Ball, of the I22d 
Ohio Regiment, was then read, in which he said: "I should be 
glad to attend your meeting- and grasp the hands of the boys of 
your regiment, who served with us in the campaign around 
Winchester in 1863. I remember your splendid charge at 
Carter's Woods, when my boys returned from a retreat to 
support your regiment. I remember with real affection, my old 
friend Colonel Hay, also Colonel Schall, yourself and the other 
officers of the 87th Pennsylvania. The toils and dangers of the 
Civil War bound the Union soldiers together with a tie strong 
as steel and lasting as life." 

A long letter from General J. Warren Keifer, of Springfield, 
Ohio, contained the following: "Though your regiment was 
not in my command, I saw much of it during- the campaigns of 
1863 and 1864, and I know its history well. Xo more chival- 
rous regiment served in the war, and this is saying- much, be- 
cause almost universally, the Union troops were gallant men. 
Our hopeless struggle around Winchester in June, 1863, held 
back Ewell's Corps, of Lee's Army, three days which enabled 
Meade, to select the historic battlefield of Gettysburg and win 
a victory. For your valor and your conduct in battle, you 
deserve the highest praise. I cannot enlarge this letter into 
a history of your regiment, which, if fully written, will make an 
interesting volume. Give the comrades of the 87th my hearty 
thanks for their kind invitation to attend the reunion." 

Colonel Stahle read a well-prepared historical sketch of the 
regiment. This was followed by short speeches from Colonels 
bchall and Tearney, Captain Lewis Maish and Sergeant Gard- 
ner. The last named came 4000 miles to attend the reunion. 

General R. H. Milroy, in answer to a teleoram, wrote to 
Colonel Schall from his home at Olympia, Washingon State, a 
long letter, in which he said: 



— 263 — 

"Over one-fourth of a century has passed since you par- 
ticipated with me in the war to save the Union's life. Among 
the regiments in my command, I can truthfully say, none was 
better drilled and disciplined, or was more reliable in battle, 
than the 87th Pennsylvania. This was. owing to the intelligence 
and ability of its officers, and good material of its composition. 

"You say in your telegraphic greeting, that you trust 'the 
day is near at hand, when history shall record my true position 
in the train of circumstances which lost us Winchester, but 
secured Gettysburg.' Truth often rises too late for justice, 
but this fact is now conceded, that our three days' fighting 
around Winchester, helped General Meade to select his posi- 
tion at Gettysburg, and win the battle, which was the turning 
point of the war. This is cheering consolation to me in the 
sunset of my life. Remember me kindly to the brave comrades 
of the 87th Regiment." General Milroy died at Olympia in 
1890, aged 74 years. 

At the reunion held in 1889, a banquet was served to all the 
comrades in attendance at the Park Opera House. Colonel 
Levi Maish was master of ceremonies, and Lieutenant B. F. 
Frick led the music, at the camp fire, which followed the ban- 
quet. The old 87th Band, under the leadership of Captain 
W'illiam Frey, discoursed some excellent music. After a short 
speech by Colonel Maish, he introduced Major General Hart- 
ranft, who was an invited guest. Short speeches were also 
made by Captains Geise, Lanius, Reisinger, Major McNair, W. 
H. Griffith, E. W r . Spangler, Dr. B. F. Spangler and Dr. 
M. J. McKinnon. 

''The reunion of 1890, at Highland Park," says the York 
Gazette, ''filled the breast of every visitor with patriotic emo- 
tions. The day was beautiful and the attendance very large. 
The early trains brought the veterans to town. At nine o'clock 
a. m. they formed in line, marched through town and then took 
the cars for the Park. At 12.30 p. m. Colonel Thomas J. Stew- 
art and Colonel Schall arrived. The dinner served by W. H. 
H. Welsh & Brother was a bountiful repast." 



At the meeting. Captain Geise delivered the address of wel- 
come; Chaplain Eberhart followed with a touching' speech on 




SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT, PENN PARK, YORK, PA. 

the deceased members of the regiment, among- whom were 



— 265 — 

Major Ruhl, who had lately died; Miss Sadie S. Stahle, daugh- 
ter of the Colonel, read "Sheridan's Ride," and was enthus- 
iastically applauded. Colonel Thomas J. Stewart, of the 138th 
Pennsylvania Regiment, spoke eloquently of the fallen heroes 
of the war. 

The reunion of 1897, held in York, was an interesting event. 
The reception committee was composed of Captains Lanius and 
Fahs, Lieutenant Stallman, James B. Beck, Michael Smyser, 
Frederick Breidling, John C. Hoffman, Charles Z. Denues and 
Reuben Slouch. One hundred and sixty members of the regi- 
ment enrolled at the headquarters in the Hartley Building. 
Twelve members of the old 87th band played the familiar tunes 
of war times while the comrades shook hands and exchanged 
congratulations. About 1 p. m. the soldiers formed in line and 
marched out West Market to Hartley street where they took 
the trolley cars for Highland Park. The officers who com- 
manded the regiment were present. Colonel Schall, one of the 
heroes of Cold Harbor, Colonel Stahle who gallantly led his 
men at Monocacy, and Colonel Tearney who commanded the 
battalion in the assault on the works at Petersburg, rode at the 
head of the column. They were followed in order by Chaplain 
Eberhart, Mother Schultz and the color guard. The companies 
were all represented. Some were commanded by an old officer; 
others by a sergeant, or a corporal. When Colonel Schall gave 
the command, " Forward, march," the band struck up "John 
Brown's Body. Color Sergeant Daniel P. Reigle proudly 
carried the veteran banner which had been presented to him by 
his comrades at the end of the war. 

At 2 p. m. a business meeting was held in the Auditorium at 
the park. The officers chosen were the following: President, 
Colonel Schall; Vice Presidents, Captains Adair, Fahs, Lanius 
and Cross, and Colonels Stahle and Tearney; Recording Secre- 
tary, Major Thomas; Corresponding Secretary, Captain Blas- 
ser; Treasurer, Lieutenant Stallman. The president appointed 
the following members as the executive committee. Captains 



— 266 — 



Lanius and Blasser, Lieutenant Frick, Calvin Gilbert, John Mc- 
Laughlin, Charles Z. Denues and A. J. Rudolph. 

At the business meeting Lieutenant B. F. Frick made a mo- 
tion which was unanimously agreed to that Major F. I. Thomas, 
Captain Lanius, Colonel Stahle, Captain Blasser and J. C. Hoff- 
man be appointed a committee to have prepared and published 
a complete History of the 87th Regiment. 

A dress parade in charge of Colonel Tearnev was held at 5 
p. m. After the parade the soldiers were all invited to the ban- 
quet hall. At the camp fire which followed, there were a num- 
ber of short addresses and the 87th quintette, composed of 
Messrs. Frick, Lanius, Fahs, Lutz and Zorger entertained their 
comrades with some fine music. 

At this reunion John C. Hoffman, of Company G, supervising 
principal of the Garfield school, of York, Pa., read an original 
poem of 140 stanzas, entitled, 'The Gallant Eighty-seventh," 
written in the measure and rhythm of Longfellow's ''Excelsior." 
It takes up the leading incidents and events in the history of 
the regiment and is full of happy hits, quaint humor and touch- 
ing pathos. The poem has real merit and is a valuable souvenir. 

A poem written by Miss Emma E. Allen, a teacher in the pub- 
lic schools of York was recited by Miss Flora I. Crider at the 
exercises in the afternoon. It was full of patriotic sentiment 
and was highly appreciated. 

The project to prepare a history of the regiment was not 
taken up until January, 1900, when Captain W. H. Lanius gave 
it thoughtful consideration. He procured official documents- 
and the regimental papers from Colonel Schall, and invited thtr 
author of the work to look carefully through them for material 
for the proposed history. Circulars were then printed and sent,, 
by him as chairman of the committee, to all surviving comrades,, 
whose addresses could be obtained,inviting them to furnish such 
information as they had at command. Members of the regi- 
ment were also invited to a room in the office of the York 
Trust Company, of which he is President, to consult with the 
writer, and give whatever assistance they could. To Captain 



CAPTAIN W. H. LANIUS. 



\ 



Lanius is largely due the credit of furnishing the conditions by 
winch the "History of the 87th Regiment'" has appeared in its 
present form. 

Captain John Fahs, of Company A, and Lieutenant Charles H. 
Stallman, of Company C, were added to the committee mention- 
ed above and rendered efficient aid and assistance in the prepa- 
ration of the work. 

The entire committee deserve the highest praise for the com- 
mendable zeal displayed and for the effort put forth to make the 
book worthy the name of a history. 

In the Spring of 1900, a reunion of 150 members of the 87th 
was held in York. Major Goldsborough, of Frederick, Mary- 
land, delivered a lecture on "The Battle of Monocacy." After 
this feature, the veterans were invited, by Captain Lanius, to 
a splendid banquet in the Knights of St. Paul's Hall. It was 
an interesting and enjoyable meeting. 

The handsome monument shown on a preceding page 
stands on an elevated spot in Perm Park at York. It was dedi- 
cated on June 15, 1898, to the patriotism, valor and achieve- 
ments of the soldiers and sailors who served in the Civil War 
from York County. On this site the different companies of the 
87th Regiment first went into camp 111 the summer of 1861. 

This monument, designed by J. A. Dempwolf and his brother 
Rhinehart Dempwolf, is built of Vermont granite. It is sixty- 
five feet high, and is surmounted by a statue of Victory, with a 
sword and a wreath in her uplifted right hand, while her left 
hand is resting on a shield. E. W. Spangler, of the Yo>rk bar 
presided at the dedicatory ceremonies and Rev. E. T. Jeffers of 
the York Collegiate Institute, delivered the oration. Under act 
of the State Legislature, the monument was paid for by the 
County Commissioners. 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



BIOGRAPHICAL. 



Colonel George Hay was born in York, August i, 1809, of 
Scotch-Irish and German ancestors, who came to this country 
with the early settlers of York county. After obtaining his ed- 
ucation in the schools of his native town, he engaged in the 
business of a cabinetmaker and undertaker, which he followed 
with success for many years. He became interested in mili- 
tary affairs in his boyhood, and had a large experience in drill- 
ing companies in the militia service. When the war opened 
he was captain of the York Rifles, an organization which was 
noted for its fine appearance and good training. On April 19, 
1 86 1, seven days after Fort Sumter was fired upon and in re- 
sponse to the first call for troops, Captain Hay and his com- 
pany were sworn into the three months' service, as Company 
K in the 2d Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and served 
under General Robert Patterson in the Shenandoah Valley. At 
the expiration of this term of service, July 27, 1861, they re- 
turned to York, and were welcomed home by the ringing of 
bells, firing of cannon, public speeches and a banquet. On 
August 19, he began to recruit a regiment for the three years' 
service, and on September 25, 1861, was commissioned its 
Colonel. This command was originally called the Thomas A. 
Scott Regiment, but the name was changed after a few months 
of service, to the 87th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. 
While performing guard duty along the Northern Central Rail- 
road Colonel Hay instituted regulations which soon made his 
regiment quite proficient in drill and discipline. He looked 
with zealous interest after the health and comfort of his men, 



— 2og — 

and carefully watched the sanitary condition of the camp and 
winter quarters. During the fall and winter of 1862, he com- 
manded his regiment in the hard marches across the hills and 
mountains of West Virginia in pursuit of Imboden's guerrilas. 
This duty over-taxed his physical energy, and he was com- 
pelled to rest for a time at Beverly, when he was put in com- 
mand of that post. He was temporarily in command of a bri- 
gade of Milroy's Division while the regiment was in camp at 
Clarksburg, West Virginia. After spending nearly a month in 
rest and recuperation, at his home in York, Colonel Hay re- 
turned to his regiment, December 6, 1862. During the en- 
campment at Winchester, Virginia, in the spring of 1863, he 
succeeded General Cluseret in command of the 1st Brigade, 
2d Division, 8th Army Corps, and held that position for nearly 
two months. In May 1863, when the regiment was sent on an 
expedition with other troops to Webster, W r est Virginia, owing 
to impaired health Colonel Hay tendered his resignation which 
was accepted and he was discharged on surgeon's certifi- 
cate, and returned to his home at York. An account of what 
took place when he resigned his command will be found on page 
61 in this book. During the remainder of its term of service, 
he took a deep interest in the regiment, and on three occasions 
visited it in the field. Colonel Hay was married in 1830 to Sus- 
an Demuth. Two of their five children survived him when he 
died May 24, 1879 — Mrs. Amanda Leber and Mrs. Clara Kain, 
(since deceased). His grand children are: George Hay 
Leber, Edward Leber, Helen Demuth Leber, Susan Crull 
Leber and George Hay Kain. 

Colonel John W. Schall (now a Brigadier General of the 
National Guard), son of Hon. David and Catherine (Audy) 
Schall, was born June 22, 1834, in Berks County, Pa. The 
Schalls are descendants of a prominent French Huguenot fam- 
ily that was driven from France by the religious persecution 
following the revocation of the edict of Nantes. Members of 
this family came to America in 1748, and settled in Pennsylva- 



nia. Colonel Schall grew to manhood in his native county, and 
obtained his preliminary education in private schools at Trappe 
and Norristown, Pa. He then pursued an extended course of 
advanced studies in the military academy at Norwich, Vermont. 
After graduation, he was connected, for several years, with an 
engineer corps under John C. Trautwine. Later he embarked 
in the dry goods business at York, Pa., where he became a mem- 
ber and First Lieutenant of the York Rifles commanded by 
Captain George Hay. This Company enlisted in a body at the 
opening of the Civil War, and was one of the first companies to 
enter the service fully armed and equipped. For this prompt 
action they were afterward awarded medals by the State of 
Pennsylvania, having been mustered into the service to date 
April 19, 1861. At the expiration of their term of enlistment 
for three months, Lieutenant Schall returned to York, and or- 
ganized a company for the three years' service. About 
this time, authority was given, by the Secretary of 
War, to Dr. Alexander Small, to organize a regiment 
at York and at the same time appointing John W. 
Schall, Colonel, which position he declined recommending the 
appointment of George Hay as Colonel and accepting the Lieu- 
tenant Colonelcy. He commanded the regiment in part of the 
campaign in West Virginia in the winter of 1862, and on May 
9, 1863. was commissioned Colonel, upon the resignation of 
Colonel Hay. He was in command of all the troops in the en- 
gagement at Newtown, June 12, 1863, and while bravely riding 
at the head of his regiment in a charge on the enemy at Carter's 
W T oods, June 15, had a horse shot under him. He partici- 
pated with his command, then serving in the Third Brigade, 
Third Division, Third Army Corps, in the engagements at Ma- 
nasses Gap, Bealton Station, Kelly's Ford and Brandy Station. 
For several months of the winter of 1863-4, Colonel Schall was at 
a hospital in Washington for medical treatment returning to his 
regiment April 7, T864, shortly after the reorganization of the 
Army of the Potomac, when the 87th Regiment was placed in 
the First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps. He was 



— 271 — 

in charge of his regiment in the battle of the Wilderness. On 
May 9. 1864. when General Morris, standing beside him. was 
wounded at Spottsylvania, Colonel Schall succeeded that offi- 
cer in command of the Third Brigade, holding that position for 
several days during the engagements around Spottsylvania, mi- 
ni Colonel Truex, a senior officer arrived. When the general 
assault of the army was made on the Confederate works at 
Cold Harbor, Tune 1, 1864, Colonel Schall was corps officer 
of the day, but after Colonel Truex was wounded in that charge. 
Colonel Schall again succeeded to the command of the First 
Brigade. In the forenoon of June 3, being the third day of the 
battle of Cold Harbor, he was wounded in the arm, but remain- 
ed at his post of duty till in the afternoon. His wound dis- 
abled him for active service until the middle of July when he 
returned to his regiment just before it joined the army under 
General Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, and commanded 
it in the engagement at Charlestown, and in the great battles 
of Opequon and Fisher's Hill. The term of three years having 
expired. Colonel Schall returned with the regiment to York and 
was mustered out Oct. 13, 1864. Before leaving the army 
General James B. Ricketts. commanding the Third Division of 
the Sixth Corps, wrote him the following commendation: 

"Your term of service having expired, with that of your gal- 
lant ^egiment. I cannot part with you without some expression 
of my high appreciation of your faithful services. Always zeal- 
ous and reliable, you have shown the best qualities of a soldier 
which would bring certain promotion had you determined to 
remain in the Corps, which you have ornamented by your distin- 
guished conduct throughout the arduous campaigns since cross- 
ing the Rapidan on May 1. 

"I particularly recall your gallantry at Cold Harbor, when 
commanding a brigade, and wounded, you nobly refused to 
leave the field, and in the Valley when you shared in our glor- 
ious victories at Opequon and Fisher's Hill. I part with regret 
"from so good a soldier, and wish you every success in your fu- 
ture life." 



— 272 — 

After the war Colonel Schall engaged in the iron business at 
Norristown, Pa., where he has since resided. He served as 
Colonel of the Sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers in the war with 
Spain, and was in command of the Second Brigade, Second Di- 
vision, Second Army Corps for five months. 

Lieutenant Colonel James A. Stahle was born in West 
Manchester township, York county, Pennsylvania, January ii f 
1830, and obtained his education in the public schools and the 
York County Academy. He learned the printer's trade, which 
he followed for a time, and then conducted a merchant tailoring 
establishment. From 1858 to 1861 he was the agent for Adams 
Express Company at York. Early in life he became interested 
in military affairs, and made a diligent study of tactics. Dur- 
ing the Spring months of 1861, he organized the Ellsworth 
Zouaves. Under his drill and training it became a noted mili- 
tary organization which on August 24, 1861, was mustered 
into the service as Company A of the 87th Regiment. On 
January 1, 1863, Captain Stahle was promoted to Major of this 
legiment, and on May 9, 1863, upon the retirement of Colonel 
Hay, he succeeded John W. Schall as Lieutenant Colonel. He 
participated with his command in the marches across the West 
Virginia Mountains, and in the campaign around Winchester 
in 1862 and 1863. During Colonel Schall's absence at the hos- 
pital, he commanded the regiment in the Mine Run campaign, 
and part of the time when the army was in winter quarters at 
Brandy Station, Va. While General B. F. Smith was absent 
in the winter of 1863-4, Colonel Stahle was temporarily in com- 
mand of the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 3d Army Corps. He par- 
ticipated with his regiment in the Wilderness Campaign, and 
on June 1, 1864, when Colonel Truex was wounded and Colo- 
nel Schall had succeeded that officer as brigade commander, 
he led the 87th in the general charge of the army on the Con- 
federate lines at Cold Harbor, when it captured many prisoners, 
and advanced and held a position beyond the first line of the 
enemy's works. During the night that followed, he was at the 



— 273 — 

head of the regiment lying on the ground with Corporal Ziegler 
of Company F when he received the information that his com- 
mand should fall back at once, as it had lost its support on the 
right and left. He had charge of the 87th in the engagements 
along the Weldon Railroad, in front of Petersburg and displayed 
marked courage and ability as its commander in the battle of 
Monocacy. Soon after the return of the regiment at the end of 
its three years' term of service, Colonel Stable was appointed, 
deputy collector of revenue at York, and held that position un- 
der Presidents Lincoln, Grant, Hayes, Garfield and Arthur.. 
In 1894 be was elected to Congress as a Republican to repre- 
sent the 19th District of Pennsylvania whose normal Demo- 
cratic majority is 5000 votes. He has devoted much time to 
agriculture and horticulture, and spends the years of his re- 
tirement from public life near Emigsville, a few miles north 
of York. 

Major Charles H. Buehler was born Feb. 9, 1825, at Get- 
tysburg, Pa., where his father, Samuel H. Buehler, had been: 
a druggist, and was also treasurer of Pennsylvania College, 
and one of the founders of the Theological Seminary in that 
town. In April, 1861, he responded to the first call for troops 
by raising a company for the three months' service. His com- 
pany was assigned to the 2d Regiment Pennsylvania Volun- 
teers. Soon after the expiration of this term of service, Cap- 
tain Buehler was chosen major of the 87th Regiment, receiv- 
ing his commission September 14, 1861. He served with the 
regiment during the encampment along the Northern Central 
Railroad, and accompanied it on the marches through the 
mountain regions of West Virginia in pursuit of Imboden's- 
guerrillas. On Christmas day, 1862, he was discharged from 
service in the 87th Regiment, to accept promotion as Colonel 
of the 165th Pennsylvania, a nine months' regiment whose 
members were largely composed of citizens of his native 
county. 

Colonel Buehler was a fine looking soldier, and was welt 
17 



- 274 — 

posted in military affairs. He was an excellent disciplinarian 
and was popular with his men. In i860 he married Miss Anna 
Fahnestock, of Gettysburg, who accompanied her husband 
-during much of the time he served as major of the 87th. After 
the close of the war Colonel Buehler engaged in the coal and 
lumber business in Gettysburg, and was also agent for Adams 
Express Company for twenty-five years. He died March 23, 
tf 896. 

Major Noah G. Ruhl had served five years in the Regular 
Army, early in life, and first performed active duty with his 
regiment against the Seminole Indians. When the war with 
Mexico opened in 1846, he enlisted at Pittsburg, Pa., as a non- 
commissioned officer in Company D, 4th U. S. Infantry, and 
served with his regiment in the campaign under General Zach- 
ary Taylor. Meantime, he was promoted to Sergeant Major 
and was discharged with his regiment soon after the battle of 
Palo Alto. When plans were being formulated to organize the 
87th Regiment he was engaged in the mercantile business in 
Shrewsbury, where he recruited Company D, was made its cap- 
tain and commanded it until May 9, 1863, when he was pro- 
moted to major. He possessed a firm and resolute nature, was 
a rigid disciplinarian and was always cool and calm in battle. 
He commanded the skirmish line, in front of the regiment, 
when his division was expected to lead the charge on the 
enemy's works at Mine Run, November 30, 1863, when his reg- 
iment escaped almost certain annihilation by General Meade 
changing his plans and deciding not to make the assault. 
Major Ruhl was with the 87th in most of its engagements, until 
August 30, 1864, when he was discharged on surgeon's certi- 
ficate and returned home. On March 17, 1865, he was com- 
missioned Lieutenant Colonel of Volunteers, but was not mus- 
tered. He had gone as far as Baltimore on his way to his old 
command, just after the fall of Petersburg, Virginia. Hearing 
that Captain Bulford was chosen Lieutenant Colonel of the re- 
organized 87th Regiment, Major Ruhl in order to avoid con- 



— 275 — 

troversy returned to York where he resided until the time of 
his death in 1890. 

Adjutant Jacob Emmett was born at York, Dec. 15, 1830, 
son of Jacob and Juliana (Eichelberger) Emmett. He obtained 
his education in the public schools and York County Academy, 
and entered the service as Second Lieutenant of Company K. 
On Sept. 25, 1 861, he was appointed adjutant of the regiment. 
During- part of the year 1862 he was on recruiting service at 
York, returning to the regiment at Clarksburg, West Virginia, 
with forty-five recruits. He remained with the regiment until 
Oct. 14, 1863, when he resigned and returned to York. In 1864, 
he removed to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he engaged in 
the dry goods business. He died in that city Nov. 1, 1881. 

Adjutant Anthony M. Martin was born at New Oxford, 
Pa. He had been a diligent student in Dr. Pfeiffer's Collegiate 
Institute where he acquired a good education. When Com- 
pany I was organized, he was chosen First Lieutenant, and 
served with his company until he was promoted to Adjutant, 
Nov. 18, 1863, a few days before the regiment started with the 
Army of the Potomac on the Mine Run campaign. His pre- 
vious training, and his systematic methods, admirably fitted him 
for the position to which he had been chosen. His affable man- 
ner, and exemplary character won for him a high degree of 
popularity among the officers and men of the regiment, and he 
performed his duties with ability and good judgment. Adju- 
tant Martin was cool and calm in time of battle, and was fear- 
less of danger. About the time the regiment, with Ricketts' 
Division of the Sixth Corps, was ordered to retreat from the 
field of battle at Monoeacy, July 9, 1864, he was mortally woun- 
ded, and died at Frederick soon afterwards. The incidents con- 
nected with his removal from the battle field, are related in the 
chapter on "The Battle of Monocacy," in this work. His re- 
mains were buried in the cemetery surrounding the Church of 
the Sacred Heart, near McSherrystown, Pa. 



— 276 — 

Adjutant George C. Stroman enlisted as a Sergeant in 
Company B, Sept. 11, 1 861. He was promoted to Second Lieu- 
tenant May 26, 1863, and to First Lieutenant Oct. 28, 1863. 
On the evening of July 9, 1864, just after the battle of Monoc- 
acy, Colonel Stahle appointed him Adjutant of the Regiment to 
succeed Anthony M. Martin who had been killed that day. He 
served as adjutant until the regiment was mustered out Oct. 
13. 1864. 

Surgeon David F. McKinney was born in Clinton county, 
Pa., in 1836, of sturdy Scotch Irish ancestors, who were among 
the earliest settlers in his native State. He obtained his edu- 
cation in the public schools, the West Branch High School at 
Jersey Shore and at Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pa. 
He then matriculated at Pennsylvania Medical College at Phil- 
adelphia, graduating from that institution with the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine in 1859. When the war for the preserva- 
tion of the Union opened he offered his services to the author- 
ities at Harrisburg. The offer was accepted and he was as- 
signed to the 87th Regiment, then in the field at Cockeysville, 
Maryland. He was mustered in as assistant surgeon Oct. 15, 
1861, and served in that position with credit and ability until 
April 14, 1864, when he was promoted to full surgeon with the 
rank of major. Surgeon McKinney was with the regiment 
during all the time it was in active service in the field. He 
was present at all the engagements in which the regiment par- 
ticipated, and did very effective work in the arduous campaign of 
1864 in the Army of the Potomac under Grant and in the Val- 
ley of Virginia under Sheridan. He was mustered out with 
the regiment Oct. 13, 1864. He resides at Limekiln, Freder- 
ick county, Maryland. 

Chaplain James Al'len Brown was born in Drumore Town- 
ship, Lancaster County, Pa., Feb. 19, 1821, and was graduated 
from Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg in 1841. He studied 
theology, and held pastorates in Baltimore, York and Reading. 



— 277 — 

In 1859 ne wa s elected professor of theology in a college at 
Newberry, S. C. When the war opened, he returned to York, 
and on Sept. 25, 1861, was commissioned chaplain of the 87th 
Regiment. He was with the regiment while it was performing 
guard duty along the railroad. While in camp at New Creek, 
West Virginia, he resigned July 16, 1862, and returned to York. 
The following two years he was post chaplain at the U. S. Army 
Hospital at York, Pa. From 1864 to 1880 he was President 
of the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg. During 
the latter year he resigned and removed to Lancaster, Pa., 
where he died. He was a fine scholar and an able theologian. 
Wooster University in Ohio gave him the honorary degree of 
Doctor of Laws. 

Chaplain David C. Eberhart was born in Mercer county, 
Pa., Nov. 19, 1826, a descendant of Paulus Eberhart who came 
to America from Wurtemburg, Germany, in 1744, and settled 
in Baltimore county, Maryland. After obtaining his prelimi- 
nary education he became a student of dental surgery and med- 
icine. In 1850 he removed to Baltimore, where he began the 
practice of dentistry and also studied theology. He was 
licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church, and was 
assigned to the Shrewsbury circuit. While at Shrewsbury he 
abandoned the itinerant ministry, preaching only occasionally 
and resumed the practice of dentistry. He joined the 87th Regi- 
iment when it was in camp at Winchester, Va., receiving his 
commission as chaplain February 29, 1863. Lie at once or- 
ganized a regimental church, distributed religious books 
among the men and became an influential officer in the regi- 
ment. As mentioned elsewhere in this book, he was taken 
prisoner at Winchester, Va., June 15, 1863, while assisting in 
taking wounded men to the hospital. At his own request he 
was permitted to remain at Winchester about ten days taking 
care of the sick and wounded. At the solicitation of some of 
the Union officers' wives, who fell into the hands of the enemy 
when Winchester was evacuated, and who were to be sent 



— 278 — 

through the lines, by way of Richmond, he accompanied them 
to that city, where they were all put in Castle Thunder prison. 
The women soon afterward were sent North. At the end of 
one week Chaplain Eberhart was transferred to Libby prison, 
where he found several other officers of the regiment who had 
been captured at Winchester.. He was now surprised to learn 
that several surgeons and eight other chaplains taken at Win- 
chester were to be held as prisoners of war, among whom was 
Chaplain McCabe, afterward a bishop in the Methodist church. 
Chaplain Eberhart was held at Libby until October 7, 1863, 
when he was released, and after a month's leave of absence, 
reurned to the regiment at Bristoe Station, Va., in November. 
While the army was in winter quarters at Brandy Station, he 
took pneumonia, and was sent home until he recovered in 
April, 1864. He was with the regiment, on active duty, all 
through the campaign, from the Rapidan to Petersburg, at 
Monocacy and in the Valley campaign, conducting religious 
services and in time of battle helping to bring in and take care 
of the wounded. Chaplain Eberhart was discharged with the 
regiment October 13, 1864, and has since resided at Shrews- 
bury, Pa., where he has been engaged in the practice of den- 
tistry. He has always been an active worker in the church 
and Sunday school. 

Captain John' Fahs, of Company A, was born in York, and 
obtained his education in the York County Academy, under 
Prof. George W. Ruby. When the war opened he was a mem- 
ber of the Ellsworth Zouaves, commanded by Captain James A. 
Stahle, and was mustered into the service August 24, 1861, as a 
corporal when that organization became Company A, of the 
87th Regiment. On December 1, 1861, he was promoted to 
First Lieutenant, and was with his company and regiment while 
performing guard duty along the railroad, and on the mountain 
campaigns through West Virginia. With a detail of men, he 
escorted fifty-five of Imboden's guerrillas, on the long march 
from Crab Bottom to Webster, in November, 1862, being the 



— 279 — 

first prisoners the regiment captured. He acted as Adjutant of 
the regiment on the movement under General Cluseret, 
from New Creek to Petersburg, in December, and on January 
I, 1863, soon after the arrival of the regiment at Winchester, 
was promoted to Captain of Company A, succeeding James 
A. Stahle, who had been chosen Major. Captain Fahs com- 
manded his company in the affair at Newtown, June 12, 1863, 
in the engagements around Winchester the following two days, 
and on the early morning of June 15, advanced with his men on 
the skirmish line when the regiment entered the battle at Car- 
ter's Woods. After the defeat of Milroy in this hard fought 
contest, he retreated with the part of the regiment that reached! 
Harper's Ferry in the evening of the battle. On the movement 
through Virginia with the Third Brigade, Third Division, Third! 
Corps in the Army of the Potomac, Captain Fahs took part with 
his command in the engagements at Manasses Gap, Bealton: 
Station, Kelly's Ford, Brandy Station and Locust Grove. On 
November 30, 1863, when the general assault of Meade's Army 
was ordered to be made on Lee's forces behind their intrench- 
ments at Mine Run, but afterward countermanded, Captains 
Fahs, with his company, was on the advance skirmish line.. 
While in winter quarters at Brandy Station and during the 
whole time he commanded Company A, he continued the excel- 
lent drill and discipline, for which the company was noted. It 
became quite proficient in the bayonet exercise and the Zouave 
drill. He commanded his company in the battles of the Wilder- 
ness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor and 
in the engagements in front of Petersburg while the regiment 
was in the First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps. General 
Sedgwick, the Corps commander, was killed while walking 
along the line of Company A at Spottsylvania moving toward 
a battery. Capt. Fahs was brave and efficient as an officer 
and was always ready when any important duty was to be 
performed. While re-establishing his line in the engagement 
along the Weldon Railroad, June 23, 1864, he was captured 
together with several other officers and about ninety men of the 



— 28o — 



regiment. He was then taken to Richmond. After remaining 
in Libby prison five days, with a large body of officers and men 
he was taken to Lynchburg, and from thence to Danville, Vir- 
ginia, and placed in a tobacco warehouse. From this place, the 
officers were sent to Macon, Georgia, the largest prison for 
officers in the South. 

Here they met Captains Albright and Morningstar, Lieuten- 
ants Welsh, Bierbower and Stroman, of the 87th, who had 
been in prison at Libby and elsewhere since June 15. 1863. 
Captain Fahs remained there one month, then with about 600 
other officers, was transferred to Savannah, Georgia, and placed 
in the yard surrounding the marine hospital for about six weeks, 
then moved to Charleston, S. C, and put in the jail yard, ex- 
posed to the fire of the Union guns from the neighboring islands. 
This was done by the enemy in order to check the bombard- 
ment of the city by General Gilmore. Owing to the movement of 
Sherman's Army the prisoners were sent to Columbia, S. C. 
where they were held several months, and during that time 
some of the officers received from home some clothing and pro- 
visions which were allowed to pass through the Confederate 
lines. The rations received at this prison were not as good or 
abundant as at Charleston and Savannah. A pint of corn meal 
was given each prisoner daily. Sherman's approach caused 
their removal to Charlotte. N. C, but they were kept there 
only a few days. From that city Captain Fahs, together with 
about 2000 other officers, was sent to Raleigh. Sheman was 
then passing Northward, approaching the State of North Car- 
olina, and the Confederate authorities arranged to parole these 
prisoners. This ceremony took place about eight miles from 
Wilmington, on the banks of the Cape Fear River. The scenes 
and incidents that occurred when the men saw the American 
flag upon passing into the Union lines, were intensely dramatic 
and deeply affecting. Two days later Captain Fahs and others 
took the boat for Camp Parole at Annapolis, Maryland. He 
received his discharge March 12, 1865. 

After his return home Captain Fahs engaged in the coal> 



— 28l — 



grain, flour and feed business, as a member of the firm of Fahs, 
Smith & Co., later of Fahs, Smyser & Co. In the meantime he 
devoted considerable attention to agricultural pursuits. He 
was a member of the Borough Council eight years, and of the 
Board of School Control the same length of time. Since the 
date of its organization, in 1875. ne has been a director in the 
Western National Bank of York. He has also served as a 
member of the Board of Directors of the York Trust Company 
since its organization in 1890, and in the Y r ork Street Railway 
Company since 1886. He. has been a director and president of 
the Farmers' Market Company of Y^ork for a number of years. 

Captain Jacob Detwiler of Company B. was a native of 
Dauphin County. Pennsylvania, and when the war opened, was 
engaged in business in Harrisburg'. He recruited a number of 
men in that city and vicinity, brought them to Y^ork. and when 
Company B was organized, lie was appointed its Captain. He 
served with his company and regiment while on guard duty a- 
long the railroad, on the marches and campaigns in West Vir- 
ginia, and during the early months of 1863, while the regiment 
served under Milroy around Winchester. Becoming disabled, 
he was discharged on surgeon's cetificate, June 21, 1863. 

Captain Lewis Maish, of Companv B, was born July 2, 1840, 
within a few miles of York, a lineal descendant of John George 
Maish, who in 1 75 1 , came from Germany, and settled first in 
Chester county. Pa., and then migrated west of the Susque- 
hanna to Fairview township. York county, where he located in 
a Quaker settlement. After leaving school Lewis Ylaish be- 
came an apprentice in the Variety Iron Works, of Vork. He 
assisted in recruiting Company B. and was made Second Lieu- 
tenant when it was org-anized. He was promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant. May 26. 1863, and to Captain Oct. 25, 1863. He was in 
command of his company in the engagements around Winches- 
ter, in the Mine Run campaign, and in the campaign under 
Grant from the Rapidan to the approaches' of Petersburg. In 



— 282 — 



the afternoon of June 23, 1864, while the Union lines were being; 
established for action along the Weldon railroad in front of Pet- 
ersburg, Captain Maish and thirteen of his men were taken 
prisoners. He now had before him several long and weary 
months of experience in Southern prisons, after having gallant- 
ly led his men in a dozen battles. 

He was first taken to Libby prison in Richmond, and soon 
thereafter, with 3,000 other captives sent to the State of Georgia. 
About 250 of the number were officers. These were left for one 
month at Macon, then the leading prison for commissioned offi- 
cers in the South. As Sherman's army was moving in that di- 
rection, Captain Maish and his fellow prisoners were transfer- 
red to Savannah for two months, and then taken to Charlston, 
S. C. They were in that doomed city while it was besieged by 
the Union forces under Gilmore, from the neighboring islands. 
As Sherman's triumphant army was moving from "Atlanta to 
the Sea," Captain Maish and his associates were sent to Colum- 
bia. S. C, where they were kept four months, and then moved to 
Charlotte, N. C. While stopping for a short time at that city 
together with Captain H. C. Smyser, of the 5th Maryland Regi- 
ment, and Lieutenant Anderson, of the 2nd Pennsylvania Ar- 
tillery, he made his escape into the Union lines. Captain Maish 
was mustered out of the service March 24, 1865, having served 
his country three and one-half years. He resided one year at 
York, and the following year in Tennessee and Arkansas. In 
1867 ne removed to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he contin- 
ued to be engaged in the manufacture of machinery until 1900. 
when he removed to Stillwater, Minnesota. Mrs. Maish was 
the daughter of a loyal citizen of Winchester. She and the 
Captain were married in 1863 during the time the regiment was 
in winter camp at Winchester. 

Captain Andrew J. Fulton, of Company C, was a native of 
Hopewell township, York County, Pa. Before the war he was 
a successful teacher and civil engineer. In April 1861 he en- 
listed as a Corporal in Company H, 16th Pennsylvania Volun- 



— 28 3 — 

teers in the three months service. Soon after his return to his 
home at Stewartstown, he began to recruit Company C for the 
87th Regiment and on September 14, 1861, was mustered into 
the sen-ice as its Captain. He remained in command of the 
company until Dec. 24, 1862, when he resigned to accept the 
colonelcy of the 166th Pennsylvania Militia Regiment in the 
nine months service. Soon after the close of the war, Colonel 
Fulton was appointed Deputy Revenue Collector at York by 
President Johnson. His appointment was not confirmed by the 
United States Senate, and Henry Welsh of York was appointed. 
Colonel Fulton was chief clerk in the office during- Mr. Welsh's 
term. In November 1872, Colonel Fulton was killed by the ac- 
cidental discharge of his gun while out hunting near his home 
at Stewartstown. 

Captain Murray S. Cross, of Company C, was born in 
Windsor township, York county. Pa., March 12, 1835, of Scotch 
Irish ancestry. He grew to manhood on his father's farm, 
then went to Baltimore, where he was employed at the carpen- 
ter's trade. He returned to York county in 1858, and followed 
his occupation till April 1861, when he enlisted for three months 
in Company A, 16th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. Soon 
after returning home he assisted in recruiting- Company C, of 
which he was chosen first lieutenant. On Christmas day, 1862, 
he was promoted to captain and commanded his company the 
remainder of its three years' term of service. He was one of 
the officers who helped to carry the body of General Sedgwick 
to the rear when he was killed by a sharpshooter at Spottsyl- 
vania, May 9, 1864. Captain Cross was kind hearted and gen- 
erous by nature ; always took a deep interest in the comfort and 
welfare of his men and bravely led them into action. At the 
battle of Opequon, when Color Sergeant Jefferson Keesey was 
wounded and the flag dropped to the ground, Captain Cross 
quickly grasped the banner, unfurled it to the breeze and 
bravely held it until Corporal Daniel P. Reigle, of Company F, 
stepped up and volunteered to act as color bearer. Captain 



— 284 — 

Cross returned home with the regiment in September, 1864, at 
the expiration of the term of service. He engaged in business 
in York the remainder of his life. He died in 1897. 

Captain James H. Blasser, of Company D, born at Shrews- 
bury, Pa., August 9, 1831, was educated in the public "schools, 
and under the private instruction of Rev. A. Berg. He attend- 
ed the medical department of the University of Maryland, but 
preferring the profession of teaching to that of medicine, he 
taught in the public schools of York, Wrightsville, Glen Rock 
and Shrewsbury until 1861. On August 19th of that year he 
was the first man to enroll his name in Company D, of which 
he became first sergeant at the time of its organization, and was 
promoted to second lieutenant May 10, 1862; to first lieutenant 
October 25, 1862, and to captain May 12. 1863. He was with 
Ms regiment in all its campaigns to March 9, 1864, when he re- 
signed. His company having lost thirty-seven men captured 
at the battle of Carter's Woods, but few of its members came 
out with those who arrived at Harper's Ferry, and they were 
temporarily placed in Company E. Captain Blasser was put 
in command of Companies I and K consolidated until the fol- 
lowing September, when he again took command of Company 
D. On several occasions, when battle seemed imminent, he 
was detailed as assistant surgeon to Dr. McKinney. Captain 
1846. He attended the public schools for a short time, and in 
Blasser, since the war, has been employed as a civil engineer, 
deputy prothonotary, court crier, interpreter of German in the 
county courts, bookkeeper for the Standard Oil Company at 
York, and bookkeeper for the A. B. Farquhar Company of 
York, until his retirement in 1900. 

Captain So"LOmon Myers, of Company E, was born in Lati- 
more township, Adams county, Pa., March 14, 1829. He first 
engaged in teaching in his native county, then moved to York, 
where he was following that profession, and was also justice 
■of the peace when he entered the three months' service April 



- 285 - 

26, 1861, as First Lieutenant of the Worth Infantry, which be- 
came Company A, in the 16th Pennsylvania Regiment. Soon 
after the expiration of this term he began to recruit Company 
E for the 87th Regiment, and was chosen its captain. He was 
the only officer of the regiment who held the position of cap- 
tain during the entire term of three years, and took part in all 
the marches and campaigns in which the regiment particioated 
during the years 1862 and 1863, displaying marked coolness 
and bravery in the engagements at Carter's Woods and at 
Locust Grove. For three months of the Spring of 1864 Cap- 
tain Myers was on special duty as a recruiting officer at Car- 
lisle, Pa., returning to his regiment Tune 2, while the battle of 
Cold Harbor was in progress. He was immediately put in 
charge of the skirmish line and bravely held a perilous posi- 
tion on two of the succeeding days of that battle. He com- 
manded the skirmishers in front of the regiment on June 22, 
1864, at the engagement along the Weldon Railroad in front 
of Petersburg, when the regiment suffered a heavy loss. Cap- 
tain Myers led his men in several important charges at Monoc- 
acy and remained in command of his company in Sheridan's 
campaign in the Shenandoah Valley until the expiration of the 
term of service in September, 1864. After the close of the 
war he was a justice of the peace in York for fifteen years. He 
also conducted a music store, and was engaged in the real es- 
tate business, and served as a bank director and as secretary 
of building associations. He died in York September 14, 1880. 

Captain James Adair, of Company F, was born in Scotland, 
and came to this country early in life, settling in Philadelphia, 
where he learned the stone-cutting business. When the citi- 
zen's cemetery was laid out at Gettysburg, some time before 
the Civil War, he removed to that town, and carried on a large 
business in putting up memorial stones. In 1861 he responded 
to the first call for troops, enlisting as a sergeant in Captain 
Buehler's Company, in the 2d Regiment Pennsylvania Volun- 
teers, in the three months' service. After returning home, he 



— 286 — 

assisted in recruiting Company F, of which he became first lieu- 
tenant. Upon the resignation of Captain Martin, he was pro- 
moted to captain, and led his company in all the engagements 
in which the regiment participated to the end of the three years' 
term of service. Captain Adair was a good drillmaster and kept 
his company under excellent discipline. He was always ready 
and willing to perforin any duty assigned him, and was brave 
and fearless in time of danger. He had the highest respect and 
unbounded confidence of all his men. During its three years' 
service there were six men of Company F killed in battle, two 
accidentally killed, eighteen wounded, six died of disease, and 
one, David G. Myers, died in prison. Captain Adair received 
a slight wound at the battle of Cold Harbor June 3, 1864. 
Most of the time since the war Captain Adair has resided in 
^ew York City, where he has been deputy collector of revenue. 

Captain Henry Morningstar, of Company G, was born in 
Hanover, Pa., in 1830, and served as First Lieutenant of the 
Hanover Infantry, which became Company G, of the 16th Penn- 
sylvania Regiment in the three months' service. In August, 
1 861, he assisted in recruiting Company G of the 87th Regiment, 
and was chosen First Lieutenant. He was captured by Mc- 
Neil's Virginia Rangers, while on the retreat from the battle of 
Carter's Woods, June 15, 1863, and with the other officers of the 
regiment, who became prisoners, was held in Libby prison for 
eleven months, and then taken with them to Macon, Georgia. 
He was afterward removed to Savannah, to Charleston, and to 
Columbia. Together with 2,000 other officers, he was sent, in 
March, 1865, to Raleigh, N. C, and was paroled with them 
along the banks of the Cape Fear River. While he was held a 
prisoner of war, he was promoted to Captain but never had the. 
opportunity of returning to his company. He did not have a 
change of clothing during the twenty-one months he was a pris- 
oner. Since the war he has resided at Hanover. 



Captain Wells A. Farrah, of Company H, was born Sep- 
tember 20, 1826, and early in life engaged in the mercantile 



— 287 — 

business in the village of Wellsville. York county, Pa. He was 
following that occupation when he began to recruit a com- 
pany for the three years' service and became its First Lieutenant. 
Upon the resignation of Captain Harman he was chosen to 
command the company, January 18, 1863, while the regiment 
was in winter quarters at Winchester, Virginia. Captain Far- 
rah had acquired a good education and was a man of pleasant 
address. He was deservedly popular with his company, which 
-luring the winter and spring of 1863 he carefully drilled. He 
was with his command in the action at Bunker Hill, Ya.. when 
Lieutenant Siothower, of his company, was killed. After par- 
ticipating in the hard fought battle of Carter's Woods, near 
Winchester, Ya.. in the early morning of June 15, 1863, he was 
struck by a mime ball and instantly killed. This occurred just 
as the Union forces began the retreat down the Shenandoah 
Yailey, and the body of Captain Farrah fell into the hands of 
the enemy. His remains are supposed to rest in the National 
Cemetery at Winchester, among the unknown dead. In T852 
Captain Farrah was married to Miss Jane E. McMullin. of 
Wellsville. 

Captain Thaddeus S. Pfeiffer, of Company I, was born in 
1841 at New Oxford, Pa., where his father Dr. Pfeiffer conduc- 
ted a flourishing Collegiate Institute for a number of years. He 
obtained a good education under his father's instructions. 
Early in 18.61, lie organized and drilled a military company, in 
New Oxford, and in September, 1861, after being enlarged by 
new recruits, it joined the 87th Regiment as Company I which 
he commanded in all the marches and engagements in which the 
regiment took part up to November, 1863. During the last 
two months of that year and in January, 1864, he served as act- 
ing Assistant Inspector General on brigade staff. He comman- 
ded his company in the Wilderness, at Spottsylvania and dur- 
ing the first two days of the battle at Cold Harbor. On the 
morning of June 3, he was mortally wounded while in charge 
-of detail of skirmishers between the battle lines of the contend- 



— 288 — 



ing forces. He was taken to the field hospital where he soon 
died, and was buried under a tree. His remains were afterward 
brought to New Oxford for interment. The Grand Army Post 
in his native town was named in honor of him. 

Captain Wilxiam H. Lanius, of Company I, was born at 
Flushing, Long Island, Nov. 26, 1843, son of Henry and Ange- 
line (Miller) Lanius. His father was of German, and his moth- 
er of English and French Huguenot descent. His ancestors on 
his father's side, for several generations, resided in York and 
vicinity, where they were prominent and influential in the Mo- 
ravian church and in the affairs of the city and county. His 
mother's ancestors lived on Long Island. Henry Lanius, his 
father, was a successful lumber merchant, and filled the office of 
Chief Burgess of York, as a Republican, during the first years 
of the Civil War. Captain Lanius obtained his education in pri- 
vate schools, and in the York County Academy where he ex- 
celled as a student. After leaving school, he was a clerk in his 
father's office, until he enlisted as a private in Company A, 87th 
Regiment, August 25, 1861. Two weeks later, he was promot- 
ed to Orderly Sergeant of Company I, and performed the duties 
of that office while the regiment went on the mountain cam- 
paign in West Virginia. On March 2, 1863, he was promoted 
to Second Lieutenant, being then the youngest commissioned 
officer in the regiment. With his company and regiment he 
participated in the affair at Newtown, June 12, 1863, the engage- 
ments around Winchester the two succeeding days, and 
the battle of Carter's Woods on Tune 15, where he led his part 
of the line up to the enemy's works. W 7 hen the L T nion troops, 
being overpowered in numbers by the enemy, began the sudden 
retreat, he escaped with, that part of the regiment under Colonel 
Schall, to Harper's Ferry, and for several weeks, thereafter, 
was acting adjutant. He was with his regiment in the 3d Bri- 
gade, 3d Division, 3rd Army Corps, in the engagements at Mo- 
nasses Gap, July 23; Bealton Station. October 26; Kelly's Ford, 
November 7, and Brandy Station, November 8. During the 



— 289 — 

absence of Captain Pfeiffer on brigade staff. Lieutenant Laniiis, 
commanded Company I in the engagement at Locust Grove on. 
November 27. He was also in command of his company when, 
the 3d Division was to lead the assault on the Confederate 
works at Mine Run, November 30, but owing to the impregna- 
ble position of the enemy, the assault was not made. On De- 
cember 7, while in winter quarters at Brandy Station, he was 
promoted to First Lieutenant, succeeding Anthony M. Martin, 
who had been made adjutant. When General Morris was 
wounded, on May 9, 1864, at Spottsylvania, and Colonel Schall. 
succeeded to the command of the 1st Brigade, 3d Division, 6th 
Army Corps, in which the 87th was then serving, Lieutenant 
Lanius was placed on the brigade staff as an aide. When Col- 
onel Truex, the senior officer, assumed command of the 1st Bri- 
gade, he was continued on the latter s staff, and was with 
the regiment and brigade in all the engagements of Grant's 
campaign of 1864, in the movement of the army from the 
Rapidan to Petersburg, including the battles of the Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania, Laurel Hill, Po River, North Anna, Tolopotomyv 
Cold Harbor and Weldon Railroad. 

After Captain Pfeiffer was killed at Cold Harbor, he- 
was commissioned Captain of Company I on June 25, still re- 
taining his position as an aide on brigade staff. "In the battle 
of Monocacy July 9, 1864," says Colonel Stahle in a description 
01 that engagement, "Captain Lanius displayed both courage- 
and daring. In the afternoon of that day when the Confeder- 
ates were reforming their line in a woods in our front, with the 
intention of turning our left, he came riding gallantly along our 
lines, bringing an order from General Wallace for the 87th Penn- 
sylvania and the 14th New Jersey to charge across a field, and* 
take position by the Thomas House." This charge was success- 
fully executed, but soon afteward Captain Lanius while passing" 
through a shower of balls, was wounded in the arm, which dis- 
abled him for about two months, when he returned to the regi- 
ment, then under Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, and took 
command of Company I, participating with it in the battles of 
18 



— 290 — 

Opequon and Fisher's Hill. At the expiration of the three 
years' term of service in September, 1864, he returned, with 
the regiment, to York where he engaged in the lumber business 
which he conducted with energy and success for a number of 
years. In 1884, he organized the West End Improvement 
Company, a land company that opened up and developed the 
western part of York. He organized the York Street Railway 
Company in 1886, and has been its president since that time. 

Captain Lanius has been president of the York Trust Com- 
pany since it was organized through his efforts in 1890. This 
institution has since done a large and prosperous business. He is 
also president of the Eastern Extension of the Baltimore and 
Harrisburg Railway, was the first president of the Board of 
Trade of York in 1886, and is a trustee of the York County 
Academy, and the York County Historical Society. In 1867 
lie was one of the charter members, and became the first Com- 
mander of Sedgwick Grand Army Post, N0.37, at ^ork,and was 
its representative several times at State and National Encamp- 
ments. For eight years he served in the borough and city 
councils of York. He is a member of the Loyal Legion and 
of the Masonic fraternity. 

In 1884, he was a delegate to the Republican National Con- 
vention which nominated James G. Blaine for President of the 
United States. In all his business enterprises, he has display- 
ed good judgment, fertility of resources, and rare executive 
and administrative abilities. For twenty-five years, Captain 
Lanius has been one of the most active, energetic and public 
spirited citizens of York, always supporting every movement 
intended to advance the interests and promote the welfare of 
[he city. 

Captain John Albright, of Company K, was born in Balti- 
more, in 1826, and moved to York with his parents when he was 
ten years old. At the age of eighteen, he engaged in the cigar 
trade which he afterward followed as his occupation. In April, 
1 86 1, he enlisted with the York Rifles in the three months' ser- 



— 291 — 

vice, and became First Sergeant of the Company. After his 
return to York in July, he assisted in recruiting men for Com- 
pany K, of which he was chosen Captain when John W. Schall 
was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. He commanded the 
Company in the West Virginia campaign, and until June 15. 
1863, when he was captured at Winchester, Va, He was then 
sent with other officers to Richmond where he was held in Lib- 
by for eleven months, and then was transferred to Macon, Geor- 
gia. His prison experience afterward at Savannah, Charleston 
and Columbia, and until he was paroled, was the same, as that 
of other officers mentioned in this chapter. Fie was mustered 
out March 12, 1865, ar| d returned to York where he was engag- 
ed in the tobacco business until the time of his death, May 5. 
1896. 

Lieutenant Jacob Hay was born in York, in 1833, son of 
Dr. Jacob and Sarah (Beard) Hay. His father had been a prom- 
inent physician of York for fifty-five years, and also served as 
president of the York Bank. The ancestors of both his parents 
were among the first settlers in and around York. Lieut. Hay 
obtained his preliminary education in the York County Aca- 
demy; read medicine with his father, and was graduated from 
the University of Maryland in 1854. He was in the active prac- 
tice of his profession when he enlisted Sept. 11, 1861, in Com- 
pany A, of which he was made First Lieutenant. He served 
with his company until Nov. 28, 1861, when he resigned and re- 
turned to York where he was one of the foremost physicians of 
the city and county for thirty years or more. Dr. Hay was an 
active member of the County, State and National Medical Soci- 
eties, and for fifteen years was a member of the York School 
Board, serving three terms as its president. He was married 
to Catherine, daughter of Joseph Smyser, of York. 

Lieutenant W. H. Bierbower, of Company A, was born 
on Shelley's Island, Dauphin County, Pa., Jan. 14, 1840, and 
was engaged in the tinning and stove business in York when 
he enlisttd in Company A as Orderly Sergeant, September 11, 



— 292 • — 

1S61. He was promoted to Second Lieutenant, January I, 1863, 
and was captured at Carter's Woods, June 15, 1863. For twen- 
ty-one months he was held a prisoner of war with other officers 
of the regiment who were captured near Winchester, Va. 
While he was in prison he received promotion to First Lieuten- 
ant, but never got back to his regiment. He was paroled near 
Wilmington, N. C, and discharged March 12, 1865. He died 
at Grand Rapids, Michigan, Feb. 13, 1899. 

Lieutenant John F. Spakgler entered the service, Sept. 
nth, 1861, as Second Lieutenant of Company A. He was pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Jan. 11, 1863, and was in command 
of his company from June 24, 1864, until he was mortally wound- 
ed at Monocacy, July 9, 1864. He was a native of York, and 
a son of Jacob and Sarah S. Spangler. He was born in 1830. 
When his father heard that he was wounded, he went to Fred- 
erick, and found his son in the Union Hospital, where he died, 
July 1 5. His remains were brought to York, and buried with 
military honors in Union Cemetery, July 18. The funeral 
took place from the residence of his father-in-law, David Jame- 
son. It was attended by a company from the U. S. Hospital, 
the York Home Guards, the Vigilant Fire Company and many 
citizens of York. Chaplain J. A. Brown, D. D., officiated. 
During the ceremony, the flags of the town were hung at half 
mast. Lieutenant Spangler left a widow and two children, 
one of whom is living with her mother in Chicago. 

Lieutenant John Cruel was engaged in the mercantile bus- 
iness in Newberrytown when plans were formulating for the or- 
ganization of a regiment at York. He had a large experience 
before the war in drilling military companies in the upper end of 
York County. In August, 1861, he recruited about forty men, 
brought them to York where they joined Company B, of which 
he became First Lieutenant. He was an excellent drillmaster 
and was well trained in military tactics. He remained with the 
regiment until May, 1863, when he resigned. 



— 293 - 

Lieutenant Charles H. Stallman. of Company C, was 
born in Prussia, October 20, 1840, and came to York, Pa., in 
1852. became clerk in the hardware store of Rosenmiller & Co., 
in York, where he remained until April 19, 1861. when he en- 
listed as a private for three months, in the Worth Infantry, 
which served in the 16th Pennsylvania Regiment. He entered 
Company C as Third Sergeant, and was promoted to Sergeant 
Major while the regiment was on guard duty along the railroad. 
He was commissioned Second Lieutenant of Company C, Dec. 
25, 1862, and participated in the engagements around Winches- 
ter. After the battle of Carter's Woods, he retreated with the 
detachment that reached Bedford, Pa. Lieutenant Stallman 
was in command of his company in the engagement at Locust 
Grove, November 27, 1863. When the regiment moved on to- 
ward Mine Run, he commanded a detail of men to assist in build- 
ing corduroy roads for the rapid movement of the troops. He 
was promoted to First Lieutenant, January 31, 1864. For three 
months he was on special duty at Carlisle, Pa., as a recruiting 
officer, returning to his regiment when it was at North Anna, 
Ya., in May. On June 1, when the battle of Cold Harbor open- 
ed, he was in charge of a detail of men on the skirmish line, and 
advanced them through a woods. As they moved into a clear- 
ing, a Confederate battery opened upon them. The Lieutenant 
and his men dropped to the ground, and moved on their hands 
and feet across the brow of a hill, out of the range of the guns, 
and did some effective work as skirmishers during the battle. 
Lieutenant Stallman was captured on the skirmish line near 
Petersburg, Va., June 22, 1864. After remaining a few days on 
a small island, at Petersburg, with many other prisoners, he 
was taken to Richmond, and placed in Libby prison. From 
there they were sent by rail to Lynchburg, and from that city, 
inarched to Danville, Va., where they arrived July 4. They 
were put in a tobacco warehouse and fed on corn bread and 
pork which tasted very good. They were taken next to Macon, 
Ga., and from that place to Savannah, where they received kind 
treatment and had plenty to eat. From Savannah they were 




— 294 — 

transferred to Charleston, and placed in the jail yard, a hot and 
dirty place, where a number died. They were then removed to 
Columbia, S. C. The quarters there were good, but the rations 
furnished, poor. When Sherman started from Atlanta, on his 
march to the sea, 2,000 officers were sent to Raleigh, N. C. 
From this place they were moved to the point of exchange, 
about eight miles from Wilmington, N. C, on the Cape Fear 
River. There they saw the old flag for the first time since their 
capture. A guard of honor was waiting to receive them. On 
the march to the steamboat landing colored troops formed in 
line on both sides of the way. They had erected an arch over 
the road with the words, "Welcome Home," in its center. The 
circumstances and the surroundings touched the hearts of the 
sternest men, and brought forth feelings and emotions exper- 
ienced only on such an occasion. The same day, March 1, 1865, 
Lieutenant Stallman and some of his comrades took the boat at 
Wilmington for Annapolis, Md., where he arrived on the 5th, 
without shoes and with very little clothing. He was mustered 
out of the service by special order of the Secretary of War, 
March 12, 1865. Fie then came to York, and after spending a 
short time with his old comrades, talking over the events of the 
war, and finding all enjoyment possible, he accepted a position 
as salesman in the large store of P. A. & S. Small in York, 
where he remained until 1874. In that year, he went into the 
wholesale tobacco business in York, with R. L. Shetter, un- 
der the firm name of Stallman & Shetter. In 1897 he purchas- 
ed Mr. Shetter's interests and has since conducted the business 
himself. He has been President of the City Bank of York 
since 1895; has been 10 years a member of the School Board, 
and two years its president; and is a director in the York Wall 
Paper Company. Lieutenant Stallman had a good record as a 
soldier and bravely led his men in all the battles in which he 
participated. 

Lieutenant George B'lasser, of Company D, born at 
Shrewsbury, in 1809, was a merchant, farmer and undertaker, 



— 295 — 

when the war opened. He had served as Second Lieutenant: 
of the Jackson Greys, a noted military organization, which was 
ordered to Philadelphia, during the riots of 1844. He served 
with Company D, of the 87th Regiment, from the time of its or- 
ganization to Oct. 25, 1862, when he resigned. He died at 
Shrewsbury, Dec. 23, 1875. 

Lieutenant Alexander Strickler, of Company E, was 
born in York county in 1838. When he was quite young, his 
parents moved to York where he learned the trade of a moul- 
der, and was following that occupation when he entered the 
three months' service with the Worth Infantry, April 19, 1861/ 
in response to the first call for troops. Soon after his return 
home in July, 1861, he assisted in recruiting Company E, of 
which he became First Sergeant. On Jan. 19, 1863, he was 
promoted to Second Lieutenant. He took part witn the regi- 
ment in the battles around Winchester in 1863, and led Com- 
pany E in two of the charges at Carter's Woods. During the 
absence of the commanding officer of Company C, on special 
duty, he was placed in temporary command of that company 
November 30, 1863. On December 8, while in temporary com- 
mand of Company E, he was also assigned to command Com- 
pany H, and had charge of the latter company part of the win- 
ter of 1863-4. During the absence of Captain Myers on recruit- 
ing service, Lieutenant Strickler commanded Company E, in 
the battle of the Wilderness, at Spottsylvania, and led it in the 
charge on the Confederate works at Cold Harbor, June 1, V864.- 
He was commissioned First Lieutenant, June 25, 1864. After 
Lieutenant Haack was killed at Monocacy, July 9, he was in 
command of Company K until August 1 when he was taken 
sick, and was sent to the Union Hospital, at Frederick, Md~ 
Lieutenant Strickler was mustered out of the service with the 
regiment Oct. 13, 1864. Since the war he has followed his 
chosen occupation of an iron moulder at York. 

Lieutenant Robert A. Daniel, of Co. G, was a native of 
Ohio where he had acquired a good English education. When 



— 296 — 



the 87th Regiment was being recruited at York in 1861, he 
was teaching school in Spring Garden Township. He induced 
some of his pupils and other young men in the neighborhood 
to enlist, and brought them to York where he obtained other 
recruits. Upon the organization of Company G he was made 
Second Lieutenant. On November 1, 1863, he was promoted 
to First Lieutenant. As Captain Morningstar was a prisoner 
during the remainder of the war, Lieutenant Daniel command- 
ed Company G, in all engagements in which, the regiment took 
part to the end of the three years. He was a brave and com- 
petent officer. 

Lieutenant M. S. Slothower was a farmer's son in the 
northern part of York county when he enlisted Sept. 19, 1861, 
as a Sergeant in Company H. He was promoted to Second 
Lieutenant March 13, 1863, and as an officer, was popular with 
his men. In the afternoon of June 13, 1863, when the Union 
force, guarding the crossing of the Opequon Creek at Bunker 
Hill, near Winchester, Virginia, was suddenly attacked by Jen- 
kins' Cavalry, Lieutenant Slothower was instantly killed. His 
remains were buried by the Confederates, at Bunker Hill, but 
were afterward removed to the National Cemetery at Winches- 
ter, and buried in lot No. 26. He was the first officer of the 
regiment to be killed. 

Lieutenant Daniel P. Dietrich, of Company H, who was 
mortally wounded in the afternoon of July 9, 1864, at Monocacy, 
and died the same day on the field of battle, was a native of 
Warrington Township, York County, Pa. He was a young 
man of good character and had a fine record as a soldier. When 
the war opened he enlisted for three months in Captain Don- 
aldson's company. In August, 1861, he enrolled at Wellsville 
with Company H, then being recruited for the 87th Regiment. 
He was soon promoted to Sergeant, then to First Sergeant, and 
to First Lieutenant April 9, 1864. He commanded his Com- 
pany in part of the Wilderness campaign. 



\ 

— - 297 — 

Lieutenant Dietrich was pierced by a minie ball, just after 
the regiment made the last charge at Monocacy. When his 
comrades last saw him, he was still living. During the retreat 
lie fell into the hands of the enemy and it is supposed, died soon 
thereafter. His body was recovered the following day after the 
Confederates had left the field, and was buried by Union sol- 
diers. George F. Felty was one of the last men who spoke to 
liim. 

Lieutenant Charles F. Haack, who commanded Company 
K, from June 15, 1863, until he was killed at Monocacy, July 
o, 1864, was born in York in January, 1834, and followed the 
occupation of a bricklayer, until the opening of the Civil War, 
when he enlisted with the York Rifles in the three months' ser- 
vice. He assisted in recruiting men for Company K, and upon 
its organization, was chosen Second Lieutenant. He was pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant March 4, 1863, and led his men in 
the engagement at Carter's Woods, Locust Grove, Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad and Monocacy. 
The incidents connected with his fatal wound and death will be 
found in the chapter on the battle of Monocacy. His remains 
were brought to York and buried in Prospect Hill Cemetery. 
The funeral was attended by many citizens, the Veteran Reserve 
Corps stationed at York, the Hospital Band, three companies of 
Home Guards, the Laurel Fire Company and Captain Philby's 
•Cornet Band, of York. During the funeral the business 
houses of York were closed, and all flags hung at half mast. 
Lieutenant Haack had two brothers in the 87th Regiment: 
Sergeant Lewis R. Haack, now of Havanna, Mason County, Illi- 
nois, who commanded Company K during the last month of 
its service, and William A. Haack, of. York, who served with 
credit as a member of Company C. for three years. 

Lieutenant Benjamin F. Frick, son of John P. and Han- 
nah (Hershey) Frick, was born in York County June 9, 1841, 
and obtained his education in the public schools and the York 



— 298 — 

County Academy. He was one of the original Ellsworth 
Zouaves, and enlisted as a Sergeant when that organization be- 
came Company A of the 87th Regiment. He was with his com- 
pany and regiment on the long marches of 1862, and in the 
engagements around Winchester up to June 15, 1863, when he 
was captured, and with many other prisoners, was taken to 
Belle Isle, on the James River, at Richmond. After being pa- 
roled, he returned to the regiment and took part with it in the 
Mine Run campaign in November, 1863. Together with Ser- 
geant Major Geise, and others, he passed a successful examina- 
tion at Washington for promotion to command colored troops, 
and in March, 1864, was assigned to the 39th Regiment United 
States Colored Troops with the rank of Second Lieutenant 
of Company H, and was soon promoted to First Lieutenant. 
For a short time, he w T as Assistant Adjutant General to Colo- 
onel Bowman. During part of the year 1864, he had command 
of Birney barracks at Baltimore, the principal recruiting sta- 
tion for colored troops for Maryland and Delaware. He re- 
turned to his regiment in North Carolina, and was present at 
ihe surrender of Johnson's army to Sherman in that State. Af- 
ter the war ended, he had charge of Fort Fisher until Decem- 
ber, 1865, when he was mustered out of service with his regi- 
ment. Lieutenant Frick then returned to York where he has 
since been engaged in business. In 1893, he was elected Pro- 
thonotary of York County, being the first Republican elected 
to a county office in a straight political contest. 

Corporal Johnston H. Skel'lv, of Comoany F, was born 
Aug. 14, 1 84 1, at Gettysburg, where he learned the tailor's trade 
with his father, and also granite cutting. He was working at 
the latter business when he enlisted in Company E, Second 
Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, for three months. In Au- 
gust, 1861, he joined Company F in the 87th Regiment, and 
served with it until he was mortally wounded at the battle of 
Winchester, June 14, 1863, and died at Winchester July 12, 
1863. Corporal Skelly was engaged to be married to Miss Jen- 



— 299 — 

nie Wade who was killed at Gettysburg- during the battle, while 
baking bread for the Union soldiers on the skirmish line in 
front of her house. After her death a picture of Corporal 
Skelly was found in her pocket. This picture is in the posses- 
sion of Daniel A. Skelly, a brother residing in Gettysburg. Post 
9 in his native town is named in honor of this gallant soldier. 
He had a brother in the same company with him, and his father 
was a member of Company K in the ioist Pennsylvania Regi- 
ment. 

Corporal William T. Ziegler, of Company F, was born at 
Gettysburg, Oct. 3, 1840. He served five and one-half years at 
hat making and three years at carriage painting; having just 
completed his apprenticeship of the later trade when he en- 
listed as a private in Company F, in August, 1861. He received 
a slight wound at the battle of Carter's Wood in June, 1863. 
After the Mine Run expedition he was promoted to Corporal, 
and served with the regiment in all its engagements of 1864, 
up to June 23, 1864. On that day Corporal Ziegler with a 
number of men of the regiment' was captured, and sent to An- 
dersonville prison. It was then that the incident took place 
described on page 240 in this book. After ten months of im- 
prisonment at Andersonville and other places, he was released 
at Baldwin Junction, Florida, April 28, 1865, and discharged at 
Harrisburg June 12, 1865. While in prison he was unanimous- 
ly chosen Captain of his division. His duties were to receive 
the rations for one hundred men, and distribute them. Since 
the war Corporal Ziegler has resided at Gettysburg, and was 
chosen a member of the State Legislature from Adams County 
He has been actively interested in several business enterprises 
of his native town, and is Vice President of the Peoples' Bank 
of Gettysburg. 

Sergeant Daniel L. Welsh, of Company G, who was killed 
at Monocacy, July 9, 1864, was born at York in 1832, son of 
Charles and Eliza (Laumaster) Welsh. After leaving school, 



— 3°o — 

he followed the trade of a carpenter in his native town. Before 
the war, he was a member of the Worth Infantry, and went with 
it into the three months' service, in April, 1861. He enlisted 
with Company G, Sept. 25, 1861, and served with it in all the 
engagements in which it took part, until he was killed at Monoc- 
acy. Lieutenant Daniel, who commanded Company G, wrote 
to the father of the Sergeant the following on July 12: "Ser- 
geant Welsh received a mortal wound at Monocacy, being 
struck by a minie ball, a few minutes before we were compelled 
to fall back. The ball passed through his body near the heart. 
He was in all the charges of that fateful day. Being hard press- 
ed by the enemy, we were unable to carry him off the field. 
The last words he spoke to us were these: 'Tell my friends at 
home that I died on tne field of battle.' Then pointing to our 
colors in front of him, he continued, and tell them I died de- 
fending my country and that dear old flag.' Then we were com- 
pelled to leave him, and he died in the hands of the enemy. 
The day after his death, his remains were buried by some of our 
own cavalry. He was a brave soldier, and was highly esteemed 
by all of his associates." Sergeant Welsh would have been 
mustered in as Second Lieutenant a few days later, if he had 
lived. 

John C. Hopfman, of Company G, enrolled his name Sep- 
tember 25, 1865, but on account of his age and youthful appear- 
ance, was not mustered in until Oct. 31, after receiving the con- 
sent to enlist from his father, Lewis Hoffman, who had been 
the oldest member of the York Rifles in the three months' ser- 
vice. Private Hoffman was in all the engagements in which 
the regiment participated, in the campaign under Milroy, in the 
Valley of Virginia, and in the campaign under Grant in the Wil- 
derness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and Weldon Railroad. 
In July, 1864, he was appointed regimental postmaster. Just 
before the battle of Monocacy, Colonel Stahle requested him 
to take judicious care of some regimental mail that could not 
be posted at Frederick. On the day of the battle July 9, 1864, 



— 3°i — 

he went from Monocacy to Chestnut Ridge where he 
c'limbed a tree and from this elevated position for the first time, 
viewed the progress of a battle in which he did not participate. 
He performed his duties with credit as postman, and was mus- 
tered out with his regiment Oct. 13, 1864. His brother, David 
N. Hoffman, of Company K, was killed at Mine Run Nov. 30, 
1863. His brother Charles, having lived in the South when the 
war opened, became a Sergeant in Johnston's Confederate bat- 
tery and was killed at Gettysburg when his uncle, V. J. Clut- 
tere, was in command of the battery. After the war Private 
Hoffman attended Union Academy and the York County Nor- 
mal School, and since 1870 has taught school with success in 
Michigan, Indiana and in Pennsylvania. For several years he 
has been teaching in York, Pa. 

In 1867 he enlisted in the U. S. Army, and was detailed as clerk 
in the quartermaster's department at Hart's Island, in New 
York Harbor, whence he was transferred to Madison Barracks, 
Sackett's Harbor, during the Fenian War, and was promoted 
Corporal of Company F, 42d Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps. 
On May 2, 1868, Corporal Hoffman was married to Miss Mary 
A. Ansell of Elmira, N. Y. He was transferred to Fort Ontario 
at Oswego, as quartermaster and commissary sergeant. Be- 
ing a good clerk' he was sent in April 1869, to Fort Gibson, In- 
dian Territory whence he was transferred to Company K, 6th U. 
S. Regular Infantry at Fort Smith, Arkansas, where he was 
discharged in August 1869. Howard R. Andrews of the 87th 
Regiment also served during the Fenian War, as a corporal in 
the 42d Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps which was commanded 
by General Daniel E. Sickles. 

Sergeant Major Frank Geise was born in Paradise town- 
ship, York county, Pa., May 22, i837,and enlisted as corporal in 
Company D, September 19, 1861. He was promoted to Ser- 
geant Major of the regiment in March, 1863, and served in that 
position in all the engagements in which the regiment took part 
during the year. In the Spring of 1864 he passed the examina- 



— 302 — 

tion before the Casey board at Washington, and was promoted 
to Second Lieutenant in the 32d Regiment, United States Col- 
01 ed Troops, and was sent with his regiment to Hilton Head, 
South Carolina. In September, 1864, he was detached from his 
regiment, and was appointed assistant Drovost marshal for the 
Department of the South. A few months later he was made 
assistant military tax collector at Charleston, S. C. In April, 
1865, he was promoted to First Lieutenant in the 54th New 
York Veteran Regiment. During part of the following year, 
until his retirement from the army in September, 1866, he 
served under General Gilmore as provost marshal of Charles- 
ton, a position of important trust and responsibility. 

Lieutenant Geise attended the Columbia Law School at 
W ashington,and upon his return to York engaged in the practice 
of law with success for several years alone and then in Dartner- 
ship with E. D. Ziegler and Joseph R. Strawbridge. He served 
one term as prothonotary for York County, and at the time of 
his death, May 1, 1900, was mayor of the City of York. 

Captain Edgar M. Ruhl, of Company D, was born at 
Shrewsbury, Pa., June 14, 1841, and was a son of Major N. G. 
Ruhl. He entered Company D as Second Sergeant in Septem- 
ber, 1 861, was promoted to First Sergeant May 11, 1862, to 
Second Lieutenant Oct. 25, 1862, to First Lieutenant May io, 

1863, and t<? Captain April 20, 1864. During the fall of 1863 
and the early months of 1864, he served as an aide on the staff 
of General French, commanding the Third Corps. Captain 
Ruhl was in command of Company D during the campaign of 

1864, and was a brave and fearless officer. When the regiment 
returned home at the expiration of its term of service, he re- 
mained with the re-enlisted men and the new recruits who were 
formed into a battalion, and he was made its commander. 
Early in the morning of Oct. 19, 1864, while firing a revolver, 
brandishing his sword and urging on his men to aid the other 
forces in resisting a sudden attack of the enemy at Cedar Creek, 
Virginia, Captain Ruhl was struck by a minie ball, which passed 



— 303 — 

through his body, severing a large artery. He threw up his 
hands and said, "Boys, its all up with me." He died a few 
minutes later. Some of his men carried his body to the rear 
and secured his sword and some valuables which he had in his 
pockets and sent them home. When the Union forces re- 
treated from the field, Captain Ruhl's body fell into the hands 
of the enemy. But when the army, upon the arrival of Sheri- 
dan, moved forward in the afternoon his comrades recovered the 
body and gave it a temporary burial. It was afterward re- 
moved to Shrewsbury, Pa., and buried there with military hon- 
ors. The loss of Captain Ruhl was deeply felt. He was held 
in high favor among all his men. Captain Edgar M. Ruhl 
Camp Sons of Veterans at York, Pa., is named in honor of him. 
A lifesize portrait of Captain Ruhl adorns one of the walla of 
the camp room. The cavalry saber carried by him when he 
was killed, was presented to the Camp by Chaplain Eberhart, 
who had picked it up from a battle field and loaned it to Captain 
Ruhl while the ratter* s sword was being repaired in Baltimore. 

Sergeant Daniel P. Reigle enlisted as a private in Com- 
pany F, September 16, 1861, was promoted to corporal, July 
9, 1864, and to sergeant, August 25, 1864. When color bearer 
J. J. Keesey was wounded in the battle of Opequon, and the flag 
fell to the ground, Sergeant Reigle grasped the banner and car- 
ried it with the regiment into the thickest of the contest. When 
Captain Ruhl was mortally wounded at the battle of Cedar 
Creek, Sergeant Reigle stuck the flag into ground and help- 
ed to carry his fallen commander to the rear. In the meantime 
the Union line fell back, but he rushed forward and obtained the 
flag within ten yards of the advancing enemy. When the Union 
forces moved forward on a charge. Sergeant Reigle, with the 
battalion, helped to capture and re-capture a battery four times, 
finally pulling the cannon to the rear with their hands, as all the 
horses had been killed. When the enemy made the last charge 
in this battle, Sergeant Reigle captured a Confederate flag. 
For his bravery in this battle, General Sheridan sent him with 



— 3<H — 

the captured flag as a trophy of victory to Washington to pre- 
sent it to the War Department, and received a medal of honor. 
He was also granted a furlough for thirty-five days. On Aprii 
2, 1865, when the 87th, with the Sixth Corps, assaulted and 
captured the Confederate works in front of Petersburg, Ser- 
geant Reigle was among the first to plant the Stars and Stripes 
upon the enemy's ramparts. When the regiment was mustered 
out of the service in June, 1865, his comrades presented to him 
the veteran flag which he has since kept in his possession at his 
home near Taneytown, Maryland. 

Colonel James Tearney enlisted in Company B, Sept. 14, 
1 861, as a Sergeant, and was promoted to First Sergeant Oct. 
1, 1863. In the winter of 1863-4, he re-enlisted for three years 
and served with his company as a gallant soldier. In the mean- 
time he was promoted to Second Lieutenant. He received a 
slight wound at the battle of Opequon September 19, 1864. In 
November of that year, when the re-enlisted men were organ- 
ized into a battalion, he was chosen its commander. Lieuten- 
ant Tearney was promoted to Captain December 13, 1864. He 
led his command in the charge on the enemy's works in front 
of Petersburg, April 2, 1865, and- was brevetted Major for brav- 
ery in action. On May 23, 1865, he was commissioned Colo- 
nel. He was mustered out with his regiment June 29, 1865. 
Colonel Tearney died at Hollidaysburg, Pa., in 1900. 

Captain Ftndlay I. Thomas, brevetted major, was born at 
Cashtown, Adams county, Pa., August 20, 1842. He moved 
to New Oxford in i860, and was attending Dr. Pfeiffer's Colle- 
giate Institute when he enlisted as a corporal in Company I. 
He was promoted to sergeant in September, 1862. In the win- 
ter of 1863-4, he re-enlisted for three years, returned home on a 
furlough and rejoined his regiment, with other veterans r 
near Spottsylvania, Va., and took part with his command in all 
the remainder of the engagements of Grant's campaign till July 
6, 1864, when the division was sent to Monocacy to meet Early. 



— 305 — 

He was with the regiment in the campaign under Sheridan. 
On Sept. 16, 1864, he was promoted sergeant major, and on No- 
vember 16 to captain of Company C. He took part with the 
Battalion in the battles at Cedar Creek, Kearnstown, Hatcher's 
Run, Fort Fisher and Petersburg. He received a slight wound 
in the engagement along the Weldon Railroad June 23, 1864. 
He was also wounded April 2, 1865, in the engagement before 
Petersburg, Va., and for gallant and meritorious services on 
that day, was brevetted major of U. S. volunteers. On May 
23, 1865, he was promoted to major of the veteran regiment, 
and was mustered out of the service June 29, 1865, at Alexan- 
dria, Virginia. After returning home Major Thomas spent one 
year as a student in Dickinson Seminary; since then he has 
had a successful experience in the profession of teaching. He 
taught two years in ungraded public scsools, three years in the 
Uniontown Soldiers' Orphan School, and fourteen years in the 
city schools of Harrisburg. From 1886 to 1889, he was prin- 
cipal of the White Hall Soldier's Orphan School and the sue 
ceeding year was superintendent of that school. In 1890 he 
again moved to Harrisburg, where he has since been engaged 
in the public school work. He has been a member of Post 58, 
G. A. R., since 1871, and has belonged to the Pennsylvania 
Commandery of the Loyal Legion since 1887. Major Thomas 
was married in 1872 to Agnes E. Kirk, whose father was the 
first county superintendent of schools for York county. They 
have two children, a son and a daughter. 

Captain George J. Chalfant, son of James and Mary Ann 
Jessop Chalfant, members of the Society of Friends, was bora 
in York, Nov. 14, 1839, and obtained his education in the pub- 
lic and private schools of his native town. Early in life he be- 
came a machinist. He was chosen a Sergeant in the Ells 
worth Zouaves, and joined Company A of the 87th Regiment 
at Clarksburg, Virginia, in Oct., 1862, having enlisted on Aug. 
23, for three years. He served with the regiment in all its ac- 
tive campaigns. He was promoted to Second Lieutenant of hi* 



— 3° 6 — 

Company Sept. 25, 1864. As he entered the service one year 
after the regiment was mustered in, he did not return with it at 
the expiration of its term, but remained with the Battalion of 
which he was one of the few commissioned officers, when it was 
formed. With his command, he took part in the battle of Cedar 
Creek, Oct. 19, 1864, the charge upon the Confederate works at 
Petersburg, April 2, 1865, and the battle of Sailor's Creek on 
April 6. He was promoted to First Lieutenant Dec. 13, 1864, 
to Captain of Company A, May 23, 1865, and was mustered out 
of the service with his company June 29, 1865. 

It is worthy of notice here that the battle of Brandywine dur- 
ing the Revolution was fought in part on his great grandfath- 
er Chalfant's farm, and the battle of Guilford Court House in 
North Carolina on the farm of his great grandfather Jessop. 

After returning from the war Captain Chalfant resumed his 
occupation of a machinist. He was married to Miss Jennie E. 
Myers, of York. He died April 12, 1878, leaving one son. 
fames E. Chalfant. 

Lieutenant Samuel W. Kesasey, the last man of the regi- 
ment to be killed, was born in York county in'1841. He resid- 
ed on a farm in Spring Garden Township, when Robert A. 
Daniel, who was teaching school in the neighborhood, began to 
recruit for the 87th Regiment. With some of the school boys, 
he enrolled his name with Daniel's squad, came to York and 
became a Corporal in Company G of which Robert A. Daniel 
was chosen Second Lieutenant. He re-enlisted in March, 1864, 
and, for bravery in action at the battle of Cedar Creek, was pro- 
moted to Second Lieutenant of Company D, Jan. 21, 1865. 
While leading on his men in the charge upon the Confederate 
works, in front of Petersburg, April 2, 1865, he was instantly 
killed, seven days before Lee surrendered at Appomattox. His 
remains were brought home and buried in the cemetery adjoin- 
Lig Mount Zion church in Spring Garden Township. 



ROSTER 



OF 



87TH REGIMENT, P. V. I. 



FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. 



Names. 


Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


George Hay 
John W. Schall 


Colonel 


Sep. 25, '61 
Aug. 24, '61 


James Tearney 


it 


Sep. 14, '61 


James A. Stahle 


Lt. Col. 


Sep. 11, '61 


Chas. H. Buehler 
Noah G. Ruhl 


Major. 


Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 19, '6i 


Jacob Emmett, Jr. 


Adj'nt. 


Aug. 24, '61 


A. M. Marti a 




Sep. 12, '61 


Geo. C. Stroman 




Sep. 14, '61 


Wm. C Waldman 




Sep. 25, '61 


Peter Ford 


Q. M. 


Sep. 19, 61 


James Hersh 




Sep. 12, '61 


William E. Culp 


K 


Sep. 25, '61 


Wm. H. McCurdy 
Dav. F, McKinney 


Surg'n 


Oct, 15, '6i 
Oct. 15, '61 


Theo. A. Helwig 




Apr. 20, '64 


H C. Steadman 
B. J. Campbell 
Nichl's M. Hoover 
James A. Brown 
James F. Baird 
David C. Eberhart 
Chas H. Stallman 


Ast.Sur 
Chap'n 
Sg. Maj 


Aug. 1, '62 
Mar. 27, '65 
Apr. 10, '65 
Sep. 21, '61 
Aug. — , '62 
Feb. 13, '63 
Sep. 25, '61 


Robt S. Slaymaker 
Frank Geise 




Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 



Remarks. 



Discharged on Surg 's Certificate, May 9, '63. 
Pro. from Capt. Co. K to Lt. Col. Sep. 14. '61 

Col. May 9, ,63. Wounded at Cold Harbor 

June 3, '64. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Exp. of term. 
Pro. from Capt. Co. A May 23, '65 Mustered 

out with Regiment June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Pro. from Capt. Co. A to Major Jan. 1, '63; to 

Lt. Col. May 9, '63. Dis Oct. 13/64. Fx. oftrm. 
Pro. to Col. 165th P M. Dec. 25, '62. 
Pro. from Capt. Co. D May 9, '63. Com. Lt. Col. 

Not mustered. Discharged on Surgeon's 

Certificate Aug. 30. '64. 
Pro. from 2nd Lt. Co. K Sep 25, '61. Disdh'd. 

Oct. 14, '63. 

Pro. from 1st Lt. Co. I Nov. 18, '63. Killed at 

Monocacy July 9, '64 
Pro. from 1st Lt. Co. B July 9, 64. Discharged 

Oct. 13, '64. Expiration, of term. 
Pro from and Lt. Co. D Dec. 13, '64. Disch'd 

June 13, '65 Veteran. 
Pro. from 1st Lt. Co. D Sept. 21, '65. Disch'd 

February 22, '63 
Pro from 2nd Lt. Co. I Mar. 1, '63. Captured 

June 15, '63. Dischd. Oct. 13. 64. Exp. term. 
Pro. from 1st Lt. Co. C Dec. 13, '64. Mustered 

out with Regt. June 9, 1864. 
Discharged February 24, 1864. 
Pro. from Ass't Surg. Apr. 10, '64. Discharged 

Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Pro. from Ass't Surg. Feb. 6, '65. Absent on 

furlough at muster out. 
Discharged January 27, 1854. 
Mustered out with Regiment June 29, 1865. 
Mustered out with Regiment June 29, 1835. 
Resigned July 16, 1862. 
Discharged December 4, 1862. 
Captured June 15, 63. Disch. Oct. T3, '64. Ex. t. 
Pro. from Sergt. Co. C. Pro. to 2nd Lt. Co. C 
Dec. 25, 1862. (See Co. C.) 
Pro. to 1st Lt. Co. H Jan. 18, '64. (See Co. H.) 
Pro. from Corp. Co. D. Disch'd Mar. 1, '64, for 

promotion to U. S. Colored Troops. Veteran 



— ii — 



Names. 


Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


Term 
yrs. 


Cbas. P. Stroman 


Sg. Maj 


Sep. 


ii, 


♦6 1 


3 


Findlay I. Thomas 




Sep. 


12, 


'61 


3 


Joseph H. Welsh 




Sep. 


25, 


'6: 


3 


Albert Ford 


Q. M. S. 


Sep. 


'3, 


'61 


3 


Daniel Bonge. ist 




Sep. 


13. 


'61 


3 


Michael Smyser 


Com.Sg 


Sep. 


25, 


'61 


3 


"Win. McGonigal 




Sep. 


25, 


'61 


3 


John A. Weakley 


Hos.St. 


Sep. 


II, 


'61 


3 


Sample P. Gable 




Mar 


16, 


'65 


1 


I^ewis I. Renaut 


PI. Mus 


Sep. 


25, 


'6i 


3 


George Kraus 




Sep. 


13. 


'61 


3 


John Deiner 










3 


Joshua Happoldt 




Sep. 


25. 


'61 


3 


James C. McGuire 




Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 



Remarks. 



Pro. to 2nd Iyt. Co. K Aug. 7, '63. (See Co. K.) 
Pro. from Sergt. Co. I to Sergt. Major. Pro. to 

Capt. Co. C. Jan. 26, '05. Breveted Maj. Apr. 

2, '65. Veteran. (See Cos. C and I.) 
Pro. from Corp. Co. D. Jan 26 '65. Com. istLt. 

Not mustered. (See Co. G.) 
Pro. from Corp Co. F Sept. 21, '61 Discharged 

October 13, 1864. Expiration of term. 
Pro. from Corp. Co A Sept. 25 '64. Mustered 

out with Regiment June 9, 1865. Veteran. 
Pro. from Private Co. F May i, '62. Captured 

June 15, '63 Disch. Oct 13,65. Exp. of term. 
Pro. from Corp. Co F. Sept. 25, '64. Absent on 

furlough at muster out Veteran. 
Pro. fr. Corp. Co. K Dis. Oct. 13, '64 Ex. term. 
Pro. from Private Co. A May 10, '65 Mustered 

out with Regiment June 9, 1865. 
Pro from Musician Co G Oct. 20, '63 Transf. 

toCo DNov 1, '65 Mus. out with Co. D. Vet. 
Pro. from Private Co. E May — , 1862. Died at 

Annapolis, Md., May 11, 1863. 
Died at Hanover, Pa., March 12, 1863. 
Pro from Mus'n Co. E Nov. 2, '64 Mustered 

out with Company June 29, 1865. Veteran. 
Pro. from Private Co. C May 1, '65. Mustered 

out with Company June 29 '65. Veteran. 



COMPANY A. 



James A. Stahle 


Capt'n. 


Sep. 


n> 


'61 


3 


John Fahs 


do 


Sep. 


"> 


'61 


3 


George J. Chalfant 


do 


Aug. 


23 


'6. 


3 


Jacob Hay, Jr. 


ist Et. 


Sep. 


n' 


♦61 


3 


John F. Spangler 


do 


Sep. 


"» 


'61 


3 


Wm. Bierbrower 


and Et. 


Sep. 


ii, 


'61 


3 


Alexander Kipp 


ist Sgt. 


Sep. 


11, 


'61 


3 


Frederick Hubley 


Sergt. 


Sep. 


ii, 


'61 


3 


Elijah Francis 


do 


Sep. 


11, 


♦61 


3 


Jos. Berkheimer 


do 


Sep. 


n» 


'61 


3 


Wm. F. Zorger 


ist Sgt. 


Sep. 


11, 


♦61 


3 


Henry Shultz 


Sergt. 


Sep. 


iif 


'61 


3 


George Tawser 


do 


Sep. 


11, 


♦6i 


3 


John J. Schall 


do 


Sep. 


11, 


'61 


3 


I^ewis Frey 


do 


Sep. 


ii, 


'61 


3 


Benj. F. Frick 


do 


Sep. 


ii, 


'61 


3 


Edwd. Monaghan 


do 


Aug 


1, 


•62 


3 


Joseph Hare 


Corp'l. 


July 


16, 


•64 


3 


Jere. Carbaugh 


do 


July 


5. 


64 


3 


Reynolds Pilgrim 


do 


July 


4, 


64 


3 


Charles Metzger 


do 


Sep. 


11, 


*6 1 


3 



Promoted to Major January 1, 1865. 

Pro. to ist Et. Dec. 7, '6i ; to Capt. Jan 1, '63. 

Captured June 23, '64. Disch'd Mar. 12, 186.5 
Pro. to 2nd Et. Sep. 25, '64; to istLt. Dec. 13, '64; 

to Cap . Mar. 23, '65. Mustered out with Co. 

June 29, 1865. 
Resigned November 28, 1861. 
Pro from 2nd Et. Jan. 1, '63. Died July 15, of 

wounds rec'd at Monocacy, Md.. July 9, 1864. 

Buried in Union Cemetery at York, Pa. 
Pro. to 2nd Et. Jan. 1, '63. Commis'ned ist Et. 

July 10. '64. Not mustered. Captured June 15, 

1863. Discharged March 12, 1-65 
Wounded June 23, '64 Pro from Sergt. May 29, 

'65. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Vet. 
Wounded in '64. Mustered out with Company 

June 29, 1865 Veteran. 
Wounded June 23, '64 Mustered out with Co. 

June 29, 1 865. Veteran. 
I Pro. from Corporal May 29, '65 Mustered out 

with Company June 29, 1865. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13 1864. Expiration of term. 
Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga., April 5, '65. No. of grave, 12,824. 
Discharged October 13, '64. Expiration of trm. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged by Special Order March 1, '64. to 

accept promotion in U. S Colored Troops. 
Discharged by General Order June 20, '64. 
Substitute. Pro. to Corp. Sep 25, '64. Wounded 

at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, '64. Absent at 

muster out. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Prisnr. fr. Jun. 23, '64 to Ap. 20, '65. Pro to Cor. 

May 29, '65. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29, '95. Vet. 



Ill — 



Names. 



Rank. 



Win Brubaker | Corp'l. 
Chas A.Eauinaster do 

Alfred J. Jameson do 



Harrison Heidler \ 
Daniel Bcgne, ist 
Charles Denues 
Robt.S. Slaymaker 
Sml. Baumgardner 



do 
do 
do 
do 
do 



Date of § i- 
Muster into ^ ^ 
Service. K 



Wm. F. Smith ! do 
Harry Fink iMus'n. 
Franklin Barnhart do 
Andrews, Saml. R Private 



Andre ws,HowrdF. 

Burns, Jos. G. W. 
Boll, Christian 
Barefield, Hend'n 
Barefield, John 
Bendon, Simon 

Baker, John C. 
Bittinger, John 

Berry, John 
Beitzel, Edwin 
Bonge, Frederick 
Brown, Alexander 
Bott, Peter 

Butterbaugh, Geo. 
Brown, John H. 
Coleman, Eman'l 
Cassidy, James B 
Clapper, Jacob 
Dissinger, Martin 
Deuliuger, Henry 
Denues, William 

Dellinger, Charles 
Enrick, Alfred 
Eiserman,Christ'n 
Evans, Samuel 
Everhart, Henry 
Ensinger.HenryA. 

Feige, Julius 
Felty, William 
Frick, Abraham 
Fritz, Jacob 
Feathers, George 
Fissel, Oliver 

Fahs, Hamilton 
Glassmyer, Jacob 
Ginter, Henry C. 

Gotwalt, Charles E 
Galloway, James 
Ginder, Samuel 
Gable, Sample P. 
Hunter, Jackson 

Heite, George 
Hinkle, David 



do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 



Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. ii, '61 

Sep. ii, '61 

Sep. :i, '6 1 
Sep. ii, '61 
Sep. ii, '61 
Sep. n, '61 
Sep. ii, '61 ' 

Sep. 3, '62 
Sep, ir, *6i 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 

Sep. 11, '61 

Aug. 2, '64 
Aug. 1, '64 
June 29, '64 
July 2;, '64 
July 6, '64 

Mar. 17, '65 
Sep. 11, '6r 

Sep. 11, '6i 
Sep. 11, '6t 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11. '61 
Sep. 11, '61 

June 18, '64 
June 17, '64 
Sep. 11, '61 
July 25, '64 
Mar. 8, '65 
Mar. 17, '65 
Mar. 14, '6> 
Sep. 11, '6i 

Sep. 11, '6i 
June 3, '64 
Mar. 14, '65 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 

Mar.' 17, '65 
Sep. ii, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. ir, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 

Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '6i 
Sep. 11, '6i 

Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '62 
Sep. 3, '62 
Mar. 16, '65 
July 2, '64 



June 18, '64 3 
July 11, '64 3 



Remarks. 



Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Died at Blackshear. 
'64. 



Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner fiom July 9, '64, to Feb. 21, '65. Dis- 
charged April 1, '65. 

Wounded in Winchester campaign. Disch'd 
October 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Promoted Q. M. Sergt. Sept. 25, '64. Veteran. 

Dicharged on Surgeon's Certificate Jan 2 , '64. 

Promoted to Sergeant Major Dec. 25, '62. 

Wounded June 23, '64. Discharged on Surg'ns 
Certificate May 12, '65. Veteran. 

Discharged by General Order June 20, "65. 

Discharged Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '61. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner from June 23, '64, to Apr. 28, '65. Dis- 
charged June 1 r, '65. 

Prisoner from June 23, '64, to Apr. 28 '65. Dis- 
charged June ,11 '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 2q, '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Substitute Mustered out with Co. June 2 , '65. 

Drafted. Wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 
19, '65. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Discharged by General Order August 3, '65. 

Captured at Monocacy, Md. July 9, '63. Died 
Jul. 12, '64, at Fredk. Md. Bur. Rc. Olv't Cem. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 

Capturd June 323, '64. 
Georgia, December — _ 

Drafted. Died at Annapolis. Md.. Mar. 18, '65. 

Sub. Captrd. Died at Salisbury,N.C.,Dec.i2,'64. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65 Veteran. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Muttered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Wounded at Cold Harbor. Prisoner fr. Sep. 24, 
'64, to Feb. 28, '65. Discharged April 12, '65. 

Died at Baltimore, Md., March 30, '62. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Killed at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12/64. Bur- 
ied in Burial Grounds in Wilderness, Va. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct* 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wnd. May 12, '64. Abs. in hosp. at muster out. 

Captured at Monocacy, Md , July 8, '64. Dis- 
charged Sep. 27, '65, to date Nov. 23, '64. 

Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps April 4, '64. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Prisoner from Sep. 24, '64, to Mar. 2, '65. Dis- 
charged April 25, '65. W'nd at Winchester. 

Prisn'r fr. Jun. 23 to Nov. 27, '64. Dis. Feb. 2, '65. 

Discharged on Surgeon's Certific't Apr. 26, '65. 

Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 

Promoted to Hospital Steward May 10, '65. 

Drafted. Wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 
19, '64. Absent at muster out. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65, 



— iv — 



Names. 


Rank. 


Date oj 
Muster into 
Service. 


Term 
1 yrs. 


Herbstritt, Martin 


Private 


Oct. T5, 


'64 


1 


Holkamp, William 


do 


July 12 


'64 


3 


Hoke, David 


do 


June ii 


, '64 


3 


Hamilton, Milt. H. 


do 


Aug. 2, 


'64 


3 


Hoover, John 


do 


Mar. 22 


y 65 


1 


Hersch, Philip 


do 


Mar. 27 


i'65 


1 


Hyde, Charles 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6 1 


3 


Hawkins, James 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6i 


3 


Hamme, Henry 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


TJdtidriWcnti T yt- 


do 


Sep. it, 


'61 


3 


Johnson, George 


do 




'64 


3 


Kessler, Michael 


do 


July 12 


'6* 


3 


Kohr, David 


do 


Aug. 2S 


, '62 


3 


Kahili, William 


do 


Mar. 2 1 


' '6=, 

1 u o 


1 


Keller, Henry 


do 


Mar. 15 


'6=, 


1 


Keller, James 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Kepner, Stephen 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6 1 


3 


Kramer, Harrison 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6t 


3 


Kipp, John 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6t 


3 


Koch, George 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Knodel, George 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


j^,ciicr 7 j? IU.C1C 


do 




3 


Ivintner, Benj. H. 


do 


Mar -0 


'6c. 


1 


Iyaumaster, Daniel 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


T ill^r TTf*tiTV 
±^±ny % iicui y 


do 


July 28, 


'64 


3 


Miller, Andrew 


do 


July 29, 


6a 

\JQ. 




Myers, Michael 


do 


fulv 18 




3 


TVTnfifi+t W/il 1 iam 

lVl.UIiil.1., VV 111 Ad i_LL 


do 


July 4, 


04 


3 


Miller, George, Jr. 


do 




'61 


3 


Miller, George, Sr. 


do 


Sep. 11 ] 


'61 


■2 



Miller, George 


do 




'6 s 


1 


Morgan. John A. 


do 


July 14' 


'64 


3 


Marrow Michael 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6l 


3 


Metzgar, F. T. 


do 


Sep. ir, 


6l 


3 


IVIiles, Samuel 


do 




'6l 


3 


Morgan, William 


do 


June 18 


,'64 


3 


McWilliams, Jacob 


do 


hep. it, 


'6l 


3 


McClintick, Jos.H. 


do 


juiy 30? 


04 


1 


McCleary, William 


do 


Sep. 8, 


62 


3 


Neuman, Henry I,. 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6 ' 


3 


Noll, George 


do 


June 24 


04 


3 


Philips, Jacob 


do 




05 


3 


Parks, Stephen I*. 


do 


June 9 


°4 


3 


Platts, George 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Pentz, Henry C. 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'6i 


3 


Poleman, Henry 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Patterson, James 


do 


Sep. it, 


'61 


3 


Quinn, Hugh 


do 


July 3 r, 


'62 


3 


Rhodes, Abraham 


do 


Sep. it, 


'61 


3 


Richey, Simon 


do 


June 2, 


'64 


3 


Rupert, Amos 


do 


Sep. 11. 


'61 


3 


Rutledge, Thomas 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Rhinehart, Geo. 


do 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Rouse, I^uke R. 


do 


Sep. ii, 


'61 


3 


Robinson, Thad's 


do 


July 6, ' 


64 


3 


Richey, Joseph 


do 


July 13, 


'64 


3 


Rice, William H. 


do 


July 3,.' 


64 


3 


Rhodes Abraham 


do 


June 18 


'64 


3 


Shellenberger, J. 


do 


June 1, 


'64 


3 



Remarks. 



Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Substitute. Wounded at Cedar Creek. Dis- 
charged on Surgeon's Certificate Apr. 1, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Wd Jun. 23, '64. Abs. in hospt'l at ex. of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. at Spottsylvania. Dis. Oct. 13, '64. Ex. of t. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co June 29, '65. 

Sub. Wounded Oct. 19/64. Abs. at muster out. 

Discharged by General Order June 23, '95 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Missing since May 27, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Cert. May 20, '64. Vet. 

Died Oct. 10, '64. Buried in National Cemetery 
at Antietam, Md.. Sec. 26, I,ot E. Grave 545. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 

Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps April 4, '64. 

Sub. Disch. on Surg.'s Certificate May 12, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co June 29, '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term, 

Discharged on Surgeon's Certifict. May 12, '65. 

Subst. Discharged by Gen'l Order May 25, '65. 

Prisoner from June 22 to Nov. 26, '65. Disch'd 
June 8, '65. Veteran. 

Wounded at Carter's Woods. Disc. Apr. 15, '64. 

Died at York, Pa., January 17, '62. 

Drafted. Died at Winchester, Va. Oct. 25, of 
wounds received at Cedar Creek Oct. 19, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded at Cedar Creek. Discharged on Sur- 
geon's Certificate April 10, '65. 

Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 

Wounded June 23, '64. Abs. in hosp. at ex. of t. 

Wounded at Cedar Creek. Disch. Nov. 25, '64. 

Drafted. Captured at Cedar Creek Oct. 19, '64. 

Sub. Discharged by General Order May 26/65. 

Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 

Wounded at Winchester. Capture Sep. 24, '64. 
Pris'r Sep 24/64, to Mar.2,'6> Dis. May 10/65. 

Captr'djul 9. '64. Died at Danville, Va., Oct. 2, 
'64. Bur. in Nat Cm., Sec A, Div. 1, Grav. 120. 

Dfscharged on Surg.'s Cert. Date unknown. 

Prisoner from July 9, '64, to Apr. 20, '65. Mus- 
tered out with Company June 9, '65. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Wd. at Cedar Creek. Mus out w. Co. Jul. 29/65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surgeon's Certifict. Jan. 22, '64. 

Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps Apr. 4, '64. 

Drafted. Disch. on Sur. Certificate May 12/65. 

Subst'd. Disch. on Sur. Certificate May 20/65. 

Drftd. Died Apr. 24, '65, of wounds rec'd at Pe- 
tersb'g.Va., Apr. 2, '65. Bur. Arlngt'n C, Va. 

Drftd. Killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19 '64. 

Drafted Disch. b y General Order May 20, '65. 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 



Remarks. 



Seninger, Joseph 
Seeman, Charles 
Stauffer, John H. 
Shrom, Jacob 
-•Smith, Abraham 
Strayer, George 
Shuman, William 
Sauppe, Herman 
Spahr, Charles 
Smith, Emanuel 
Stroup, Joseph 
Schriver, William 

Snyder, Charles 
Shellenberger, Jno 
Stoner, Samuel 
Tomes, Michael 
Upp, Jacob S. 
Wilson, James 
Wise, Henry 
Wise, Jacob P. 
Weller, John W. 
Weller, Samuel W. 
Witman, Peter 
Zechman, William 
Zimmerman , Edw, 
Zellers, Daniel 
Ziegler, Martin 



Private 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

d 

do 

do 

do 



June i, '64 
Mar. 18, '65 
Mar. 14, '65 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep 11, "6f 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '6i 
Sep. 11, '61 

Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '6 1 
Sep, 11, '6 1 
Sep. 11, '6 1 
Sep. 11, '61 
July 7, '64 
Mar. 17, '65 
Mar. 18, '65 
Mar. 17, '65 
Mar. 17, '65 
Sep. 11, '61 
June 3, '64 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Sep. 11, '6r 



Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Mustered out with Company Juue 29, '6=;. 
Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Pris. Jun. 23, 64 to Apr. 28, '65. Disc. Jun. ir/65. 
Dischaiged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct 13, '64. ' Expiration of teim. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Winchester. Prisoner from June 
23, '63, to Apr. 28, '65. Discharged Jun. 11, '65, 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Disch on Surgn's Certificate. Date unknown. 
Dicharged on Surgeon's Certificate Mar. 24, 64. 
Died at York, Pa., December 27, '62 
Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps Apr. 4, '64. 
Substitute. Captured September 18, '64. 
Mustered out with Company June 29, '65 
Mustered out with Company June 29, '6s. 
Discharged by General Order July 25, '65. 
Discharged by General Order July 19, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '64. 
Wd. at Spottsylvania. Dis. Oct. 13. '64. Ex. trm. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



COMPANY B. 



Jacob Detwiler 


Capt'n. 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


Eewis Maish 




Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


John Crull 


1st Et. 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Geo. C. Stroman 


do 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


James Tearney 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Samuel F. Keller 


1st Sgt. 


Sep 


14. 


'61 


3 


Henry Epley 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


William K. Parker 


Sergt. 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


James S. Grimes 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Theo. A. Gardner 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Edward T. Rudy 


do 


Sep. 


14. 


*6i 


3 


Wm. Drabenstadt 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Sobieski Eeib 


do 


Sep. 


'4. 


'61 


3 


Robert D. Greer 


do 


Sep. 


I4> 


»6i 


3 


William Walters 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'6 1 


3 


Aug. Winegardner 


Corp'l. 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Henry C. Shatzler 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Thomas Malone 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Joseph M. Funk 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


John Mathias 


% 


Sep. 


14, 


*6i 


3 


I,ucas Shurer 




Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


William H. Zorger 


do 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 



Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate Jul.21,'63. 
Pro. fr. 2nd Et. to 1st Et. May 26, '63 ; to Capt. 

Oct. 25 '63. Captrd. Jun.23,'64. Dis. Mar 23, 65. 
Resigned May 26, '63 

Pro fr. 1st Sergt. to 2nd Et. May 26 '63; to 1st 

Et. Oct. 25, '63; to Adjutant July 9, '64. 
Pro. fr. Sergt to 1st Sergt. Oct. 1, '63; to rst Et. 

Aug. 9, '64; to Capt. Co. A Dec. 13, '64; to Brev. 

Maj. Apr. 2, '65; to Col. May 23, 65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 
Commis'd 1st Et. May io,'65. Dis on Surgeon's 

Certificate May 16, '65. Veteran. 
Pro. fr. Private to Sergt. Oct. 23, '64 Mustered 

out with Company June 29' '65. Veteran. 
Promoted fr Corp. May 16. '65. Mustered out 

with Company June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga., Oct. 10, '64. No. of grave, 10,622. 
Pro. fr. Corp. Jun. 1, '64. Dis.Oct.13,'64. Ex. of t. 
Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate Apr.7,'63. 
Killed at Carter's Woods, near Winchester, 

Va. June 15, '63. 
Died at Phila., Pa , May 31, '64. of wounds re- 
ceived at Wilderness, Va., May 7, '64. 
Pro. to Corp June 23, '64 Prisoner fr. June 23, 

'64 to Apr. 28, '65. Dis. Jun. 16, '65. Veteran. 
Pro. to Corp. Oct. 23. '64. Prisnr. fr. Jun. 23/64, 

to May 2, '65. Disch. June 17, '65. Veteran. 
Pro. to Corp Jan. 20, '65. Captured Jun. 23, '64. 

Mustered out with Co. June 26, '65. Veteran. 
Wounded May 6, '64. Absent at Exp. of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded June 23, '64. Absent at Exp. of erm. 
Wounded Nov. 27. '63. Absent at Exp, of term. 



— vi — 



/ 



Names. 


Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


Term 
\ yrs. 


John A. Hiney 


Corp'l 


Sep. 14, 


'6i 


3 


Samuel Madlam 


do 


Sep 14, 


'61 


3 


John Smith 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


John I,eas 


do 


Oct. 31, 


61 


3 


George Toomey 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6i 


3 


Daniel W. Keiter 


do 


Sep 14 

P- 4i 


'6i 


3 


Wm. C. Barringer 


Musc'n 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


John Walzer 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


Ayers, Edward T. 


Private 




'61 


3 


Arnold, John 


do 


5ep 14' 


'61 


1 


Bare, Samuel 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6i 


3 


Ball, Andrew M. 


do 


June 4, 


64 




Blouse, Daniel 


do 




'61 


3 


Bluste, Adam 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


Boush, Montgom'y 


do 


Set) i^; 


'61 


3 


Burge, Robert 


do 




'64 


3 


Barnitz, Jonathan 


do 


Sep ^4' 


'6l 


3 


Bentley, John 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6[ 


3 


Connelly, William 


do 


July 7> 


Sa 

->4 


3 


Cook, Harris J. 


do 


Tulv 2 ' 


S"4 


3 


Cotton, William 


do 


Tiilv 7 ' 




3 


Callan, John 


do 




64 


3 


Corl, James E. 


do 


j^uly 9, 


'6l 


^ 


Clune, John 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6l 


3 


Crist, Addison 


do 


Sep. id, 


'6l 


3 


Car ol, William 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6l 


3 


Coble, Moses 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6r 


■3 



Dorfort, John 


do 


July 3' ' 




3 


Drabenstadt, Fink 


do 


Son -a 




•2 



Drake, Christophr 


do 






3 


Diehl, Eli 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


Epler, Bennevill.C 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6t 


3 


Eicholtz, William 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


Epler, Jacob D. 


do 


Can Tit 


'61 


3 


Fisher, Silas 


uo 


June 3> 






Foor, Jeremiah 


do 


June 3> 


'6a 




Gauntz, Daniel 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6 


3 


Glazier, Frederick 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'61 


3 


Gastrock, Devi 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6i 




Gallagher John 


do 


Sep. 1/, 


'61 


'\ 
3 


Hummel, Joseph 


QO 


Sep. 14, 


'6t 


3 


Hanks, Benson 


do 


june 3, 


04 


3 


Hoover, William 


do 


Jun. <9, 






Hull, Mathias 


do 




'61 


3 


Hursh, Samuel 


do 


Till 

JUL 13, 




3 


Heiman, Michael 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6l 


3 


Hurley, Tohn 


do 


Sep 14 


'6t 


3 


Hunter, John F. 


do 




'6l 


1 



Herrold, John 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6l 


3 


Hoenig, Eewis. 


do 


Sep 14, 


'6l 


3 


Hann, Joseph C. 


do 


June 3, 


'64 


3 


Johnson, Jacob 
Jones, Edward 


do 


Sep. 14, 


'6l 


3 


do 


June 1, 


"64 


3 


Kendrick, James 


do 


Sep. 14 


'6l 


3 


Kipple, Cyrus W. 


do 


Sep. 14 


'6l 


4 


Kueller, Charles 


do 


July 25, 


'64 


5 


Karstetler, Jacob 


do 


July 30 


'64 


3 


Iyewis, Jacob 


do 


Sep. 14 


'6l 


3 


I,enhart, Henry 


do 


Sep. 14 


'61 


3 


I^ewis, Edward 


do 


Jul. 14, 


'64 


3 


Miller, William 


do 


Sep. 14 


'6 1 


3 


Moore, David 


do 


July 9, 


'64, 


3 


Mansberger, I^ev 


do 


Sep. 14 


'61 


3 



Remarks. 



Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Discharged on Su geon's Certificate Jan. 12, '62. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mar. 28, '63. 
Pris. fr. Jul. 9/64 to Feb. 22, '65. Dis Apr. 27, '65. 
Captured Jun. 23, '64 Discharged on Surgeon's 

Certificate May 16, '65 Veteran. 
Killed at Winchester, Va , Sep. 19 '64. Buried 

at National Cemetery. Eot 18. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Sep. 29, '6i. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged on Surg 's Certificate May 2, '63. 
WdatC'ld Harb. Mus.out w.Co.Jun.29,'65. Vet. 
Drafted Disch. by General Order May 26, '65. 
Mustered out with Co Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mar. 17, '63. 
Substitute. Dis. on Surg.'s Certfc't May 16, '65. 
Died at New Creek, W. Va., August 1, '62. 
Died October 29, '61 
Substitute. Captured September 8, '64 
Substitute. Absent at muster out. 
Substitute, Absent at muster out. 
Substitute Captured September 8, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13 '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 12, '62. 
Discharged on Surg 's Certificate Apr. 9, 63. 
Cap. Jun. 23. '64. Dis on Sur. Ct. May 16/65. Vek 
Died December 4, 62. 
Substitute. Mustered Out Jun. 29, '65. 
Captured Jun. 23, '64 Died at Andersonv., Ga. 
Drafted Disch. by General Order July 27, '65. 
Died at Alexandria Apr. r/64. No ofGr., 1,715 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate March, '63. 
Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Disch. by General Order June 9. '65. 
Discharged Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of ierm. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 26, '64. 
Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga., Mar. 2, '65. Grave No. 12,719. Veteran. 
Drafted Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Pris. fr. Jun.23,'64,to May 16/65. Disc. Jul.19, 65. 
Drafted. Absent sick at muster out 
Wd. at Carter's Woods, Va., Jan. i5.'6*. Prisnr. 

fr Jun. 23/64, to May 2/65. Disch. Jun. 21, '65. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr. 7, '63. 
Died at Alexandria Sep. 14/64. No of Grv. 2,671. 
Drafted. Died Oct. 27, '64, of wounds received 

at Winchester, September 19, '64. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Sept. 23, '63. 
Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '65. Expiration of term. 
Wd. Jun. 23/64. Disch.Oct. 13/64. Exp of term. 
Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Sub Disch. Nov. 13/64, for wds.rec'd in action. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mar. 17, '63. 
Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 
Discharged Oct. 13. 64. Expiration of term. 
Substitute Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Pris fr Sep. 24/64, to Mar. 8/65. Dis. Jul. 2;, '65. 



— vii — 



Names. 



Morrison, James 
Milliken Franklin 

Mattis, Silas 
Myers, John 

Meiseuheld'r,Wsh 

McDonald, Rann'll 
McCoy, Jacob 

McL,ane, William 
Nagle, David 
Newell, Oriel G. 
Nichols, Urias R. 
Nicholas, George 
Nauss, Alexander 
Oren, James 

Oxenrider, John 

Price, Thomas 
Payler, Samuel 
Powell, Ackinson 
Preston, Jay E. 
Quinn, Richard 
Quickel, Gideon 
Richardson, Jas. 
Roush, Adam 
Raush, Jacob 
Roat, Abraham 
Rouch, George W. 
Rupp, John K. 
Renninger, Adam 
Richard, Henry H. 
Ramsay William 

Simmons, John C. 
Spayd, William F. 
Snow, Elijah 
Smith, Bernard 
Spangler, I,evi 
Smith, Thomas S. 
Sheets, John 
Snyder, Augustus 
Updegrove, Thos 
Vogelsong, John 
Veoman, Nathan'l 
Welker, Henry C. 

Watson, Wm. W. 
Weaver, William 
Wise, Augustus 
Williams, Thomas 
Wilhelm, Henry 
Wertz, Gottlieb 
Watts, Thomas 

Woalden , Henry W 
Williams, Andr. B. 
York, Francis M. 
Zartman, Samuel 

Zorger, George 
Zorger, Peter F. 

Zook, David 
Zarger, Isaac U. 



Rank. 



Private 
do 

do 

do 

do 

do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 



July 14, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '6 1 

Sep. 14, '61 

June 3, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '6 s 
July 6, '64 
fuly 22, '64 
Sep. 14, '6i 
Jun. 10, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 

June 3, '64 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 



Sep. 14, 
June 3, 
Sep. 14, 
July 26, 
Sep. 14, 
June 9, 
Sep. id, 
Jun. 10, 
Jun. 4, ' 
Sep. 14, 
Sep. 14, 
Sep. 14, 
Jun 20, 
Jun. 3, ■ 
Sep. 14, 



Sep. 14, '6 1 
Sep. 14, '61 
July 2, '64 
Sep. 14, '6i 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '6i 
July 28, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Aug. 1, '64 
Sep. 14, '6i 

Jun. 28, '64 
Jun. 3, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
July 7, 64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '6 
Sep. 14, '61 

July 3, '64 
June 9, '64 
June 28, '64 
Sep, 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 



do Sep. 14, '61 3 
do Oct. 31, '61 3 



Remarks. 



Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 

Prisoner from Sep. 24, '64, to Feb. 27, '65. Dis- 
charged Apr 11, 65. 

Absent sick at expiration of term. 

Wounded at Spottsylvania May 11, '64. Disch. 
October 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded at Spottsylvania Discharged Octo- 
ber 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Wounded at I,ocust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, '63, 
Discharged Oct. 3, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Sep. 11, '62. 

Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Wounded Aug. 16, '64. Absent at Exp. of term. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner from June 23, '64, to Ap. 19, "65. Dis- 
charged June 9, '65. 

Substitute. Discharged Feb. 6,' 65, for wounds 
received at Winchester, Va., Sep. 19, '64. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate May 30, '63. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Missing in action, Winchester, June 15, '63. 

Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Disch on Surg.'s Certif. May 16, '65. Veteran. 

Drafted. Mustered ont June 29, 65. 

Absent with leave at muster out. Veteran. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 69, '65. 

Wd. at Spottsylv. Dis. Oct. i3,'64. Exp. oftrm. 

Captured Jun. 23,'64. Died at Florence, S. C. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Drafted. Disch. by General Order May 19, '65. 

Substitute, Died at Winchester Nov. 4, '64. 

Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville 
Ga. Grave No. 10,863. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. at Spottsylv. Dis. Oct. i3,'64. Exp. oftrm. 

Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '65. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 12, '62. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 12, '62. 

Died January 17, '63. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 

Substitute. Killed at Fisher's Hill Sep. 22, '64. 

Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville 
Ga. Grave No. 12,493. 

Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 

Wd. at Monocacy Jul. 9, '64. Abs. at Exp.of tm. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certif. Date unknown. 

Died Aug, 23/63. Buried in U. S. Hospital Cem- 
etery, Annapolis, Md. 

Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 

Drafted. Disch. by General Order June 3, '65. 

Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 

Wounded at Spottsylvania. Captured June 23, 
64. Died at Millen Prison, Georgia. 

Captured June 23, '64. Died at Florence, S. C. 

Prisoner from Sep. ?4, '64, to Feb. 28, '65. Dis- 
charged April 7, '65. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Dec. 23, '62. 

Discharged Nov. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



COMPANY C. 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 



Remarks. 



Andrew J. Fulton 
Murray S. Cross 

Findlay I. Thomas 



Samuel Saylor 
William E. Culp 
Jonath. J. Keesey 



Wm. E. Patterson 
Chas. H. Stallman 



Isaac Wagner 

RamsayHannagan 
Andrew J. Wetzel 



H. F. Waltemeyer 



John Aker 

William A. Haack 
Adam H. Carman 
Hays Edie 
Adam H. StifHer 

John C Brown 
EH Ream 
Eli Ream 

Art's Hildebrand 

Morris J. Powell 
Rufus Grim 

Elijah B. Gibson 

Henry Einn 

Samuel F. Nevin 
James E. Handley 
Francis A. Hersey 
Pius N. Minnick 
Steward Griffith 
Samuel B. Ruhl 

Isaiah Hoff 
Greenberry Eovel 
Jacob H. Snyder 
James C. Maguire 
Applegate, Thos. 
Anstine,Beniah K. 
Bates, James 
Barnes, James E. 
Bilby, Edward 
Bortner, Harry H. 



Capt'n. 
do 



do 



i st Et. 

do 
do 



2nd Et 
do 



do 



do 

ist Sgt, 



do 



Serg'nt 

do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
Corp'l 

do 

do 
do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
Mus'n. 

do 

do 
Private 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 



Sep. 14, '6i 
Sep. 14, '6i 

Sep. 12, '61 



Sep. 14, *6i 
Sep. 25, '6i 
Sep. 14, '61 



Sep. 14, '6i 
Sep. 25, '61 



Sep. 25, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 



Sep. 14, '61 



Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '6r 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 14, '6i 

Sep. 14, '61 
Jan. 1, '64 

Sep. 14, '6i 

Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 24, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 

Jan. 1, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Aug. 1, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Jul. 17, '64 
Aug. 2, '64 
Jul. 28, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 



Brennem'n.Wm.H do Sep. 14, '61 



Promoted to Col. 166th Regt. P. M. Dec, 24, '62. 
Promoted from ist Et. Dec. 25, '62. Disch. Oct. 

13, '64 Expiration of term. 
Promoted from Sergt. Maj. toCapt. Jan. 26/65; 

to Brev. Maj. Apr. 2/65. Mustered out with 

Company Juh~. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Pro. to ist Et. Dec 25, '62. Disch. Jan. 30, '64. 
Transf. fr. Co. H. Pro. to Q M. Dec. 13/64. Vet. 
Prom, from ist Serg. to ist Et. May 29/65. Com- 
missioned Capt. June 15, '65. Notmusterd. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Dec. 25, '62. Pro. Adjt. 166th P. M. 
Pro. from Serg. Maj, Dec. 25 '62. Com ist Et. 

Jan. 31, '64. Not mustered. Captured Jun. 22, 

'64. Discharged Mar. 14, '65. 
Transf. fr. Co. H. Com. Capt. Oct. 29, '64. Not 

mustered. Discharged Nov. 4, '64. 
Pro. fr. Sgt Sep. 25/64. Disch. Jun. 21/65. Vet. 
Pro. fr. Cor. to Sgt. May 13/65; to ist Sgt. May 

29, '65. Com. 2d Et. Jun. 18/65. Not mustered. 

Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Pro to ist Sgt. May 1, '64 Com. 2dEt. Jan. 31. 

'64. Not mustered. Died Jul. 22, '64, of wds. 

rec'd at Monocacy, Md.. Jul. 9/64. Buried in 

Mt. Olivet Cemetery, Frederick, Md. 
Promoted from Corpl. May 14, '65. Mustered 
I out with Company June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 
Pro. to Sgt. Aug. 1 ,'64. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Ex. oftm. 
Discharged on Surg. 's Certificate Mar. 25. '63. 
Died at Washt'n D. C, Jul. 6, '64, of wds. rec'd 

in action Bur. in Nat. Cem , Arlington, Va., 
Dischd. on Surg.'s Certificate May 12, '65. Vet. 
Dischd. on Surg.'s Certificate May 13, '65. Vet. 
Pro. to Cor. Aug. 1, '64. Wd. at Opequon, Va., 

Sep. 19, '64. Absent at muster out. Veteran. 
Pro. to Cor. June '64. Prisnr. fr. Jun. 22, '64, to 

Apr. 28/65. Discharged Jun 11, '65. Veteran. 
Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Promoted to Corporal May 14, '65. Mustered 

out with Company June 29, '6s. Veteran. 
Promoted to Corporal May 14, '65. Mustered 

out with Company June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Promoted to Corporal May, 29, '65. Mustered 

out with Company June 29, '6s. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13/ 65. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '65. Expiration of term. 
Missing in Action at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64. 
Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 
Died at New Creek, W. Va., September 14, '62. 
Died July 14, '64, of wounds received inaction. 

Buried in Nat. Cemetery, Arlington, Va. 
Killed near Petersburg, Va., Jun. 23, '64. Vet. 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 
Pro. to Principal Musician May i, '65 Veteran. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Missing in action at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Drafted Discharged by Gen. Order Jun. 28/95. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Wounded at Monocacy, Md.. July 9, '64 .Dis- 
charged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured at Petersburg, Va., June 23, '64. 



ix — 







Date of 




Names. 


Rank. 


Muster 


'n to 








Set 


■vice. 




Blaney, Henry E. 


Private 


Sep. 


H, 


'61 


3 


Bull, Thomas 


do 


Ssp. 


18, 


'61 


3 


Blake, Oram G. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Blausser, John N. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Beck, Jesse 


do 


Sep. 


J 4< 


'61 


3 


Breal. Henry 


do 


Sep. 


18, 


'61 


3 


Case, William J. 


do 


July 


12, 


'64 


3 


Covolt, Jacob 


do 




3. 


64 


3 


Cross, Samuel 


do 


Sep. 


13, 


'61 


3 


Clement, William 


do 


July 


2, ' 


64 


3 


Crowl, John A. 


do 


Sep. 


9, 


62 


3 


Dutt enheiffer, Geo. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'6t 


3 


Davis. Martin 


do 


June 


4, 


'64 


3 


Dice, Daniel 


do 


Jan. 


1, 


64 


3 


Danner, V. Buren 


do 


Aug 


26 


'64 


3 


Edie, John E. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Farnham, Edgar C. 


do 


July 


25, 


'64 


3 


- Fisher, Richard 


do 


Aug 


3, 


64 


3 


Flinn, Samuel 


do 


July 


2, ' 


64 


3 


Flinn, Richmond 


do 


Sep. 


14) 


'61 


3 


Flinn, Jeremiah 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Frey, Eewis C. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'6i 


3 


Fulton, David G. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


•6r 


3 


Fluck, Porter 


do 


June 


4» 


64 
"64 


3 


Glancy, William 


do 


June 


10 


3 


Grove, Jacob 


do 


June 


xo 


'64 


3 


Gardner, Absalom 


do 


July 


15, 


'64 


3 


Grim, Anthony 
Glassmyer, Sam'el 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 


78, 


'61 


3 


Ging, William 


do 


Sep. 


18, 


'61 


3 


Guinn, Thomas 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'62 


3 


Gemmill, Robert 


do 


Sep. 


18, 


'61 


3 


Hibler, Henry 


do 


Sep. 


24, 


'62 


3 


Housiell, Alex. 


do 


Sep. 


*4. 


'61 


3 


Hank, Conrad 


do 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


Himes, Joseph H 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Householder, C. 


do 


Sep. 


T 4> 


'61 


3 


Housiell, William 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Hose, Michael 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Hays James 


do 


July 


4, ' 


64 


3 


Hartman, Enoch C. 


do 


Sep. 


=4, 


'62 


3 


Hostler, Michael 
Isenbaugh, Andr. 


do 


Aug 


'9 


'64 


3 


do 


Sep 


24, 


'62| 


3 


Jenkins, Harris 


do 


July 


14, 


'64 


3 


Kragle, Jacob J. 


do 


July 


27, 


'64 


3 


Krider, Henry 


do 


Sep. 


14. 


'61 


3 


Kohler, Henry 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


,6i 


3 


Kook, Joseph 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Keech, Robert 


do 


Sep. 


M, 


'61 


3 


ICeeseyi Oliver 


do 


Sep. 


H, 


'6 c 


3 


Eouck, Samuel D. 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'6c 


3 


Eoucks, John 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


Eutz, William 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'6i 


3 


Meltzheimer, Jno. 


do 


Jan. 


1, ' 


64, 


3 


Mills, Thomas H. 


do 


July 


9- 


64 


3 


Minnick, Paris A. 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


•61 


3 


McGuigan, Frank 


do 


Oct. 


31, 


'61 


3 


McGirk, John 


do 


July 


2, 


64 


3 


McGirk, Norris 


do 


Sep. 


14, 


'61 


3 


McGuigan, John 


do 


Dec. 


31. 


'61 


3 


Ochell, George H. 


do 


July 


1, 


64 


3 



Remarks. 



Pris. fr. Jun. 23/64, to Apr. 29, '65. Dis.Jun. 28, '65. 
Pris.fr. Jun. 23,' 64, to Apr. 9, '65. Dis. Jun. 2, '65. 
Disch. on writ of habeas corpus Dec. ci, '61. 
Disch. on Surg.'s Certificate May 16, '65. "Vet. 
Died at Winchester, Va., Jun. 26, '63, of wounds 

received in action. 
Died at Winchester, Va., May 25, '63. 
Sub. Mustered out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Transf. to Vet. Reserve Corps. Date unknown. 
Sub. Discharged by General Order May 25, '65. 
Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Dis. on Surg, s Certificate May i2,'65. 
Died Sep. 2, '64, of wds. ree'd in action. Buried 

in Mt. Olivet Cem., Frederick, Md. Veteran. 
Died Oct. 10, '64, of wds. ree'd in action. Burial 

record Nov. 10, '64, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Discharged Oct. 25, '64. Expiration of term. 
Sub. Disch. by General Order July 27, '65. 
Sub. Wd. Apr. C2,'65. Dis. by Gen. Or. Jun. 21, '65. 
Drafted Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured June 22, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga,, October 12, '64. Grave No. 10,776. 
Pris. fr. Jun. 22/64, to Apr. 9/65. Dis. Jun. 2/65. 
Killed near Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, '64. 
Drafted. Killed nr. Petersburg, Va , Apr. 2/65. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Captured June 22, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg, s Certificate Aug. 11, '62. 

Died at Cumberland, Md., Dec. 15, '62. 

Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term, 

Pris fr. Jun. 22/64, to Apr 9/65 Disc. Jun. 5, 65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded at Spottsylvania C. H. May 10, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Disch'd on Surg.'s Certificate. Date unknown. 

Disch'don Surg.'s Certificate. Date unknown. 

Drafted. Disch on Surg.'s Certified Apr. 2c, '65. 

Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 

Discharged by General Order June 22, '65. 

Discharged by General Order June 22, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65, 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Disch'd on Surg.'s Certificate. Date unknown. 

Disch'don Surg.'s Certificate. Date unknown. 

Wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 23, '64. Ab- 
sent at muster out. Veteran. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. Vet. 

Substitute Absent sick at muster out, 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 6. '64. Dis- 
charged Nov. 2, '64, Expiration of term. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Dec. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Drafted. Disch'd by General Order Jul. 25/65. 



Navies. 



Rank. 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 



Remarks. 



Pennington, Wm. Private Aug. i, '64 
Poet, William H. do Sep. 14, '61 



Pfaffenbaugh, F 
Poet, Michael 

Poet; John 
Perry, Timothy 

Rogers, D. 
Riddle, George 

Ream, Peter 
Rfnehart, Fred'k. 
Ream, Adam 
Reichard, Zach. 

Stepstone, James 
Seip, Franklin 

Stroup, John 

Song, Philip 

Snyder, Charles D 
Stump, Franklin 
Saylor, David 

Snyder, I^evi 
^Sheets, Jacob 
Shadle, John B. 
Stener, Jonathan 
Spotts, Daniel 
Snyder, Jesse 

Sweitzer, Granv. 

Strayer. Ephraim 

Tome, Isaac 
Tarbet, James 
Thompson, Jas. A, 



Tyson, Levi 
Wagner, Isaac 
Witters, Wm. H. 

hite, John 
White, Eli 
Wilson, David A. 
Whalen, Patrick 
Waltemeyer, Wm. 
Wallis, David 
Waight, William 
Waltemeyer, M. 
Wagner, Henry 
Weakly, James H 
Waltemeyer, J. C. 



Washes, Michael 
Weaver, John 



do 
do 

do 
do 

do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 



do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 



Sep 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '61 
July 11, '64 

Aug. 2, '64 
Sep. 14, '6i 

Sep. '4, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, "6i 

July 30, '64 
Sep. 14, '6i 

July 1 r, '64 

July 15, '64 

July 3, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 18, '61 
Sep 14, '61 
July 29. '64 
Aug. 13, '64 
Sep. 19, '62 
Sep. 14, '61 

Sep. 14, '6i 

Aug. 28, '6: 



do Sep. 14. '61 
do Sep. 18, '61 
do Sep. 14, '6i 



Zeigel, Ferdinand do Sep. 14, '6i 3 



Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
June 4, '64 
June 10, '64 
July 10, '64 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 14, '61 
Sep. 18, '61 
June 25, '62 
Aug. 6, '64 
Aug 25, '62 
Sep. 14, '61 
Feb. 22, '6^ 
Jan. 1, '6 

Sep. 14, '61 

Jan. i, '64 



Substitute. Absent sick at muster out. 

Prisoner from June 23, '64, to April 21, '65. Dis- 
charged June 16, '65. Veteran. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner from June 23, '64 to May 2, '65. Dis- 
charged June T2, '65. 

Dischd. on Surg Cer. May 12, '65. Veteran. 

Subutitute. Died Jan 5, '65. Buried in Nat. 
Cem. Antietam, Md. Sec. 26, lot E, grave 542. 

Substitute Absent sick at muster out. 

Wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 7, '64, Dis- 
charged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Dischd. on Sugeon's Certificate April n, '62. 

Dischd. on Surgeon's Cer. Date unknown. 

Died at Winchester, Va., July 16, '63, ol wds. 
received in action. 

Sub. Captured at Opequon, Va., Sep. 19, '64 

Wounded and captured, June 23, '64. Died at 
Andersonv. Ga.,Feb. 5 '65. Grave 12 92. Vet. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Company June 
29, '65. 

Substitute. Mustered out with Company June 

29, '65. 

Drafted Mustered out with Co., Juue 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 23/64. Dis. 

charged Oct. 13, '64. Expiratiou of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Dischd. on Surg.'s Cer., May 3r, '65. 
Substitute. Dischd. by Gen. O., June 20, '65. 
Dischd. by Gen Order, June 20, '65 
Died July 19, '64, of wds. rec'd. in act Buried 

in U. S. Gen.Hos. Cem. Annapolis, Md. Vet. 
Died February 22, '63. Buried in Prospect Hill 

Cemetery, York. 
Died June r, '65. Burial record May 25. '65. 

Buried in Nat. Cem., Arlington, Va. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, 61. Expiration of term. 
Killed near Cold Harbor, Va., July 6, '64. Bur. 

rec'd. June 6/64. Bur. in Nat. Cem., sec. A. 
Killed at Winchester, Va., June 13, '63. 
Absent sick at muster out. Veteran. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co June 29, '65. 
Substitute. Absent sick at muster out 
Dischd. Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Dis on Sur. Cer., May 12, '65. 
Substitute. Dis. by Gen Order. June 20, '65. 
Discharged by Gen. Order, June 20, '65. 
Died Dec. 20, '6t. 

Killed at Winchester, Va , Sep. 19, '64. Vet. 
Killed near Charlestown, Va., August 21, '64. 
Veteran. 

Died at Washington.D C, Feb. 11, '64. Buried 

in Military Asylum Cemetery. 
Died at Brandy Sta ,Mar. 8, '64. Buried in Nat. 

Cem., Culpepper C H., Va., block 1, section 

A, row, 1, grave 1. Veteran. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '6i. Expiration ot term. 



— xi — 



COMPANY D. 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of | § 
Muster into „ 
Service. K ^ 



Remarks. 



Noah G. Ruhl 
Jas. H. Blasser 



Edgar M. Ruhl 



Peter Ford 
George Blasser 
Henry Seitz 
Wm. H H, Welsh 



Jas. B. Beck 

J. R. Nonemaker 



Jas. H. Hendrix 
Robert McDonell 
James Grove 
Emanuel Eudwig 

Henry Hildebrand 
Andrew J. Alniony 
Nathanl. Z. Seitz 
Frank Geise 
Henry N. Bailey 
Henry C. Young 
Newton Krow 
John T Allison 

> Wm. S. Stewart 

. -"Elenry Smith 
Adam Shaffer 
Squire Bmaford 
Geo. W. Almony 
Adam Eeicht 
Anstine, Valentine 
Armer, George 
Allison, Chas. R. 
Albright, Henry 
Brenise, Geo. W. 
-Bollinger, George 
Bailey, Esau 
Bailey, Ephraim 
Butcher, William 
Beaverson, Wm. 
Brown, Jacob 
Burbage, John 
Bowers, Henry W. 

Baublitz, Israel 
Bodein, William 
Brooks, Samuel 
Bittner, Jeremiah 
Bittner, Edw. J. 
Bittner, Francis 
Beitzel, John 
Clark, James 
Coffey, John 
Cayton, Franklin 
Critchfield, John 
Crook, Horace J. 
Dolla, Frederick 
^Dubs, Eevi W. 



Capt'n 
do 



do 



ist Et. 

do 
and Et. 
do 



ist Sgt 
do 



Serg'nt 
do 
do 
do 

do 
Corp'l 

do ■ 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 
Mus'n. 

do 
Private 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 



Sep. 19, ''6i 
Sep. 19, '6i 



Sep. 19, '61 



Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 



Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 



Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 



Sep. 19, 
Sep 19, 
Sep. 19, 
Sep. 10, 
Sep. -9, 
Sep. 19 



Sep, 
Sep. 
Sep. 
Sep. 
Sep. 
Sep. 
Sep. _ 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 19. 
Sep. 19 
Feb. 8, 
June 3, 
Sep. 19. 
Sep 19 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 16 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 19 
Sep. 19 



Aug. 20, '62 
Oct. 31. '61 
June 2, '64 
June 3, "64 
July 21 '64 
July 21, '64 
July 26, '64 
Oct. 31, '61 
July 26, '64 
June 3, '64 
June 3, 64 
June 2, '64 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '6r 



Promoted to Major May 9, '63. 

Pro. from ist Sgt. to 2nd Et. May 12, '62 ; to ist 

Et. Oct. 25/62 ; to Capt. May 10/63. Resigned 

March 6, ''64. 
Pro. fr. Sgt. to ist Sgt. May 12. '62; to 2d Et. Oct. 

25/62; istEt May 10/63; to Capt. Apr. 20/64. 

Killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, '64. 
Commissioned Quartermaster Oct. 25, '61. 
Resigned October 25, '62. 
Resigned May 7, '6 •, 

Pro fr. Sgt. to ist Sgt. Oct. 25/62; to 2d Et. May 

10, '63; to ist Et. May 20, '64. Captured June 

15, '63. Discharged Feb. 10, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Pro. fr. Priv. to ist Sgt. Com. ist Et. May 10/65; 

Capt. Jun. 6, '65. Not mustered. Mustered 

out June 29, 65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded July 9, '64. Promoted from Corporal 

Sep. 16, '64. Mustered out Jun. 29, '65. Vet. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oc . 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Promoted to Sgt. Major January 1, '63. 
Killed at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. 
Died January 5, '63. 

Pris fr. Jun. 22/64, to Apr.28/65. Dis. Juu.11/65. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Pro. to Corp. Jun. 20/64. Captrd. Jun. 23/64. Vet. 
Pro. to Corp. Jan 21/65. Mst.out Jun. 29/65. Vet. 
Absent on furlough at muster ont. Veteran. 
Pris. fr. Jun. 22 to Ap. 28/65. Dischd. Jun. 11/65. 
Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Died December 9, '63. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. at Eocust Grove. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Ex. of tm. 
Mustered ont with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Disch. by General Order May 26 ,'65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captrd. Jun. 23/64. Died at And'rs'nv. Oct.9/64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Feb. — , '63. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Nov. — , '63. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Oct. 1, '63. 
Doscharged on writ of habeas corpus. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mar. 14, '63. 
Died Oct. 28, '64, of wounds received at Cedar 

Creek, Va., Oct. 19, '64. Veteran. 
Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Absent sick at muster out. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Missing in action June 1, 64. 
Substitute. Captured September 19, '64. 
Drafted. Dischd. by General Order Jun. 9, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Drafted. Disch. by General Order June 9, 65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Pris. fr. Jun. 23/64, to Ap. 28/65. r>is. Jun. 11/65. 



— xii — 







Date of 




Names. 


Rank. 


Muster 


into 








Service. 




Dettinger, John 


Private 


Sep. 


IO 


'61 


3 


Douglass, Win. H. 


do 


Sep! 


19, 


'61 


3 


D eckman , PeterW. 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'61 


3 


Deal, Solomon 


do 


June 




'64. 


3 


Dittenheffer, F. 


do 


May 


IT, 


'64 


3 


Katon Geo. W. 


do 


Sep. 


TO 


'61 


3 


Eckert, Conrad 


do 


Sep. 


TO 

L yi 


'61 


3 


Eaton, Wm. 


do 


Sep. 


*9) 


'61 


3 


Fallenstine, F. 


do 


Sep. 


16, 


'61 


3 


GafFney, Edward 


do 


Sep. 


IQ 
'■71 


'61 


3 


Gable, Jonathan 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Glatfelter, Jos. A. 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'61 


3 


Grove, Jeremiah 


do 


Sep 


19, 


'61 


3 


Hedrfck, Peter 


do 


Sep. 


T 9, 


•6i 


3 


Hartman, Al. D. 


do 


Sep. 


TO 

l y> 


'6i 


3 


Hanke, Fred. 


do 


Sep. 


TO 


'61 


3 


Hildebrand, H. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Holter, Lewis V. 
Henn, John 


do 


Sep. 


IO 


'61 


3 


do 


Oct. 


3 1 - 


•6i 


3 


Hartman, Henry 


do 


June 


1. 
ji 


'64 


3 


Haley, Wm. 


do 


July 


29, 


'6a 


3 


Innerst, Amos 


do 


Au°" 




'62 


3 


Innerst, Solomon 


do 


May 


n 5 


'64 


3 


Jackson, Granvil. 


do 


Sep. 


TO 

1 yt 


'6: 


3 


Jackson, Nath. 


do 


Sep. 


*9> 


'61 


3 


Kelly, Albert 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Klinedinst, I,. C. 


do 


Sep. 


J9, 


'61 


3 


Klinedinst, Alex. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Krout, Isaac 


do 


Oct. 


3 1 ) 


'61 


3 


Klinefelter, J. W. 


do 


Sep. 


'9, 


'61 


3 


Kelly, Joseph A. 


do 


July 


23, 


'64 


3 


Kelly, Patrick 


do 


Tulv 


2 5t 




3 


Leopold, Jno 


do 


Sep. 


ig- 


'6l 


3 


Leopold, Nicholas 


do 


Sep 


*9> 


'6l 


3 


Lentz, Franklin 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'6 1 


3 


Lowe, Jacob E. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Miller, Peter 


do 


Set). 


'9, 


'61 


3 


Midwig, Francis 


do 


e efi 


'9, 


'61 




Metcalf, Wm. H. 


do 


Sep. 


I9i 


'61 


3 


May, Jonathan S. 


do 


Sep. 


T 9> 


'61 


3 


Muntis, Jas. K. 


do 


Sep. 


*9, 


'61 


3 


Miller, Henry 


do 


Sep. 


*9> 


'61 


3 


Mitzel, John 


do 


Oct 


31, 


61 


3 


Moody, Jas. H. 


do 


Sep. 


: 9> 


'61 


3 


Marta, Henry 


do 


Sep. 


*9> 


'61 


3 


Marsh, Jacob N. 


do 


Sep. 


1 9 1 


»6t 


3 


Myers, Max. 


do 


June 


7, 


'64 


3 


Miller, Ludwig 


do 


July 


21, 


'64 


3 


McConnell, John 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'64 


3 


McGee, Allen 


do 


July 


IJ > 


'64 


3 


McCormick, Jas. 


do 


July 


27. 


'64 


3 


Ness, Amos 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'61 


3 


Nell, Emanuel 


do 


May 


11, 


'64 


3 


Overlander, Sam. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Orwig, Jon. A. 


do 


Sep. 


2 , ' 


62 


3 


Redding, Elias H. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 


Rinehart, Rob't. J. 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'6 1 


3 


Reever, Peter G. 


do 


Sep. 


19. 


'61 


3 


Rothberth, Chas. 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'6i 


3 


Robinson, Owen 


do 


July 


25, 


'64 


3 


Snyder, George 


do 


Sep. 


19, 


'61 


3 



Remarks 



Dischd. Oct. '64. Expiration of term. 
Killed at Opequon, Va , Sep. 19, '64. 
Discharged Dec. 28, '62. 

Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Discharged July 9, '64. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Expiration of term. 



Dischd. Oct. 13, '04 
Died Sep. 8, '62. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. 
D ; schd. Oct. 13, '64. 
Dischd Oct. 13, '64. 
Discharged March - 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. 



Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
-, '62. 

Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 



'65. 



Dischd on Surg Certificate Feb. — , '62. 
Dischd. on Surg Certificate March — , '63. 
Dischd. on Surg. Certificate March — , '63 
Prisoner from June 23, '64 to April 28, '65. Dis- 
charged June 11, 65. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Substitute. Captured Sept. 8, '64. 
Dischd by General Order, June 7, '65. 
Dischd. by General Order, May, 17, '65. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration ot term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded June 2/64. Absent at Mus. out. Vet 
Prisoner June 23, '64 to April 28, '65. Dischd, 

June 17, '65 Veteran. 
Prisoner June 23, '64 to April 28, '65. Dischd. 

June 11, '65. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Dischd. on Surg. Certificate March — , '63. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, 
Substitute. Captured Sep. 8, '64. 
Died Oct. 9, '64. 

Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. on Surg. Certificate March — t '63. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Captured June 23, '64. Dischd. July 11, '65. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Locust Grove. Dischd. Oct. i3,'64, 

Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Cedar Creek, Oct. 19, '64. Absent 

at muster out of Company. Veteran. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expirafion of term. 
Dischd. on Sug. Certificate January 28, '63. 
Killed at Petersburg, Va., June 23, '64. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Substitue. Absent sick at muster out. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Substitute. Wounded at Cedar Creek,Va., Oct. 

19, '64. Absent at muster out. 
Substitute. Dischd. bv G. O. July 15, '65. 
Dischd Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Dischd. Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. by G. O. June o, '65, 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dischd. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured July 9, '64, at Monocacy, Md. Died at 

Danville, Va , Dec. 17, '64. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certifiacte Oct. 25, '63. 
Substitute. Captured Sep. 11, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '61. Expiration of term. 



— xiii — 







Date of 


g . 


Names. 


Rank. 


Muster into 
Service. 




Saxton, Chas P. 


Private 


Mar. 10, '62 


3 


Spotts, Jacob 


do 


Sep. 25, '62 


3 


Smith, John 


do 


Sep. 19, '6i 


3 


Scheel, Michael 


do 


Sep. 19, '61 


3 


Shaffer, John 


do 


Sep. 19, '61 


3 


Shaffer, William 


do 


Aug. 9, '64 


3 


. Sheeley, James 


do 


Jul. 29, '64 
July 6, '64 
Jun. 25, '64 


3 


Sharkey, John 


do 


3 


Swearer, John 


do 


3 


Swope, John 


do 


July 11, '64 


3 


Shoemaker, Peter 


do 


June 3, '04 


3 


Shockey, Jarius 


do 


June 3, '64 


3 


Sherwood, John 


do 


July 11, '64 


3 


^-Wildasin, Eman'l 


do 


Sep. 19, '61 


3 


Weinriech, Fredk. 


do 


Sep, 16, '6i 


3 


Waltemeyer, E. W. 


do 


Sep. 19, '61 
July 7, '64 


3 


Williams" Henry 


do 


3 


Williams, Daniel 


do 


July 2S, '64 


3 


Wike, John H. 


do 


July 27, '64 
Sep. 19, '61 


3 


Weaver, John G. 


do 


3 



Remarks. 



Discharged by order of War Department, '62. 
Discharged by General Order June 20, '65. 
Died July 27, '63. 

Killed at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. 
Died August 10, '64. 
Discharged. Date unknown. 
Subst. Wnd. Sep. 19, '64. Abst. at muster out. 
Substitute, Captured Sep. 8, '64. 
Drafted. Mustered out with Co June 29. '65. 
.Substitute. Mustered out with Co June 29, '65. 
Drafted Dis. on Surg.'s Certificate May 12, '65. 
Drafted. Dis. on Surg.'s Certificate May 12, '65. 
Discharged by General Order Ma}' 13, '65. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 26, '64. 
Drafted. Captured September 19, '64. 
Substitute. Captured September ir, '64. 
Substitute. Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 



COMPANY E. 



Solomon Myers 
Charles J. Fox 


Capt'n. 
do 


Sep 13, 
Sep. 13, 


'61 
'61 


William F. Frank 
Isaac Hull 


1st Et. 

do 


Sep. 13. 
Sep. 13, 


•6i 
'61 


Alex. Strickler 


do 


Sep. 13, 


'6 1 


Peter Nickel 


do 


Sep. 13, 


'61 


Isaac G. Simmons 


1st Sgt. 


Sep. 13, 


'61 


Benjamin D. Dull 


do 


Sep. 13, 


'61 


Henry A. Zorger 


Sergt. 


Sep, 28. 


'62 


George Blotcher 
Fredk. Bridling 
William Baum 
John W 7 . Coover 


do 
do 
do 
do 


Sep. 13, 
Sep. 13, 
Sep. 13, 
Sep. 13, 


'61 
'61 
'61 
'61 


Benjamin J. King 
Michael Riter 


do 
do 


Sep 13, 
Sep. 13, 


'61 
'61 


Jno. H. Baughman 


Corp'l. 


Sep. 13, 


'6i 


Samuel Cramer 
Charles W. Shultz 


do 
do 


Sep. 13. '61 
Sep. 13, '61 


_JHenry H. Smith 
Henry Welcomer 


do 
do 


Sep. 25, 
Sep. 13, 


'61 
'61 


Henry Streater] 


do 


Sep. 13, 


'61 


Albert D. Stauffer 


do 


Sep. 27, 


'61 


Henry Smith 


do 


Sep. 13, 


'6i 


Philip M. Shive 
George Bruner 


do 
do 


Sep. 13, 
Sep. 13, 


'61 
'61 



Discharged with Company October 13, '64. 
Pro. from Sgt. to 1st Sgt, Jan. i8,'63; to 2nd Et. 

Jun. 25,'64; to Capt.May 23/65. Captrd. Jun. 

23/64. Mustered out w. Co. June 29/65. Vet. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 17/63. 
Pro. fr. 2d Et. Jan. 18, '63. Discharged on Sur- 
geon's Certificate May 20, '64. 
Pro. fr. Tst Sgt. to 2d Et. Jan. 19, '63; to 1st Et. 

Jun. 25/64, Dis. Oct. 13/64. Exp. of term. 
Pro fr. Corp. to Sgt. May 1/63; to 1st Et. Dec. 

18/64. Killed nr. Petersbg.,Va., Apr. 2/64. Vet. 
Pro. fr. Cor. to 1st Sgt Com. 1st Et. Jun. 1S/65. 

Not must'rd. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29/65 Vet. 
Pro fr. Sgt. to 1st Sgt. Jun. 26/64; to 2d Et. Co. 

D Sep 16, '64. Veteran. 
Commissioned 2d Et. Jun. 18/65. Not mustered. 

Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged with Co. October 13, '64. 
Pro. fr. Cor. Jun. 20*64. Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 
Prom, to Cor. Sep. 30, '61; to Sgt. June 20, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr 20, '63. 
Promoted from Corp. Jan. 18, '63. Killed near 

Petersburg, Va., June 23, '64 
Captrd. at Monocacy, Md. , July 9, '64. Died at 

Danville, Va., Feb 2. '65. Veteran. 
Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Died of wnds. rec'd at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, 

'64. Bur in National Cem., Antietam, Md., 

Sec. 26, Eot E, Grave 541. Veteran. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Wounded at Winchester, Va., Jun. 15/63. Pro. 

to Corporal Mar. 12. '65. Mustered out with 

Co. Jun. 29/65. Veteran. 
Pro. to Cor. Mar. 1, '65. Mus. out with Co. Jun. 

29. '65. Vet. 

Pro. to Cor. Mar. 1, '65. Mus. out with Co. Jun. 
2 9. '65, Vet 

Pro. to Cor. March 12, '65. Captrd. Jun. 23, '64. 

Mus. out with Co. June 29, '65. Vet. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



— xiv — 



Names. 



Rank. 



John Danner 


Corp'l 


Daniel Whitenight 


do 


Daniel N. Boose 


do 


W. N. Augh'baugh 


do 


Albert Ford 


do 


John G. Bobb 
Samuel Sprenkle 
Brison, William 
Bowers, James 
Bender, Samuel 
Bruner, Jefferson 


do 
Musc'n 
Private 

do 

do 

do 


Bricker, Samuel 
Bear, Eli 
Byerts, Elias 
Buzby, George 
Bridling, John 
Brenneman, Chris 
Bruner, Wm. H. 
Banner, William 
Baker, John R. 
Beaverson, Edw. 
Cousler, John 
Corman. David A. 


do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 


Crouch, Alex. 
Crone, John 


do 
do 


Coover, I,evi M. 
Callahan, Edw. 
Dellinger, Henry 


do 
do 
do 


Dixon, Roland 
Everhart, John 


do 
do 


Epply, Jacob G. 
Fox, Abraham 
Free, Peter 


do 
do 
do 


Gray, Samuel B. 


do 


Gipe, Cyrus M. 
Grove, Joseph 
Gipp, Peter 
Gipp, Edward 
Holibein, Jacob 


do 
do 
do 
do 
do 


Huber, James S. 
Hoover, Charles 


do 
do 


Haupt, I^ewis 
Huber, Moses M. 
Harris, William 
Hassinger, Wm. 
Hoffman, John 
Hemple, Augustus 
Ilgenfritz, William 


do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 


Johns, George 
Keiser, Augustus 


do 
do 


Kamper, William 


do 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 



Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '6t 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 

Feb. 17, '62 
Feb. 28, '62 
July 5 '64 
Mar. 14, '65 
Mar. 14, '65 
Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13 '61 
Sep. 13, '6 1 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
April 2, '62 
Sep 13, '6i 
Sep. 13, '6i 
Sep. 13, '6i 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 

Feb. j 7, '62 
Feb. 17, '62 
Sep. 13, '61 

July 6, '64 
Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '6i 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep 13, '61 
Sep. 18, '62 
Sep. 13, '6i 
Sep. 13, '61 



Remarks. 



Sep. 1, '62 3 
Sep. 13, '61 3 



Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 1, '62 
Mar. 19, '64 
July 29, '64 
July 23, '64 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 



July 27, '64 
Sep. 13, '6i 

Sep. 13, '61 



Pro. to Cor. Nov. 28, '63. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. 
Expiration of term. 

Pro. to Cor. Dec. 7, '63. Disch Oct. 13, '64. Ex- 
piration of term. 

Pro. to Cor. June 27, '64. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. 
Expiration of term. 

Pro. to Cor. June 27, '64. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. 
Expiration of term 

Pro. to Quartermaster Sgt. Sep. 21, '6r. Disch. 
Date unknown. 

Disch. Feb. 17, '65. Expiration of term. 

Disch. Feb. 28, '65. Expiration of term. 

Wound. Apr. 2, '65. Disch. by G. O. Dateunk. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Prisoner from July 8, '64 to Feb. 26, '65. Disch. 
March 26, '65. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '65. Expiration of term. 

Captured May, '64. 

Disch. Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Disch. on writ of habeas corpus. 

Disch on Surg. Cer. March, '63 

Disch. on Surg. Cer. April, '63. 

Disch. on Surg. Cer. July, '62. 

Disch. on Surg. Cer. Feb. '64. 

Disch. Expiration of term. 

Died near Bristol, N. J., Oct. 2, '64. 

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Vet. 

Wounded, at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. 

Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. Vet. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Vet. 
Prisoner from June 23, '64. to Dec. 6, 64. Disch. 

March 14, '65. 
Disch. on Surg. Cer. Nov. '62. 
Disch on Surg. Cer. Feb. 19, '63. 
Wounded at Bermuda Hundreds, Va., Tune 18, 

'64. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65 
Captured June 23, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga., Feb. 18, '65. No. of grave 12,673. 
Disch. on Surg. Cer. '62. 
Killed at Beverly, W. Va., Nov. 6, '62 
Died Jun is, '63, of wounds received at Carters 

Woods, Va., June 15, '63. 
Prisoner from June 23, '64 to April 3, '65. Dis- 
charged June 20, '65. Veteran. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. Vet. 
Disch. with Co. Oct. 13, '64. Expir. of term. 
Disch. with Co. Oct. 13, '64. Expir. of term. 
Trans, to Vet. Re. Corps. Disch. Aug. 2, '65. 
Captured June 23, '64. Died soon after parole. 

Veteran. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. Died 

at Annapolis, Md., Feb 27, '65. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Died at Winchester, Va., June 20, '63. 
Killed at Monocacy, Md , July 9, '64. 
Sub. Disch. by G. O. June 20, '65. 
Sub. Disch. by G. O. June, 20, '65. 
Killed near Petersburg, Va., April 2, '65. Vet. 
Wound, at Carters Woods June i.5,'63. Wound. 

at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, '64. X,ost right 

arm. Veteran. 
Sub. Disch. by G. O. June 20, '65. 
Captured June 23, '64 to Feb. 25, '65. Disch. 

June 19, '65. Veteran. 
Died at New Creek, Va.. July 25, '62. 



— xv — 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of £ 
Muster into \ £ 
Service. K ^ 



Remarks. 



Kleffman, Casp. H. 

Krebb, William 
Kraus, George 

IyOng, William 

X,utz, John B. 
Moorehead, Jas. H, 

Myers, Henry 

Miller, William 

Mack, Joseph 
Miller, Andrew 
Minnich, Benj. 
Mark el, Geo. S. 
Miller, Henry 

Mundorff, Jas. E. 

Miller, Samuel R 
Mosebaugh, Paul 
Moses, John W. 
March, Charles 
Neely, Thomas 
Owens, Edward 

Plank, Isaac 
Palmer, Jacob G, 
Ouickel, John 

J>Robison, George 
Rodewick, Aug. 
Roush, Valentine 
Rupp, Wilson 
Rupert, John C. 
Sensabaugh, Jas. 
Snyder, Jesse D. 

Shultz, John C. 
Shaffer, Thomas 
Shultz, John F. W. 
Shoemaker Saml. 
Sipe, Henry 
vSteininger, Frank 

Strater, William 

Snyder, Peter 
Shultz, Augustus 
Stahl, Aaron 
Stagemyer, Ferd 
Spickert, Milton 
Snyder, Henry 
^/Wentz, Herman 
Weaver, Peter 
Witmyer, Fredk. 

Welsh, George A. 
Wolf, William M. 

Werner, Charles 
Witmer, Jacob 

Wykoflf, Royal 
Waters, Robert 



do 
do 

do 

do 
do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 

do 

do 



Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '6i 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '6i 

Sep. 19, '62 

Jul. 23, '64 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 18, '61 
Sep. 18, '61 
Feb. 28, '62 
Jul. 20, '64 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '6i 
Aug. 15, '62 
Sep. 13, '6x 
Sep. 12, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 

Jun. 13, '64 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Jul. 29, '64 
Feb. 17, '62 
Tuly 6, '64 
June 2, '64 

Apr. 20, '64 
Mar. 11, '65 
Sep. 13, '61 
July 15, '64 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '6r 
Feb. 17, '62 
Sep. 13, 61 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13, '61 
July 29, '64 
Sep. 13, '61 
Sep. 13. *6i 

Sep. 13, '6i 
Sep. 13, '61 

Sep. 13, '61 
Aug. 17, '62 



do Jun. 29, '64 3 
do June 4, '64 3 



Wounded at Eocust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, '63. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Died of wds reed, at Monocacy, Md , Jul 9/64. 
Captrd. Jun 15, '63. Died at Camp Parole, An- 
napolis, Md. 
Wd. at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64. Discharged 

Oct 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Killed at Carter's Woods, Va., June 15, '63. 
Prisoner from Jun. 23, '64 to Dec, '64. Mus- 
tered out with Co, June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Captured June 2;, '64. Died at Andersonville, 

Ga. Date unknown. 
Drafted. Wounded at Opequan, Va., Sep. 19, 

'64. Absent at muster out. 
Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 
Captrd. at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, ,64. Vet. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Mustered out with Co. Jnne 29, '65. 
Substitute. Wounded at Opequan, Va., Sep. 19, 

'65. Absent at muster out. 
Wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., Jun. 5,'64. Mus- 
tered out with Company Oct. 13, 64. 
Prisnr. fr. Jun. 28/64, to Ap. 28/65. Dis. Jun. 11,65, 
Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 
Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Captd, Jun. 2^, '64. Dis. by Gen. Or. Jun. 20/65. 
Killed near Petersburg, Va., June 22, '64. 
Wounded at Winchester, Va., Jun. 13 '64. Dis- 
charged with Co. June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Eocust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, '63. 

Eoss of left arm. 
Substitute. Mustrd. out with Co. June 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Substitute. Disch. by Gen Order June 20, 65. 
Discharged Feb. 17, '65. Expiration cf term. 
Drafted. Absent at muster out. 
Sub. Com Capt. of U. S. col'd troops July 21 
64. Not mustered. Mus. out w. Co.Jun.29/65. 
Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 
Wd. Ap. 2/65. Dis. by Gen. Order June 5, '65. 
Captured June 23, '64 Disch.— date unknown. 
Drafted. Discharged by Gen. Ordr. Jun. 9, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., Jun. 3, '64. Dis- 
charged Ocober 13, '64. 
Wounded at Eocust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, '63. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr 3, '63. 
Wd. atCld. Hrbr.,Va., Jun.6,'64. Dis.Feb. 16/65. 
Killed at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64. Veteran. 
Died of wds. rec. at Winchester, Va., Jun.i3,'63. 
Died at Beverly, Va., Sep. 22, '62, 
Substitute. Discharged by G. O. June 20, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded May 18, '64. Mustered out with Co. 

June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '65. Expiration of term. 
Prisoner from September 24, '64, to Feb. 13/65. 

Discharged April 28, '65. 
Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Prisoner from Jun. 23, '64, to Dec. 16/ 64. Dis- 
charged by General Order June 9, '65. 
Drafted. Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Substitute. Mustered out June 29, '65. 



— xvi — 



COMPANY F. 



Names. 



William J. Martin 
James Adair 

Theo. C. Norris 

Wm. F. Baker 

John H. Sheads 
Wm. E. Culp 



Henry Dustman 
John Sheads 
Frank D. Duphorn 
Elias J. Sheads 
John L. Ziegler 
Chas. E. Armor 
Wm. T. Ziegler 

Wm. McGonigal 

Wm.D.Holtzworth 

Peter Warren 
Johnson H. Shelly 

Joshua Happoldt 

Wm. H. Weygandt 
Samuel Sprenkle 
Aughenbaugh, H. 
Albaugh, Wm. H. 
Bowers, David 

Bentley, Theo. 
Burk, Amos 

Brickie, Wm. 
Cassatte, Walter 
Culp, David 
Cole, Bernard 
Coon, Henry F. 

Crilly, Michael 
Colehouse, John Q 
Dustman, A. F. 
Davis, Owen R. 
Eckert, Jacob 
Emenheiser, Sam. 
Ford, George 
Fullerton, Wm. 
Fisher, Samuel 

Flinn, Wm. 
Fry, Henry 
George, Sam'l S. 
^Grumbine,Wm. H. 
Gray, Wm. H. 

Grove, Jacob H. 



Gilbert, Calvin 
Hortzworth, Geo. 



Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


\Term 
yrs. 


Capt'n. 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


ist Lt. 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


2nd Lt. 


Sep. 25, '6 c 


3 


ist Sgt. 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


Serg'nt 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


Corp'l 


Sep 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do' 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


Mus'n. 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Feb. 28, '62 


3 


Private 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 8, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Feb. 28, '62 


. 3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6r 


3 


do 


Oct. 9, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6 1 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Set>. 30, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Feb. 28, '62 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 15, 61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 7, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 30, '61 


3 


do 


Feb. 28, '62 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6t 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 



Remarks 



Resigned June 17, '62. 

Promoted from ist Lieut. June i8,'62. Wound. 

June 3, "64. Dis. Oct. 13, '64. Expir. of term. 
Pro. from 2d Lt. June 18, '62. Disch. Oct. 13, 

'64, Expiration of term. 
Pro. from ist. Serg. June 18, '62. Captured at 

Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. Dis. Mar. 11, '65. 
Wound. May 6, '64. Dis. Oct. 13, '64 Ex. of tm. 
Pro. to Serg. Maj. Mar. 1, '64 to ist Lt. Co H. 

Sep. 15, '64. Trans, to Co. C. Pro to Q. M. 

Dec. 13, '64. Must, out with Reg. Jun. 29, '65. 
Dis. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wound. June 22. '64. Dis. Oct. 13, '64. Ex. t'm„ 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration ol term. 
Killed at Monocacy. Md , July 9, '64. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wound, at Carters Woods, June 15, '64. Pris. 

fr, Jun. 23, '64 to Ap. 29, '65. Dis. Jun. 12, '65. 
Wound, at Cold Harbor, June 1, '64. Pro. to 

Com. Sgt. 7 Sep. 25, '64. Veteran. 
Wound. June 23, '64. Pro. Sgt. Co. E. Disch. 

on Surg. Cert. May 12 '65. Veteran. 
Disch. on Surg, Cert. Aug. >j, '63. 
Died July 12, '63. of wounds received at Carters 

Woods, June 15, '63. 
Trans, to Co. E. Prom, to Prin. Muc. Nov. 2, 

'64. Must, out with Co. E June 29, '65. Vet. 
Disch. Date unknown. 

Trans, to Co. E. Dis. Feb. 28, '65. Ex. ot term. 

Disch. on Surg. Cer. Jan. 5, '63 

Disch. on Surg. Cer. Ausr. 25, '62, 

Prisoner from July 9, '64 to Feb. 21, '65. Disch, 

March 21, '65. 
Disch on Surg. Cer. Nov 12, '62. 
Wounded with loss of arm at Cold Harbor, 

June 1, '64. Veteran. 
Died March 25, '62 

Absent on detached service at muster out. 
Disch. Oct, 13, '64. Expiration ot term. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Prisoner from June 23, '64 to April 29, '65. 

Disch. June 8, '65. 
Disch. on Surg. Cert. July 14, '62. 
Accidentally killed Nov. 15, '62. 
Absent sick at expiration of term. 
Disch. Feb. 9, '63. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration ot term. 
Died Sep. 12, '62. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wound. May 13, '64. Trans, to Co. E- Mustered 

out June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Disch. on Surg. Cert. Oct. 31, '62. 
Disch. Nov. 30, '62. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expfration of term. 
Trans, to Co. E Pro. to Corp., to Sgt. May 12, 

'65. Must, out June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Wound. May 13, '64. Trans to Co. E. Killed 

at Cedar Creek, Oct. 19, '64. Buried in Nat. 

Cem., Winchester, Va. Lot 9 Veteran. 
Disch. Nov. 30, '62. 

Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



— xvii — 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service, 



Remarks. 



Hall, William 
Hitzel, George 
Johns, Gibson C. 
King, Robert H. 
King, Abraham 
Keefer, Amos 

Iyittle, Duncan 
little, Edward 
little, Charles T. 

I,ittle, George T. 

Iyittle, Esaias Z. 
little, William H 
little, Forest 
Martin, Jerome J. 
Myers, David G. 

Myers, Iyewis 
Myers, Peter 
Musser, George 
Murray, James 
McElroy, Forest 
McElroy, John 

Ogden, William 

Rhodes, Charles 
Rogers, Zepheniah 
Rice, Jacob 
Reigle, Daniel P 



Rupp, William H. 
Shultz, John 
Sentz. Jeremiah 
Shaeffer, Saml. E. 
vSterner, Jeremiah 
^Skelley, Chas. F. 
Stough, Joseph 
Simpson, Jos. A. 
Sheads, William 
Snyder, John F. 

v Smith, Henry H. 

Steinour, James 
Stourter, Albert D. 

Sechrist, Charles 
Slentz, Thad. S. 
vSmyser, Michael 
Sheads, Isaac 
Seitz. Fdw. 
Tawney, Perry 
Werner, George 
Wysotsky, Joseph 
Welsh, Spangler 

-Wysotsky, Fmanl. 
Young, Jacob B. 
Ziegler, Fmanuel 
Zercher, Henry A. 



Zell, William 



Private 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 



do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 



Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Oct. 12, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '6t 
Sep. 25, '61 

Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '6r 
Sep. 25, '61 

Sep. 25, '61 

Sep. 25, '61 
Nov. 29, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Oct. 7, '61 

Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25 , '6i 
Oct. 7, '61 
Sep. 25 *6i 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 

Oct. 9, '61 

Sep. 25, '6i 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 



Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25 
Sep. 25 
Sep. 25 
Sep. 25 
Sep. 25, 
Sep. 25 
Sep. 25, 
Sep. 25. 



Sep. 25, '61 

Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 27, '61 

Oct. 7, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Nov. 20, '61 
Oct. 8, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Oct. 22, 61 

Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 
Feb. 28, '62 



do Sep. 25, '61 



Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate Sep. 9/62. 

Killed near Mine Run, Va., July 9, '64. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Sep. 5, '64. 

Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Sep. 24, '62. 

Dischd. Aug. 24, '64, for wds. rec'd at Cold Har- 
bor Jun. 3, '64, with loss of arm. Veteran. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded Jun. 13, 63. Transferred to Co. E. 
Mustered out June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Wd. at Winchester Jun. 13, '63. Trnsf. to Co. E. 
Captrd. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65- Vet. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Feb. 14, '63. 

Transf. to Veteran Reserve Corps Dec. 15, '63. 

Died November 26, '6r. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. Jun. 15, '63. Captured May 6, '64. Died at 
Andersonv., Ga., Sep. 27,'64. Grave No. 9893. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate May 3, '64. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Nov. 12, 62. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mar. 12, '64. 

Wd. May 6/64. Killed at Cold Harbor Jun.3,'64. 

Wd. Jun 14, '63. Transf. to Vet. Reserve Corps. 

Died Feb. 1, '64. Bur. in Nat. Cem., Culpepper 
C. H., Va., Block 1, Sec. A. Row 1, Grave 2. 

Prisoner fr. May 6 to Dec. 26, '64. Discharged 
Feb. 24, '65, to date Dec. 21, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Mays, '64. 

Wd. May 6, '64. Dis on Sg. Cer. Dec.20,'64. Vet. 

Wd. at Fisher's Hill Sep. 22. '64. Color Sgt. fr. 
Sep. 19, '64. Trnsf. to Co. E. Rec'd Medal of 
Honor at Ced. Crk. Oct 19, '64. Mustered out 
with Co. E as Sgt. Jun. 29, '65. Veteran. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Nov. 30, '62. 

Wd. Jun. 4, 64. Abst. in hospital at ex. of trm. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd.atCld.Hrbr Jun.6 '64. Dis.Oc I3,'64. Exp. t. 

Discharged Oct. ' 3, 64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd.atWinchstr. Jun 13, '63. Dis.Oc. 13, '64. Ex. t. 

Wd. Jul. 9, '64. Vet. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Wd. at Monocacy,Md., Jul. 9, '64. Trnsf. to Co.E. 
Pro. toCor. Transf. to Vet. Res. C. Nov. 27, '64. 

Transferred to Co. E. Promoted to Corporal, 
Mustered out June ?g, '65. Veteran. 

Accidentally killed at Gettysb Apr. 28/64. Ve t. 

Transf. to Co. E. Pro to Corp. Mar. 1/65. Mus- 
tered out June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Nov. 20, '63. 

Discharged November 30, '63. 

Promoted to Commissary Sgt. May 1, '62. 

Killed at Cold Harbor June 1, '64. 

Died November 23, '61. 

Absent on detached service at exp. of term. 
Wd. Nov.30,'63. Abs. in hospital at exp. of term. 
Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps Dec. 15, '63. 
Captured at Monocacy. Md., July 9, '64. Dis- 
charged Nov 12, '64. Expiration of term. 
Died February 12, 62. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr. 10, '62. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr. 10, '62. 
Transf. to Co. E. Pro. to Sgt. Com. 2d Iyt. Jun. 

J 5» '65. Not mustered. Mustered out with Co. 

June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Transf. to Veteran Reserve Corps Jan. 15, '64. 



— xvin 



COMPANY G. 



Names. 


Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


Term 
yrs. 


Vine. C. S. Eckert 


Capt'n. 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


H. Morningstar 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Robert A. Daniel 


ist Lt. 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Wm. C. Waldman 


2nd Lt. 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Wm. F. Eckert 


Serg'nt 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Charles F. Ropp 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Isaac Wagner 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


George W. Stine 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Daniel L. Welsh 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Jacob Shultz. 


Corp'l 


Sep. 25, 


'6 1 


3 


John L. Kunkle 


do 


Sep 25, 


'61 


3 


Andrew G. Shull 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Henry Stine 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Samuel W. Keasey 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Wm.T. Moorehead 


do 


Sep. 25, 


"6i 


3 


John Keller 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Le'nard W.Watson 


do 


Apr. 30' 


.,62 


3 


Charles W. Moore 


do 


Dec. 31, 


'61 


3 


John A. Eaton 


do 


Oct. 31, 


'6l 


3 


Howard Stahl 


Mus'n. 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Lewis I. Renaut 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'6l 


3 


Austin, Martin 


Private 


Feb. 28, 


'61 


3 


Booth, Charles 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Burkheimer,Saml. 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Bupp, John 


do 


Sep. 25, 


6 1 


3 


Bishop, Owen 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Dunn, John 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Everhart, Henry 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Ettinger, John W. 


do 


Sep 25, 


'6i 


3 


Faik, Henry 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Fox, Joseph 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 




Ferdinand, John 


do 


Oct. 31, 


'61 


3 
3 


Fry, Jacob 


do 


Oct. 31, 


'61 


3 


Fries. Daniel D. 


do 


Dec. 31, 


'61 


3 


Grove, Valentine 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Glock, Adam 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Grove, Philip 


do 


Sep. 25, 


! 6i 


3 


Glassmyer, Oliver 


do 


Feb. 28, 


'62 


3 


Golding, Sylvester 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


How, William R. 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'6 1 


3 


Hampton, William 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Hooper, James H. 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


Hoftman. John C. 


do 


Oct. 31, 


'61 


3 



Remarks. 



Discharged September 1. 1863. 

Pro. fr. istLt. Sep. 2, '63. Captured Jun. 15, '63. 
Discharged March 12, '65. 

Pro. fr. 2d Lt. Nov i,'63. Dis.Oct.13,'64. Ex. trm. 

Pro. fr. ist Sgt. Feb.15,'64. Transf . to Co. D. Vet. 
Pro. to Adjt. Dec. 13, '64. Disch. Jun. 13/65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Pro. to ist Sgt. Aug. 24, "64. Pro. to 2d LI. Co. H 
Sep. 18, '64. Wounded at Opequon. Transf. to 
Co. C. Vet. Com. Capt. Oct. 29, '64. Not mus- 
tered. Discharged Nov. 4, '64. 

Transf. to Veteran Reserve Corps Dec. 15, '63. 

Killed at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. 

Wounded at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64. Disch. 
October 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. at Opequon, Va., Sep 19/64. Died, date un- 
known. Bur. in Nat. Cem., Winch'st'r, lot 17. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Pro. to ist Lt. Dec. 13. '64. 
Com. Capt. May 10, '65. Not mus Dis. Jun. 5, '65. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Com. 2d Lt. Jun.6,'65. Not 
mustered. Mustered out with Co. Jun 29. 65. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Pro to 2d Lt. Jan. 21, '65. 
Killed at Petersburg, Va., Apr. 2, '65. 

Transferred to Co. D. Vet. Promoted to Sergt. 
Mustered out with Company June 29, '65, 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet Pro. to Sergt. Jan. 21, '64. 
Absent on furlough at muster out of Co. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Wd. atPetrsbg Jun. 19/64. 
Discharged on Surg. Certificate Feb. 8, '65. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Detailed as sharpshooter Dis- 
charged Dec. 31, 64. Expiration of term, 

Mortally wd. at Cold Harbor. Va., Jun. 13, '64. 
Died at Alexandria, Va. June 15, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13. '64 Expiration of term. 

Promoted to Principal Musician. Veteran. Dis- 
charged June 29, '65. 

Discharged on Surgs. Certificate May 15, '62. 

Pris. fr Jun. 23, '64, to Apr. 28, '65. Dis. Jun. 11 '65. 

Captured at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '64, Died at 
Danville, Va.. January 17, '65. 

Discharged on Surgs. Certificate Mar. 28, '64. 

Died of wds reed, at Opequon, Va., Sep. 19, '64. 
Buried in Nat. Cem., Winchester. Lot 18. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Abst. wd at muster out. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Trnsf. to Co. D.Vet. Mus out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 

Transf. to Co. D. Pro. to Corporal Feb. 1, '65. 
Mustered out with Co. June 29, '65. 

Transferred to Co. D. Veteran. Mustered out 
with Company June 29, '65. 

Disch. on Surgs. Certificate Nov. 25, '64. Vet. 

Died Aug i2,'63. Bur. Rec, Oct. 12/63 Buried 
in Nat. Cem. Antietam, Sec. 26, lot A, grv.41. 

Discharged Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Mus. out w. Co Jun. 29/65. 

Disch. on Surg. Certificate Nov. 25/64. Vet. 

Disch. on Surg. Certificate Nov* 25/64. Vet. 

Killed at Opequon, Va., Sep. 19, '64. Veteran. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



/ 



— xix — 



Names. 



Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service. 


1 Term 
1 yrs. 


Private 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6 1 


3 


do 


Dec. 31, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6t 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep- 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Dec. 31, '61 


3 


do 


Dec. 31. '61 


3 


do 


Mav ^ , fiA 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6r 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep, 25, "6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


May 27, '64 


3 


do 


Dec. 31, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25. '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, 61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 


3 


do 




3 


do 




3 


do 


Sep. 25' '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 25, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 28, '62 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 


3 



Remarks. 



Humm, L,ewis J. 

Hartman, Clayton 

Herr, Jerome 

Ilgenfritz, Thos. 
Irwin, William 
Jacobs, John 
Kerr, David P. 
Klinedinst, I,. J. 
Keasey. Daniel M. 
Kuentzler, Wm. 
Kauflman, Aug. 

.Xafever, Wm. H 
l,ichtenberger,Jno 

L,au, Samuel 
Myers, Benedict P. 
Morningstar, Ad. 
Miller, Jacob H. 

Miller, L,ewis 

Matson, George 

Moore, Samuel C. 
McCabe, Patrick 

Nickel, Conrad 
Newman, William 
Norwig, Henry 
Park, Samnel W. 
Reed, Jacob 
Russ, John A. 
Ruth, Jacob 

Randall, Milton 
Rose, Charles 

Stahl, Tohn 
Stahl, Calvin 

Snyder, John 

Sweitzer, George 
Stine, Daniel 
Stroman, Henry 
Spicer, Henry 

Schoffstall, Fredk. 
Shultz, Henry 

Test, Abraham 
Wilt, John A. 
Welsh, Joseph F, 



Wintrode, Jacob F. 

Wolf, William 

Wagner, William 
Yingling, George 
Yingling, Silas C. 



Died Feb.28,'65, of wds. rec'datCld. Hrbr.,Va., 
Jun. 2,'64. (Bur.Rec/'I^ewis Hannan, Phila." 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Pro. to Corp. Feb. 28, '65. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65 
Transferred to Co. D. Vet. Disch. May 23, '65, 

to date Dec. 31, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64.. Expiration of term. 
Killed at Winchester' Va., June 15, '63. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured May 14, '64. 

Trnsf to Co. D. Disch. Dec. 31, '64. Ex. cf term, 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Absent sick at muster out 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Killed at Cedar Creek, Va., 

October 19, '64. 
Captured at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. 
Wnd. at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. Absent in 

hospital at muster out. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration ot term. 
Transferred to Co. D. Veteran. Mustered out 

with Company Jun. 29, '65 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Captured at Monocacy 

Md. July 9, '64. 
Captured at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64 Died 

at Danville, Va., January 4, '65. 
Died at York, Pa., February 13, '63. 
Wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 23, '64. Ab- 
sent in hospital at muster out. 
Missing in action October 14, '63. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded. Disch. Oct.i3,'64, Exp. cf Term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Trnsf. to Co. D Vet. Captured, date unknown. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Died at Washington, D. C, Sep. 25,'63. Buried 

in Prospect Hill Cemetery, York, Pa. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Opequon. Va., Sep. 19, '64. Absent 

in hospital at expiration of term. 
Wounded at Opequon, Va., Sep. 19, '64. Absent 

in hospital at expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. F.xpiration of term. 
Discharged in 1862. 

Transferred to Co. D. Vet. Prom, to Corporal. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Wd. at Winchester. Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Pro. 

to Corp. Jun. 15, '64. Mus. out w.Co.Jun.29'65. 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Mus. out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. and captrd. at Bunker Hill, Va., June 13, 
'63. Exchd. Wnd. at Petersburg Jun. 23, '64. 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Vet. Pro to Corp. Pro. to Sgt. 
Maj. Jan. 26, '65. Com. istl*t. Jun. 6, '65. Not 
mustered. Mustered out w. Regt. Jun. 29, '65. 
Captured, date unknown. Trnsf. to Co. D.Vet. 

Mustered out with Company June 29, '65. 
Wd. at Monocacy, Md.. Jul. 9 '64. Trnsf. to Co. 

D. Vet. Mustered out with Co. Jun. 29, '65. 
Killed at Opequon, Va., Sep. 19, '64. Veteran. 
Trnsf. to Co. D. Mustered out w. Co. Jun. 29, '65, 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



XX — 



COMPANY H. 







Date of 


a 


Names. 


Rank. 


Muster 










Service. 




Ross L. Harman 


Capt'n. 


Sep. 19, 


'6i 


3 


Wells A. Farrah 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Philip Gentzler 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


R. S. Slaymaker 


ISt lyt 


Sep. 11, 


'61 


3 


Andrew B. Smith 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'6l 


3 


Daniel P. Dietrich 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


William F. Culp 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'6i 


3 


Tntrn T t»Vii11liT> 


2nd ~Lfc. 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


■Harvey J. Harman 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'6i 


3 


M. S. Slothower 


do 


Sep 19, 


"6i 


3 


iz,a.rnoi- \j« xi.gii-k.ci 


ISt ogl. 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Geo. A. Mowrer 


Sergt. 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


-Henry Z. Bowman 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


J <X\-.\J VJ XI. XlU^^tl 


do 


Sep. 19, 


•6i 


3 


Jcicot) 1M. Herr 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


jonn ivi. vjiiiiiLii 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


John C. Kesser 


Corp'l. 


Sep. 19, 


•61 


3 


-Daniel Smith 


do 


Sep, 19, 


'61 


3 


William Gill 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


David Pentz 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'6 1 


3 


JJCllJ. X 1 . XVclUllli-LclU 


do 


Sep. 25, 


'61 


3 


jorin JNaugie 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Abraham B. Coble 


do 


Sep 19, 


'61 


3 


Joseph B. Hobson 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Joseph Henry 


An 
QO 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


George B. I+ightz 


IMuscn. 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Michael D. Aker 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Joseph RinelicLrt 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Anderson, Wm. 


Private 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Anderson, Geo. S. 


do 


Sep, 19, 


'61 


3 


Arnsberger, Danl. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'6 1 


3 


Aker, John 


do 


Sep. 19, 


•6i 


3 


Brecht, Frederick 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Barnes, Philip S. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'6i 


3 


Brickner, Michael 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Barnes, Albert T. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Coble. Kphraim 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Coble, Christian C. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Cassal, Samuel 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Crowel, Thomas O. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Comfort. Henry W. 


do 


Dec. 23, 


'63 


3 


Carroll, George C. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Cooley, John A. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Dietrich, Fredk. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 


Forrer, Tempest I,. 


do 


Sep. 19, 


'61 


3 



Remarks. 



Resigned January 18, '63. 

Pro.fr. istl,t. Jan. 19/63. Killed at Winchester, 
Va., June 15, '63. 

Pro. to Sgt. Sep. 1, '62 ; to Capt Apr. 5, '64. Dis- 
charged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Pro. fr. Sgt. Maj. Jan. 1/63. Resigned Sep. 22, '63. 

Pro. fr. Cor. to 1st Sgt. Mar.12,'63; to 1st Tt.Nov. 
16, '63. Discharged Feb. 13, '64. 

Pro fr. Sgt. to 1st Sgt. Nov. 16, '63; to 1st I^t.Apr. 
5, '64. Killed at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. 

Prom. fr. Sgt. Maj. Sep. 15, '64. Trnsf. to Co. C. 
Pro. to Quartermaster Dec. 13, '64. Vet. 

Resigned August 16, '62. 

Resigned March 12, '63. 

Pro. fr. Sgt. to 1st Sgt. Aug. i,'62; to 2d I,t. Mar. 

13, '63. Killed at Bunker Hill, Va., Jun. 13, '63. 

Buried in Nat, Cem., Winchester, Va., lot 26. 
Pro. fr. Sgt. Apr. 5/64. Captrd Jun 23/64 Died 

at Salisbury, N. C, January 16, '65. 
Pro. fr, Cor. Nov. 16/63. Di s. Oct. 13/64. Fx. oft. 
Wounded in action at Cold Harbor, Va; Prom. 

fr. Cor. Apr. 5/64. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Fx. of trm. 
Pro. fr. Cor. Apr. 5/64. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Fx. of t. 
Prom, to Corpl. Jan., '63; to Sgt, Sep. 1/64. Dis- 
charged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Wnd. and captured at Bunker Hill Jun. 13/63. 

Fxch. Dis. for pro. in U. S. col'd tr. Aug. 2/64. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Pro. to Cor. Jan., '62. Dis. Oct 13, '64. Fxp. of t 
Pro. to Cor. Nov.16/63. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Fx. of t. 
Pro. to Cor. Nov.16/63. Dis. Oct 13/64. Fx. of t. 
Wd. at Bunker Hill.Va., Jun. 13/63. Pro. to Cor. 

Ap. 5/64 Dis, Oct. 13, '64. Fxp. of term. 
Pro. to Cor. Apr. 5/64. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Fx of t. 
Pro. to Cor. Apr. 5/64. Dis. Oct. 13/64. Fx. of t. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate , '62. 

Pro. to Cor. Aug. 1/62. Died of wds. received at 

Bnkr. Hill Jun 13/62. Bur in Nat. Cem. Jot 26. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Aug. — , '62. 
Trnsf. to Co. C. Mustered out Jun. 29/65. Vet. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Trnsf. to Co. C. Pro. to Cor. ; to Sgt. May 14, '65. 

Mustered out June 29, '65. Veteran. 
Captured at Wilderness May 6, '64. Died at An- 

dersonville Sep. 8, '64. Grave 8160. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr. 2, '62. 
Killed at Beverly, W.Va., Nov.,'62, by Pro. Grd. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr. 16, '64. 
Trnsf. to Co. C. Captrd. at Monocacy Jul.9, '64. 

Died at Danville, Va., Sep. 18, '64. Buried in 

National Cem., Sec. A., Div. 1, Grave 146. Vet. 
Trnsf. to Co. C. Discharged by G. O. Jun. 20/65. 
Died at Brandy Sta. Dec. 12/63. Buried in Nat. 

Cem., Culpepper C. H., Va., Block 1, Sec. A, 

Row 1, Grave 5. 
Killed at Monocacy, Md., July, 9, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 



— xxi — 



Names. 



Firestone, Israel 
Forrer, Eli 

Good, John 
Gardner, Peter 
Hunter, Alfred M. 
Hoffman, John 

High, Jacob B. 
Huntzberger, Jac. 

Hartman William 
Johnson, Samuel 
Kerr, James A. 
Keller, Wesley F. 
Keller. John W. 
Klinedinst, N J. 

Litz, Geo. I,. 
L,entz, Jesse R. 
Landen, Josiah 



Martin, Peter 
Moore, Francis J 
Myers, Andrew B. 
Martin, Jefferson 



Private 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 



do 
do 
do 
do 



Moore. Jacob 
Myers, Valentine 

March, Daniel 
McClellan, Dav.M. 
McGinley,Saml. B. 
Mickey, Daniel S. 
Noel, Henry 
Prowell, George 

Peters, Jacob H. 
Pederson, Chas. E. 
Ritter, John L. 
Runk, Daniel 
Rinehart, Martin 
Ramsey, Wm. B. 
Smith, John W. 
Spahr, Jeremiah 
Sibbett, John A. 
Stough, Reuben 
Small, Wm. G. 
Slothower, Jac. B. 
Slusser, I,afayette 
Snyder, Henry 
Stouffer, Fphraim 

vShive, Andrew- 
Shaffer, Henry 

Sherman. George 
Shive , John K. 
Troup , Fmanuel 
Wise, Kdw. 
Wagoner, Roland's 

Wolf, Anthony 

Zell, Peter H. 



do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 

do 



Sep. 19, '6: 
Sep. 19, '6: 

Sep. 19, '6t 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep, 19, '61 
Sep. 25, '61 

Sep 19, '61 
Sep, 19, '61 

Sep. J9, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
vSep 19, '61 



Sep. 19, '61 
Sep 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 



Sep. 19, '6r 
Sep. 19, '61 

Dec 23, '63 
Sep. 19, '61 
Apr 7, '62 
Sep. 19, '6i 
Oct. 9, '92 
Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 
Sep 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep 19, '6r 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 

vSep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 
Sep. 19 '61 
Sep. 19, '61 
Sep 19, '61 
Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 

Sep. 19, '61 



Remarks. 



Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr., '62. 
Trnsf. to Co. C. Captured. Died at Anderson- 
viile, Ga., Aug. 3, '64. Grave 6642. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Aug., '62. 

Discharged Oct. 13,- '64. Fxpiration of term. 

Wd. at Winchester. Va. June, '63. Discharged 
October 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan., '63. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Pro. to Corp. Pro. to Sgt. May 
29, '65. Mustered out Jun. -9, '6> Veteran. 

Discharged onSurg.'s Certificate, date unkn. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Fxpiration of term. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Captrd at Monocacy Jul. 9/64. 
Returned Feb 2o,'65. Discharged j pr. 8, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. andcaptrd at Bunker Hill,Va., Jun. 13, '63. 
Exchd. Trnsf. to Co. C. Pro. to Sgt. Sep. 25, 
'64. Mustered out June 29, '65. V teran. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Trnf. to Co.C. Dis. on Sur. Cer. May 19. '6s, Vet. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Pro to Cor. Pro. to Sgt. Sep. 2s, 
'64. Wnd. at Cedar. Creek, Va., Oct. 19. '64. 
Absent at Muster out. Veteran. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Mustered out Jun 29, '65. Vet, 

Trnsf to Co C. Captrd. Sep. 12, '64. Disch. May 
27, '65, to date Nov. 4, '64. 

Trnsf to Co. C Trnsf. to Vet. Res. Cr. Jan.6,'65. 

Absent on detached service at muster out. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Disch. by Gen. Ord. Jun. 12/65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Trnsf. to Co. C. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Captured at Bunker Hill, Va., Jun. 13, '63. Dis- 
charged October 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg. Certificate March, '62. 

Discharged on Surg. Certificate January, '63. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, y 6\. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13 '64. Expiration of term. 

Absent in hospital at expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expirrtion of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration ofterm. 

Absent in hospital at expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg. Certificate March, '62. 

Discharged Sep. 28, '64. Expiration of term. 

Transferred to Co. C. Pro. to Corporal. Mus- 
tered out June 29, '65. Veteran. 

Transferred to Co. C. Mustered out June 29, 
'65. Veteran. 

Transferred to Co, C. Discharged on Surg.'s 
Certifict. April 20, '65. 

Trnsf. to Co. I. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Exp. of term. 

Died at New Creek, W. Va., August, '62. 

Died at Cumberland, Md., in 1862. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Transferred to Co. C. Discharged January 26, 
'65. Expiration of term. 

Died of wounds received at Monocacy, Md., 
July 9, '64. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration ofterm. 



COMPANY I. 



Names. 



Thad'eusS.Pfeiffer 
Wm. H. Ranius 



Anth'ny M. Martin 
Edward F. Coe 



James Hersh 
Robert K. Slagle 



George Dosh 
Edwd. A. Stough 
Findlay I. Thomas 
Zeph. E. Hersh 



Wm. D. Hombach 

Charles Burns 
Augustus Weigert 
Pius D. Miller 
Milton J. Yeager 



Frank M. Peters 

,>Jacob Harman 

Daniel Decker 
David A. Yount 
Daniel H. Karnes 
Adams, George 

Altrogge Bernard 
Brashears, Alex. 
Bankard,Ephraim 

Collins, Nelson 
Crosta, Charles 
Diehl, Lewis, H. 
Eline, Pius 
Felty, George F. 
Fleming, George 
Fleming, Henry 



Fellers, James A. 
Fried, Joseph 
Fisher, James C, 

Green, Frederick 
Grove, Albert D. 
Hale, John 

Fleltzel, Daniel 

Herr, Edward R. 
Howell, Charles 
Habermehl, Chas. 
Rogan, James 
Ruckenbaugh.Wm 
-Refever, William 
Rong, James A. 



Capt'n 
do 



Rank. 



ist Rt. 
do 



2nd Rt. 
do 



Serg'nt 
do 
do 
do 



Corp'l 

do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 

do 
Mus'n. 

do 
Private 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 



Date of i g . 
Muster into ^ £ 
Service. En ^ 



Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12, '61 



Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 



Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 



Sep 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, 6 1 
Sep. 12, '6r 



Sep 12, '6 1 

Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6 1 



Sep. 12, '6i 

Sep. 12, '6 1 

Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Oct. i, '6i 
Sep. 12, '6i 

Oct. 31, '6i 
Sep. 12, '61 
Jan. 3, '62 

Sep. 1 ?, '61 



Dec. 26, '61 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12, '61 
Sep 12, '6r 

Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12, '61 

Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '61 

Sep. 12, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 
Sep. 12, '6i 
Sep. 12, '61 
Sep. 12. '61 
Sep 



'62 



Jan. 3> 
Oct. 31, '62 



Remarks. 



Killed at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. 
Wounded at Monocacy, Md., Jul. 9, '63. Pro. fr. 

ist Sgt.to 2d Rt. Mar.2,'63; to ist Rt. Dec. 7,'63; 

toCapt Jun.25,'64. Dis.Oct ,'64. Exp. of term. 
Pr.to Adjt. Nov. 18/63. Klld. at Monoc'y Jul.9/64 
Pro. to 1st Rt. Jun 4/64. Tr. to Co. B. Com. Capt. 

Co. B (not mustered) Oct. 29, '64. Disch. Nov. 

25, '64, to date Oct. 13, '64. 
Promoted to Quartermaster March 1, '63. 
Wd. at Cedar Creek Oct.19,'64. Pro. fr. Sgt. to 2d 

Rt. Sep. i6,'64. Tr. to Co. B. Com. ist Rt. Oct. 

29/64 Not must'd. Dis. Jan. 13, '65. Veteran. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. Apr.2.'65. Pro. to Sgt. Maj Sep. 17 '64. Vet. 
Tr. to Co B. Pro. to 2d Rt. Jan.20,'65; to Cap. Jan. 

24, '6s; to Brevet Major Apr. 2, '65. Mustered 

out June 2s, '6s. Veteran. 
Wd. at Wilderness May 6, '64. Absent in hos- 
pital at muster out 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 
Wd. May 6,'64. Dis. Oct . 13/64 Exp. of term. 
Wd. w. loss of leg at Cld. Hrbr., Va., Jun. r, '64. 
Tr. to Co. B Pro to Sgt. Pro. to ist Sgt May 16, 

'65. Com. ist. Rt. (not mustered) June 15, '65. 

Mustered out June 25, '65. Veteran. 
Trnsf. to Co. B. Prom, to Corporal May 16/65. 

Mustered out June 29, '65. 
Transf. to Co. B. Prom, to Corporal Jan. 6, '65. 

Absent with leave at muster out. 
Discahrged on Surg.'s Certificate August, '62. 
Discharged on .Surg.'s Certificate August, '62. 
Killed at Winchester, Va., June 13, '63. 
Wnd. at Winchester June 13, '63. Discharged 

Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. Jun. 1/64 Dis. Oct. 13/64. Exp. of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64 Expiration of term. 
Trnsf. to Co.B. Wd. at Monocacy, Md.Jul 9, 64. 

Discharged Jan. 3, '65, Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 7, '63. 
Tr. to Co. B. Disch. Dec. 26/64. Exp. of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Burial Rec: Died at U. S. Hospital, Annapolis, 

Md., March 13, '65. Prisoner. 
Trnsf. to Co B. Absent sick at muster out. Vet. 
Discharged on Surg/s Certificate Nov. 5, '63. 
Died at Washington, D. C, Oct. 26, '63. Buried 

in Military Asylum Cemetery. 
Captured at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wounded at Cold Harbor. Ross of arm. Dis- 
charged Oct. 13, '64. 
Captrd. at Monocacy, Md. , Jul. 9, 64. Bur. Rec: 

Died at Danville, Va., Dec. 28, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. May 12/64. Cptrd. at Monocacy Jul. 9/64. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 21, '64. 
Trnsf. to Co. B Mus. out Jun. 29/65. Veteran. 
Tr. to Co. B. Dis. on Sur. Cert. May 16/65. Vet. 
[Trnsf. to Co. B. Disch. Jan. 6/65. Exp. of term. 
I Trnsf. to Co. B. Disch NoV. 13/64. Exp. of term. 



— xxiii — 



Names. 



Rank. 


Date of 
Muster into 
Service . 


Term 

\ y ys - 1 


Private 


Sep. 12, '6 1 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6t 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 




Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Jan. 3, '62 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6 1 


3 


do 


Sep. 12 '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep 12 '6i 


3 


do 


Sep \2 '6 1 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 3 2, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6 1 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6r 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 




do 


Sep 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep .2, 61 


3 


do 


Jah. 3, -62 


3 


do 


Oct. 28, '62 


3 


do 


Feb. 19, '64 


3 


do 


Aug. 1. '62 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '6i 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 


3 


do 


Oct. 31, '61 


3 


do 


Sep. 12, '61 


3 



Remarks. 



I,ane, Joshraa 

Ivittle, William G. 
Markle, L,evi 
Martin, Charles 
Martz, John H. 
Mowry, Elias 

Myers, Howard C 
Martz, Samuel V. 

Matter, Henry 
Motter, John G. 

Mummert, Andrew 

Montgomery, Thos 
Mclntyre, Peter 
'McMaster, Soflom. 
McKlroy, Joseph 
McClain, Thos. J. 

McAvoy, Frank 
McManus. Alex. 
Noel, John A. 

O'Donnell, Robert 
Perlitz, William 
Rickrode, Frank 
Rick rode, John 
Rahter, Adolph 
Rahter, Benjamin 
Rickrode, Pius H. 
Roberts, Albert 
Rooney, James 
Reidhinger, Fred. 
Shrom, Henry 
Sherman, George 
Stouffer, I^uther S, 
•Stonesifer Joseph 
Swope, Henry 
Schriver, Geo. W. 

Sayers, Thomas 
Shrom, John C. 
Schmuck, John 
Snyder, John 

Thomas, David N. 



Wilt, Jeremiah 
Weisheit, Adolph 

Yeatts, Will am B. 
Young, William 



Died in Washington, D. C, Frb. 12/64. Buried 
in Military Asylum Cemetery. 

Died at Grafton, W. Va., Aug. ;8, '62. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wounded at Monocacy, Md., July 9, '64. Dis- 
charged Oct 13, '64, Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Died June 4, '64, of wnds. rec'd May 19, '64, at 
Spottsylvania Veteran. 

Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, Mar., '62. 

Trnsf. to Co. B, Pro. to Corp. Mar. 21, 65. Mus- 
tered out June 29, '65. 

Trnsf. to Co. B. Wnd. Jwn. 12, '64. Discharged 
Jan 3, '65. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64 Expiration of term. 

Captured at Monocacy, Md , July 9, '64. 

Captured September 23, '64. 

Trnsf. to Co. B. Vet. Mustered out Jun. 29, '65. 

Trnsf. to Co. B. Wnd. Jul. 9, '— Discharged 
on Surgeon's Certificate May 16, '65. Vet. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Aug. 19, '64. 

Died at Winchester, Va., March 31, '63. 

Wnd. at Monocacy, Md. Trnsf. to Co. B. Vet 
Discharged on Surg*s Certificate May i6,'65. 

Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. Jul. 9, '64. Disch Oct. 13, '64. Exp. of trm. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 6, '63. 

Discharged on Surg 's Certificate Jan. 6, '63. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 7, '63. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Cretificate March, '63. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Jan. 20, '64. 

T nsf. to Co. B. Absent sick at muster out. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. '13, 64. Expiration of term. 

Pris. fr. Jul. 9, '64 to Feb. 20, '65. Monocacy, Md. 

Captured September 23, '64. 

Trnsf, to. Co. B. Pro. to Corpl. Pro to Sergt. 
Jan. 20. '65. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Trnsf, to Co. B. Disch. Jan. 3,'6> Ex. of term. 

Trnsf. to Co. B. Mustered out June 29, '95. 

Trnsf. to Co. B. Disch. by G. O. June 3, '65. 

Wnd Jul. 9, '64. Trnsf. to Co. B. Pro. to Corp. 
Discharged by General Order May 19, '65. 

Captrd. at Winchstr,, Va., Jun.15,'63. Trnsf. to 
Co. B. Vet. Pro. to Sgt. Com. 2d LI. Jun. 15, 
'65. Not mustered. Mustered out Jun. ?g '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Wd. at Winchstr., Va., Jun. 13, '63. L,ossofarm. 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Feb. 15, '64. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate March, '62. 

Died at York Hospital July 18, '64. 



COMPANY K. 



John W. Schall 
John Albright 
John E. Mcllvain 
Chas. F. Haack 



Jacob Emmet, Jr. 




Aug. 24, '61 
Sep. 11, '61 
Aug. 24, '61 
Aug. 24, '61 



Aug. 24, '61 



Pro. to Eieut. Col. September 14, '61. 
Captured Jun. 15, '63. Discharged Mar. 22, '65. 
Pro. to Asst. Surg. 68th Regt. P. V. Mar. 23,'65. 
Pro. fr 2d L,t. Mar. 24/63. Killed at Monocacy, 

Md., Juy 9, '63. Buried in Prospect Hill 

Cemetery, York, Pa. 
Promoted to Adjutant September 25, '61. 



— xxiv — 



Names. 



Rank. 



Date of 
Muster into 
Service, 



Remarks 



Chas. P. Stroman 



Charles Busser 
Dewis R. Haack 
Franklin Ginter 
Wm. H. Schriver 
George W. Welsh 
Wm. Marckley 
Peter S. Baum 
Jerome Heidler 
Micb'l S. Deringer 
Samuel Decker 
M. Morningstar 
Cornelius Fecker 
George Gibbons 
Christian L,ist 
Lawrence Kerber 

John A. Weakly 
John Holder 
Chas. J. Barnitz 
EH Brown 
Billmyer, Henry 
Blockinger, Ulrich 
Blockinger, John 
Brant, Geo, H. C. 
Burse. Thomas Z. 
Barry, John 
Beck, John V, 

Carey, John W, 
Crimmins, Dennis 
Clopper, Jacob 
Dobbins, Henry 
Dixon, Wm, H, 
Diehl, Josiah 
Dobler, Jacob 
Diehl, Jacob 
Epley, Wm. H. 
Emenheiser, Wm. 
Eichelberger.G. R. 
Fox, Samuel 
Faust, Nathaniel 
Filler, John W. 
Foos, Jacob 
Foos t Matthew 
Gleeson, Alex. i 
Glosser, John 
Hahn, Nicholas A, 
Hanson, John B. j 
Helker, Jos. H. 
Heidler, Jos. A. 
Hoffman, David j 

Ilgenfritz, Wm. H. 
Knudson, Wm. A. 
Kissinger, Conrad 

Kisner, Henry 
Koons, John C. 
Koons, Jacob 
Keasey, Daniel G, 
Kendig, John 
I^esh, Jacob 
List, Jacob 
Eist, John 
Monaghan, Wm. 



2d I,t r 



rstSgt. 
Sergt. 

do 

do 

do 

do 
Corp'l. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 
Muscn, 

do 
Private 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 

do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 



Sep. 



Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
iSep. ii, 
jSep. ii, 
ISep. ii, 
|Sep ir, 
Sep. ii, 
jSep, II, 

Sep. ii, 
ISep. ii, 



• 

jSep. 31, 
jSep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
|Sep. ii, 
Sep. II, 
ISep. ii 
ISep ii, 
,Sep. ii, 
iSep, ii, 
Sep ii, 
{Sep, ii, 

I Sep. ii, 
iSep ii, 
Sep. ii, 
ISep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep, ii. 
:Sep. II, 
! Sep. ii, 
jSep ii, 
:Sep. II, 
Sep. ii, 
;Sep. ii, 
,Sep. ii, 
ISep. ii, 
:Sep. II, 
,Sep. ii, 
iSep. ii, 
Sep ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 

Sep. ii 7 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 

I Sep. ii, 
Sep* ti, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 
Sep. ii, 



Cptrd Jun,i5,'63, Pro.fr. Sgt. Maj.to 2d Et.Aug. 

7/63. Com. 1st Lt Jul. 10, '64. Not mus. Tr.to Co. 

A. Discharged by Special Order Mar. ?2, '65. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. Nov. 30,'62. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Ex. of trm, 
Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate Apr r 21, '64. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
I Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
[Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64, Expiration of term. 
Wd. May 7/64. Disch. Oct. 13, '64. Ex of term. 
Prsn . fr, Jun .22/64 , to Apr, 28/65. Dis Jun .1 1. '65. 
Discbd. on Surg.'s Certificate by order of Gen. 
I French at Brandy Station. 
Promoted to Hospital Steward. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. i3 v '64. Expiration of term 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Pris. fr. Jul 9, '64, to Feb.2i, T 65 Disc. Apr. 12/65. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Dis. by order of Gen. Schenk at Winchest'r,Va_ 
Disch. Jul. 4/64, for wd«. rec'd with loss of arm 

at Mine Run November 30, '63 



Discharged Oct. 
Discharged Oct. 
Discharged Oct. 
Discharged Oct. 
Discharged Oct. 



13, '64- 
13, '64. 
13. '64- 
13, '64. 
13, '64. 



Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Md. July Q, '64. 



Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 
Expiration of term. 



Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 
Captured at Monocac , 

D s. by order of Gen. Schenk at Winchest'r,Va. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct 13, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 
Discharged O t. 13, '64. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. 

Tr. to Co. A Mus. out with Co. Jun. 29/65. Vet. 
Killed at Mine Run, Va., Nov. 30, '63, 
Killed at Mine Run, Va.. Nov. 30, '63. 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct, 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, ,64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Captured at Monocacy, Md., JuU'9, 64. 
Transferred to Veteran Res. Corps Feb. 16/64. 
Wd. at Winchstr. Jun. 13/63 Captrd. Jun. 15/63. 
j Exchd. Killed at Mine Run, Va., Nov. 30/63. 
Tranf. to Co. A. Abs. sick at muster out. Vet. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Wd. at Mine Run Nov. 30 '63. Discharged Oct. 

13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, 64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Di^. bv order of Gen. Schenk at Winchest'r,Va. 
Trnsf! to Co. A. Mustered out Jun. 29/65. Vet. 
Died at Winchester. Va., March 6, '6^. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 
Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 



— XXV 



Names. 



I Date of 
Rank. Muster into 
I Service. 



Remarks 



Odenwalt, Chas. Private Sep. n, '61 

do Sep. ii, '6i 

do Sep. ii, '6i 

do Sep. ii, '6 1 

do Sep. ii, '61 

do Sep ii, '61 

do Sep. ii, '61 

do Sep. ii, '61 

do Sep. ii, '6i 

do Sep. ii, '6i 

do Sep. ii, '61 



Patterson, Rud'lph 
Paley, Thomas 
Quinn, Hugh 

Runk, John 
Ramson, William 
Roth, Simon 

Ruth, Samuel 
Roucher, Martin 

Rasch, Eewis 

Rehm, Frederick 



Stratmyer, Henry 
Spangler, Harris' n 
Spangler,Henrj- C. 

Shanebrook, E. 
Sweeney, Isaac 
Sechrist, Geo. W. 
Snyder, Benjamin 
Tvson, Benjamin 
Taylor, Thomas J. 

Thompson. Nath'l 
Wilson, John 
Wolf. John H. 



do 
do 
do 
do 
do 



do Sep ii, '61 
do Sep. ii, '6i 
do Sep. ii, '61 



jSep. ii, '61 
|Sep. ii, '61 
ISep. ii, '61 
ISep. ii, '61 
| Sep. ii, '6 1 
Sep. ii, '61 



do Sep. ii, '6i 
do Sep. ii, '61 
do Sep ii, '6 1 



Discharged by order of Gen. Schenck, Win- 
chester, Va. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate Mar.3,'64. 

Prisoner from July 9, '64, to April 20, '65. Tr. 
to Co. A. Mustered out June 29, '65. Vet. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13,. '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged by order of Gen. Schenck, Win- 
chester, Va. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate at York, Pa. 

Discharged by order of Gen. French, Brandy 
Station, Va. 

Transf. to Co. A Pro. to 1st Sgt. Pro. to 1st 
Lieut. May 29, '65. Mus. out Jun 29, '65. Vet. 

Died at Brand}"- Station Mar. 4, '64. Buried in 
Nat, Cemetery, Culpepper C. H.,Va , Block 1, 
Section A, Row 1, Grave No. 13. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13. '64. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner from Sept. 23, '64, to Mar. 13, '65. Dis- 
charged April ir, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged on Surg.'s Certificate at York, Pa. 

Transf. to Co. A. Mustered out June 29, '65. 

Killed by accident on Northern Central Ry. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Prisoner from Sept. 24, '64, to Mar. 2, '65. Dis- 
charged May 4, '65. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Discharged Oct. 13, '64. Expiration of term. 

Transf. to Co. A. Discharged Jan. 63, '6, to 
date June 8, 65. 



Note.— Corporal Morris J. Powell, of Co. E, was wounded at the assault on the work 
in front of Petersburg, Va. James A. Fellers, of Co. I, lost a leg at Opequon 
September 19, 1S64. Esau Bailey, of Co. D, was wounded in the same battle 



